{"id":302925,"date":"2025-04-03T14:46:14","date_gmt":"2025-04-03T12:46:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/?p=302925"},"modified":"2025-11-26T14:16:50","modified_gmt":"2025-11-26T13:16:50","slug":"big-data-ia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/big-data-ia\/","title":{"rendered":"Big Data et IA : une alliance strat\u00e9gique \ud83e\udd1d"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>T\u2019as d\u00e9j\u00e0 entendu parler du<strong> Big Data<\/strong> ? Tu te demandes ce que ce concept a \u00e0 voir avec <strong>l\u2019intelligence artificielle<\/strong> ?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le Big Data, c\u2019est<strong> l\u2019ensemble de donn\u00e9es g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es en continu par nos activit\u00e9s num\u00e9riques<\/strong>. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des technologies avanc\u00e9es, ces donn\u00e9es sont <strong>collect\u00e9es, stock\u00e9es et analys\u00e9es<\/strong> pour en extraire des informations pr\u00e9cieuses.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mais comment fonctionne le Big Data ? On va voir \u00e7a dans cet article ! \ud83d\ude80<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pourquoi l\u2019IA a-t-elle besoin du Big Data ? \ud83d\udcbb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019IA a besoin <strong>d\u2019observer et d\u2019analyser des millions d\u2019exemples<\/strong> avant de comprendre un concept. Sauf que, contrairement \u00e0 un humain, elle ne se limite pas \u00e0 quelques exp\u00e9riences : elle <strong>avale des montagnes de donn\u00e9es<\/strong> pour en tirer des <strong>tendances <\/strong>et am\u00e9liorer ses <strong>d\u00e9cisions<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019IA n\u00e9cessite de grandes quantit\u00e9s de donn\u00e9es pour :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Identifier des sch\u00e9mas<\/strong> et des corr\u00e9lations invisibles \u00e0 l\u2019\u0153il humain.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rendre les mod\u00e8les plus <strong>pr\u00e9cis et fiables<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S\u2019adapter et <strong>apprendre continuellement <\/strong>sans intervention humaine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Mais quel est le rapport avec le Big Data ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Le Big Data : une r\u00e9volution pour l\u2019IA \ud83d\udca5<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Comme on l\u2019a dit plus haut, le Big Data est <strong>l\u2019immense volume de donn\u00e9es g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 en continu par notre activit\u00e9 num\u00e9rique.<\/strong> C\u2019est lui qui a permis \u00e0 l\u2019IA de <strong>r\u00e9ellement d\u00e9coller<\/strong> ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es. Avant, les <strong>algorithmes <\/strong>existaient d\u00e9j\u00e0, mais ils <strong>manquaient de donn\u00e9es<\/strong> pour \u00eatre nourris et s\u2019am\u00e9liorer.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><b>\u00ab Nourrir \u00bb <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">un algorithme, c\u2019est <\/span><b>l\u2019entra\u00eener <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">avec un grand nombre d\u2019exemples pour qu\u2019il apprenne \u00e0 reconna\u00eetre des mod\u00e8les et \u00e0 faire des pr\u00e9dictions. <\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Aujourd\u2019hui, avec les r\u00e9seaux sociaux, les objets connect\u00e9s et les bases de donn\u00e9es massives, on dispose d\u2019un <strong>flux ininterrompu d\u2019informations exploitables<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le Big Data offre \u00e0 l\u2019IA :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Volume<\/strong> : des quantit\u00e9s astronomiques de donn\u00e9es g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es chaque seconde.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vari\u00e9t\u00e9<\/strong> : des formats multiples (textes, images, vid\u00e9os, capteurs IoT, etc.).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>V\u00e9locit\u00e9<\/strong> : une mise \u00e0 jour en temps r\u00e9el des informations disponibles.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/histoire-ia\/\"><b>Tout sur l\u2019histoire de l\u2019IA<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><b>Big Data vs Big Tech<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">font r\u00e9f\u00e9rence aux <\/span><b>grandes entreprises technologiques <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(comme Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon, Microsoft) qui dominent le secteur du num\u00e9rique.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le Big Data concerne les <\/span><b>donn\u00e9es <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">elles-m\u00eames, alors que les Big Tech sont les <\/span><b>acteurs <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">qui les exploitent et les mon\u00e9tisent.<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Des progr\u00e8s spectaculaires \ud83d\udcaa<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Sans Big Data, pas d\u2019IA puissante. Et sans IA, pas de traitement intelligent du Big Data. C\u2019est cette <strong>relation symbiotique<\/strong> qui a permis des avanc\u00e9es majeures comme :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Les <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/fonctionnement-chatbot\/\"><strong>chatbots<\/strong><\/a><strong> et assistants vocaux (Siri, Alexa, Google Assistant)<\/strong> : qui analysent des milliards d\u2019\u00e9chantillons de voix pour comprendre et r\u00e9pondre de mani\u00e8re naturelle.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Les recommandations personnalis\u00e9es (Netflix, Spotify, Amazon)<\/strong> : qui utilisent les comportements de millions d\u2019utilisateurs pour sugg\u00e9rer du contenu pertinent.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Les syst\u00e8mes de d\u00e9tection de fraude bancaire<\/strong> : qui scrutent des millions de transactions pour identifier des anomalies en temps r\u00e9el.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On parle d\u2019<\/span><b>alliance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> entre le Big Data et l\u2019IA parce que ces deux technologies sont interd\u00e9pendantes et se renforcent mutuellement. Cette alliance est <\/span><b>le moteur de la transformation num\u00e9rique<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> !<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>O\u00f9 sont stock\u00e9es les donn\u00e9es ? \ud83d\udccd<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour que l\u2019intelligence artificielle puisse exploiter le Big Data, il faut une <strong>infrastructure robuste <\/strong>et des outils capables de g\u00e9rer cette avalanche de donn\u00e9es. Il faut d\u2019abord <strong>r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer et stocker ces donn\u00e9es quelque part<\/strong>. Mais ici, on parle de <strong>volumes colossaux<\/strong>, bien trop vastes pour une simple cl\u00e9 USB ou un disque dur externe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est l\u00e0 qu\u2019interviennent les <strong>data centers<\/strong> : d\u2019immenses <strong>infrastructures regroupant des milliers de serveurs<\/strong>, charg\u00e9s de stocker, s\u00e9curiser et traiter ces donn\u00e9es en continu. Ces centres de stockage permettent <strong>d\u2019h\u00e9berger des bases de donn\u00e9es massives<\/strong> et d\u2019assurer leur <strong>accessibilit\u00e9 <\/strong>en temps r\u00e9el.&nbsp;Mais les donn\u00e9es brutes ne sont <strong>pas toujours exploitables imm\u00e9diatemen<\/strong>t. C\u2019est pourquoi les data centers ne se contentent pas de les stocker : <strong>ils les nettoient aussi<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cela signifie qu\u2019ils <\/span><b>suppriment <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">les doublons, <\/span><b>corrigent <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">les erreurs, <\/span><b>\u00e9liminent <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">les informations inutiles ou incoh\u00e9rentes et <\/span><b>organisent <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">les donn\u00e9es pour qu\u2019elles puissent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9es efficacement par les algorithmes d\u2019IA. <\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce nettoyage est crucial, car <strong>une IA entra\u00een\u00e9e avec des donn\u00e9es incorrectes ou biais\u00e9es risque de produire des r\u00e9sultats erron\u00e9s <\/strong>(<em>ce qui arrive d\u2019ailleurs quand m\u00eame !<\/em>).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sans les data centers, le Big Data et l\u2019IA ne pourraient tout simplement pas fonctionner \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9mdW5uZWwtc3R1ZGVudC1xdWFsaWZpY2F0aW9u\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;#8217; global #1 = CPG1\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jade2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jade<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Nicolas2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Nicolas<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">CentraleSup\u00e9lec<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Margot2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Margot<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Arts et M\u00e9tiers ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">22\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Louise2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Louise<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Mines ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Emilie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Emilie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Alma2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Alma<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris-Saclay<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Antoine2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Antoine<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">18\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Ton premier cours particulier est offert ! <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\ud83c\udf81\">\ud83c\udf81<\/span><!-- notionvc: 91b6b7d7-50f2-46f4-ae1f-ecbabe834aad --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont pass\u00e9s par les meilleures \u00e9coles et universit\u00e9s.<!-- notionvc: 21bb66b6-b36d-4ce8-8950-173722d75a1e --><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: #ffffff; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        J&#8217;EN PROFITE MAINTENANT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les mod\u00e8les d\u2019apprentissage \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Les mod\u00e8les d\u2019intelligence artificielle transforment ce <strong>brut de donn\u00e9es<\/strong> en <strong>d\u00e9cisions intelligentes<\/strong>. Mais pour y arriver, ils doivent apprendre et s\u2019adapter en continu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Voyons ensemble <strong>trois types de mod\u00e8les d\u2019apprentissage<\/strong> et comment ils exploitent le Big Data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Machine Learning et Big Data \ud83e\udd16<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Le <strong>Machine Learning (ML)<\/strong>, ou apprentissage automatique, est un sous-domaine de l\u2019IA o\u00f9 les algorithmes <strong>apprennent \u00e0 partir des donn\u00e9es sans \u00eatre explicitement programm\u00e9s<\/strong>. Plus ils re\u00e7oivent de donn\u00e9es, plus ils deviennent performants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Il existe trois grandes m\u00e9thodes d\u2019apprentissage :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Apprentissage supervis\u00e9&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019algorithme apprend \u00e0 <strong>partir d\u2019exemples d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9tiquet\u00e9s<\/strong>. On lui montre des entr\u00e9es et les bonnes r\u00e9ponses, et il <strong>ajuste ses calculs<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tu peux le retrouver dans la <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/ia-reconnaissance-images\/\"><strong>reconnaissance d\u2019images<\/strong><\/a><strong>, <\/strong>comme les visages,<strong> <\/strong>o\u00f9 l&#8217;IA apprend \u00e0 reconna\u00eetre un visage en comparant des milliers d\u2019images.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Apprentissage non supervis\u00e9&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Ici, <strong>aucun exemple ni \u00e9tiquette n\u2019est fourni<\/strong>. L\u2019algorithme explore et d\u00e9tecte des <strong><em>patterns <\/em>cach\u00e9s<\/strong> dans les donn\u00e9es, comme dans la <strong>d\u00e9tection d\u2019anomalies<\/strong> dans le secteur bancaire.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Apprentissage par renforcement<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019algorithme<strong> interagit <\/strong>avec un environnement et am\u00e9liore son comportement en fonction des <strong>r\u00e9compenses et punitions <\/strong>qu\u2019il re\u00e7oit, par exemple dans les<strong> jeux vid\u00e9os<\/strong> ou en jouant aux <strong>\u00e9checs<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Deep Learning et Big Data \ud83c\udf00<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Le <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/deep-learning\/\"><strong>Deep Learning<\/strong><\/a>, ou apprentissage profond, va encore plus loin. C\u2019est une sous-cat\u00e9gorie du <strong>Machine Learning<\/strong> qui utilise des r\u00e9seaux de neurones artificiels imitant le cerveau humain. Mais pour fonctionner, ces mod\u00e8les ont besoin de <strong>millions, voire de milliards de donn\u00e9es<\/strong> !&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cela leur permet d\u2019obtenir des performances avanc\u00e9es dans des t\u00e2ches complexes comme la reconnaissance d\u2019images ou la compr\u00e9hension du langage (gr\u00e2ce au<strong> <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/traitement-langage-naturel-ia\/\"><strong>traitement du langage naturel<\/strong><\/a>). Et c\u2019est l\u00e0 que le <strong>Big Data<\/strong> devient indispensable.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><strong>\ud83d\udce2 Exemple : la reconnaissance vocale<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Un assistant vocal comme Alexa ou Siri doit apprendre \u00e0 reconna\u00eetre des accents, des voix diff\u00e9rentes et m\u00eame des intonations \u00e9motionnelles. Cela implique des <\/span><b>milliards d\u2019\u00e9chantillons audio<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> analys\u00e9s et class\u00e9s.<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>L\u2019importance des donn\u00e9es de qualit\u00e9 \ud83d\udc8e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Un algorithme, m\u00eame puissant, ne peut pas faire de miracles avec des <strong>donn\u00e9es mauvaises ou biais\u00e9es<\/strong>. Une <strong>bonne qualit\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es<\/strong> est essentielle pour garantir des pr\u00e9dictions fiables.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Probl\u00e8mes fr\u00e9quents li\u00e9s aux donn\u00e9es<\/strong> :<br>\u274c <strong>Biais des donn\u00e9es<\/strong> : si un mod\u00e8le de recrutement est entra\u00een\u00e9 uniquement avec des profils d\u2019hommes, il risque de discriminer les candidatures f\u00e9minines.<br>\u274c <strong>Donn\u00e9es incompl\u00e8tes<\/strong> : une IA m\u00e9dicale entra\u00een\u00e9e avec peu de donn\u00e9es sur certaines populations peut mal diagnostiquer des patients sous-repr\u00e9sent\u00e9s.<br>\u274c <strong>Donn\u00e9es obsol\u00e8tes<\/strong> : un mod\u00e8le de pr\u00e9vision \u00e9conomique bas\u00e9 sur des tendances des ann\u00e9es 90 ne sera pas efficace aujourd\u2019hui.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les <em>data scientists<\/em> passent \u00e9norm\u00e9ment de temps \u00e0 <strong>filtrer, corriger et enrichir<\/strong> les jeux de donn\u00e9es avant d\u2019entra\u00eener une IA.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9mdW5uZWwtc3R1ZGVudC1xdWFsaWZpY2F0aW9u\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;#8217; global #3 = CPG3\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Martin2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Martin<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">23\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jade2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jade<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Bastien2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Bastien<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Polytechnique<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Emilie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Emilie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Hugo2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Hugo<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Insa Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">16\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Alma2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Alma<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris-Saclay<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/David2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">David<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">EDHEC<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jeanne2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jeanne<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin de cours particuliers ? <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><!-- notionvc: 27874cb7-7cca-4c68-a2e3-ea8000cbb55b --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p><span style=\"color: #48b378;\">4 points<\/span> de plus sur ta <span style=\"color: #48b378;\">moyenne<\/span> avec nos profs Sherpas ! <span role=\"image\" aria-label=\"\ud83d\udcc8\">\ud83d\udcc8<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS OFFERT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les limites et d\u00e9fis du Big Data pour l\u2019IA \ud83d\udcbe<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Collecter et exploiter des milliards de donn\u00e9es pose des <strong>probl\u00e8mes techniques, \u00e9thiques et juridiques<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>La s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et la protection des donn\u00e9es personnelles \ud83d\udd10<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Plus il y a de donn\u00e9es, plus il y a de risques de <strong>fuite, de piratage et d\u2019utilisation abusive<\/strong>. Les bases de donn\u00e9es g\u00e9antes sont une cible privil\u00e9gi\u00e9e pour les cyberattaques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Quelques cas <\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/news\/2018\/mar\/17\/cambridge-analytica-facebook-influence-us-election\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Facebook-Cambridge Analytica<\/strong><\/a><strong> (2018)<\/strong> : des millions de donn\u00e9es d\u2019utilisateurs Facebook ont \u00e9t\u00e9 exploit\u00e9es sans consentement pour influencer des \u00e9lections politiques.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usine-digitale.fr\/article\/un-etablissement-de-sante-victime-d-une-fuite-de-donnees-750-000-dossiers-de-francais-derobes.N2222913\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Vols de donn\u00e9es de sant\u00e9<\/strong><\/a> : les h\u00f4pitaux et compagnies d\u2019assurance sont souvent victimes de cyberattaques, exposant des dossiers m\u00e9dicaux confidentiels.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Solutions possibles<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Chiffrement des donn\u00e9es<\/strong> pour emp\u00eacher tout acc\u00e8s non autoris\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Anonymisation des donn\u00e9es<\/strong> pour \u00e9viter qu\u2019un individu soit identifi\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Renforcement des r\u00e9glementations gouvernementales<\/strong> (comme <a href=\"https:\/\/artificialintelligenceact.eu\/fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>l\u2019AI Act<\/strong><\/a> en Union europ\u00e9enne) pour limiter les abus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/ia-vol-donnees\/\"><b>Notre article sur l\u2019IA et le vol des donn\u00e9es <\/b><\/a><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Les biais algorithmiques et l\u2019\u00e9thique de l\u2019IA \u2696\ufe0f<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Les IA ne sont pas neutres. Elles apprennent \u00e0 partir des donn\u00e9es qu\u2019on leur donne\u2026 et si ces donn\u00e9es sont biais\u00e9es, elles prennent des <strong>d\u00e9cisions injustes<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alors, <strong>comment r\u00e9duire ces biais ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Diversifier les jeux de donn\u00e9es<\/strong> pour \u00e9viter les discriminations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Contr\u00f4ler et auditer les mod\u00e8les d\u2019IA<\/strong> avant leur mise en production.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Impliquer des experts en \u00e9thique et en droits humains<\/strong> dans la conception des algorithmes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udca1 <strong>\u00c0 retenir<\/strong> : Un mod\u00e8le IA est aussi bon que les donn\u00e9es sur lesquelles il a \u00e9t\u00e9 entra\u00een\u00e9. Une donn\u00e9e biais\u00e9e = une IA biais\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/ne-pas-se-faire-avoir-ia\/\"><b>Comment ne pas se faire avoir par l\u2019IA<\/b><\/a><b> ?<\/b><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>La consommation \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique du Big Data et de l\u2019IA \ud83c\udf0d<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019intelligence artificielle est gourmande\u2026 en \u00e9nergie ! Son impact environnemental repose sur plusieurs facteurs :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Consommation d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9<\/strong> \u26a1 : les data centers fonctionnent 24h\/24 et n\u00e9cessitent une \u00e9norme quantit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9nergie.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Refroidissement par l\u2019eau<\/strong> \ud83d\udca7 : pour \u00e9viter la surchauffe des serveurs, des millions de litres d\u2019eau sont utilis\u00e9s pour les refroidir.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Utilisation de min\u00e9raux rares<\/strong> \u26cf\ufe0f : l\u2019extraction de mat\u00e9riaux comme le lithium ou le cobalt pour les infrastructures num\u00e9riques entra\u00eene de la d\u00e9forestation et une pollution importante.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019IA et le Big Data doivent devenir plus <strong>\u00e9co-responsables<\/strong> pour \u00eatre soutenables \u00e0 long terme. On en parle plus dans <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/impact-environnement-ia\/\"><strong>notre article sur&nbsp;l\u2019empreinte de l\u2019IA<\/strong><\/a>. \ud83c\udf31<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"relance\">\n        <div >\n                            <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/professeurs\">\n                    <div class=\"relance__container\"\n                        >\n                        \n                                                        <picture>\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-5.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 999px)\">\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-5.jpg\" media=\"(max-width: 999px)\">\n                                <img decoding=\"async\"\n                                    src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-5.jpg\"\n                                    alt=\"Personne qui donne des cours particuliers\"\n                                >\n                            <\/picture>\n                                                <div class=\"relance__content\">\n                            \n                                <div class=\"relance__title\"> <p><b>Besoin d\u2019un coup de pouce pour tes \u00e9tudes ? Prends un cours particulier avec l\u2019un de nos profs Sherpas !<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <button type=\"button\"\n                                    class=\"relance__button btn btn-white\">\n                                Le premier cours est offert \ud83c\udf81\n                            <\/button>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n    \n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<strong> \ud83c\udfc1<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Le Big Data et l\u2019IA sont aujourd\u2019hui <strong>indissociables<\/strong>. L\u2019IA a besoin de <strong>donn\u00e9es massives pour apprendre<\/strong>, et le Big Data a besoin d\u2019<strong>algorithmes intelligents pour \u00eatre exploit\u00e9 efficacement<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u2705 Ce qu\u2019il faut retenir :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Les donn\u00e9es sont le carburant de l\u2019IA<\/strong> : sans elles, elle ne peut pas fonctionner.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Les avanc\u00e9es technologiques<\/strong> vont encore acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer cette r\u00e9volution.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>L\u2019\u00e9thique et l\u2019impact \u00e9cologique <\/strong>sont des d\u00e9fis majeurs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>On esp\u00e8re que cet article t\u2019a plu ! \ud83c\udf89<strong>Pour aller plus loin<\/strong> : prends un <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/funnel-student-qualification\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/funnel-student-qualification\"><strong>cours particulier avec un prof Sherpas<\/strong><\/a> ! <strong>\ud83c\udf93<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;302925&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;0\\\/5 - (0 vote)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Big Data et IA : une alliance strat\u00e9gique \ud83e\udd1d&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 0px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            <span class=\"kksr-muted\">Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u2019as d\u00e9j\u00e0 entendu parler du Big Data ? Tu te demandes ce que ce concept a \u00e0 voir (&#8230;)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":371,"featured_media":302926,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"footnotes":""},"category":[895,122],"tag":[773],"class_list":["post-302925","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actu-et-societe","category-lifestyle","tag-intelligence-artificielle"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/302925","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/371"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=302925"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/302925\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/302926"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=302925"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category?post=302925"},{"taxonomy":"tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag?post=302925"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}