{"id":275126,"date":"2024-03-06T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-03-06T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/?p=275126"},"modified":"2024-03-01T14:49:12","modified_gmt":"2024-03-01T13:49:12","slug":"naissance-monde-ouvrier","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/naissance-monde-ouvrier\/","title":{"rendered":"De la campagne \u00e0 l\u2019usine : la naissance du monde ouvrier \ud83d\udc77"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Tu veux d\u00e9couvrir comment nous sommes pass\u00e9s de l\u2019artisanat \u00e0 la production de masse ? Alors, tu es au bon endroit ! <strong>Viens d\u00e9couvrir la naissance du monde ouvrier<\/strong> et ce que cela a entra\u00een\u00e9. Enfile ton bleu de travail et allons-y ! \ud83d\udd26<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/v1.Y2lkPTc5MGI3NjExY2l4endiOGtqcW52ZXl5YjZsMmxzMWw5bzI3dDdoajE2dXBvb3JraCZlcD12MV9pbnRlcm5hbF9naWZfYnlfaWQmY3Q9Zw\/3cxB3QnTM7Ux7Odm4m\/giphy-downsized-large.gif\" alt=\"personne s'habillant et se montrant \u00e0 la cam\u00e9ra\" style=\"width:264px;height:auto\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P&#8217;tit contexte historique : la r\u00e9volution Industrielle<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Avant de rentrer dans le vif du sujet, voyons ensemble un petit contexte historique pour poser les bases comme dirait Orelsan ! \ud83c\udfa4<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/v1.Y2lkPTc5MGI3NjExMzJuOXIzMmRhamd3aXh5aGhzanpldmw4MnMzcGtvMmFvd29wMG9pMCZlcD12MV9pbnRlcm5hbF9naWZfYnlfaWQmY3Q9Zw\/Ut8mcPTM9x09P2w1op\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Orelsan qui montre son poing\" style=\"width:280px;height:auto\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">De l\u2019artisanat \u00e0 la production en masse<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Au cours du XVIIIe si\u00e8cle, l&#8217;Europe a \u00e9t\u00e9 le th\u00e9\u00e2tre d&#8217;une transformation \u00e9conomique et sociale majeure connue sous le nom de <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/inventions-du-19e-siecle\/\">r\u00e9volution industrielle<\/a>. Ce mouvement a marqu\u00e9 un tournant d\u00e9cisif dans l&#8217;histoire, <strong>passant d&#8217;une \u00e9conomie principalement agricole et artisanale \u00e0 une \u00e9conomie tr\u00e8s industrielle. \ud83c\udfed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 cette \u00e9poque, de nombreuses innovations technologiques ont \u00e9merg\u00e9, r\u00e9volutionnant les processus de fabrication. Il y a par exemple eu :<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"list-formatted\">\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83e\udde0\">\n            <span>\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>L&#8217;invention de la machine \u00e0 vapeur :<\/strong> elle a permis d&#8217;alimenter les usines et les machines, augmentant consid\u00e9rablement la productivit\u00e9.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83e\udde0\">\n            <span>\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Le d\u00e9veloppement du m\u00e9tier \u00e0 tisser m\u00e9canique :<\/strong> elles ont transform\u00e9 la fa\u00e7on dont les biens \u00e9taient produits.<\/span><\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n    \n\n\n\n<p>Ces progr\u00e8s technologiques ont favoris\u00e9 <strong>l&#8217;\u00e9mergence de la production de masse<\/strong>, o\u00f9 les biens pouvaient \u00eatre fabriqu\u00e9s en grandes quantit\u00e9s de mani\u00e8re rapide et \u00e9conomique.<strong> La division du travail a \u00e9t\u00e9 encourag\u00e9e<\/strong>, avec des travailleurs sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s dans des t\u00e2ches sp\u00e9cifiques, permettant une grande efficacit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>Le sujet t&#8217;int\u00e9resse ? <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\ud83d\ude09<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alors on te conseille de regarder <strong>\u201cLes temps modernes\u201d de Charlie Chaplin ! \ud83e\udd78<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/v1.Y2lkPTc5MGI3NjExdThjMWg5MW5tNWF2amU0bmcwdDNjMWVnNmxuc21lMHV5NWlhaThvZyZlcD12MV9pbnRlcm5hbF9naWZfYnlfaWQmY3Q9Zw\/eBeyBv0zcio7CxdyI4\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Charlie Chaplin qui danse\" style=\"width:316px;height:auto\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>En fin de compte, cela a profond\u00e9ment transform\u00e9 la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 occidentale, ouvrant la voie \u00e0 une \u00e8re de d\u00e9veloppement industriel sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent. <strong>Cette transition a marqu\u00e9 le d\u00e9but d&#8217;une nouvelle \u00e8re \u00e9conomique, sociale et technologique.<\/strong> Eh oui.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycz9zaWdudXA9dHJ1ZQ==\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;#8217; global #1 = CPG1\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jeanne2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jeanne<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Simon2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Simon<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">4e ann\u00e9e de m\u00e9decine<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fanny2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Fanny<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Ponts ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Alma2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Alma<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris-Saclay<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Emilie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Emilie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Cle\u0301mence2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Cl\u00e9mence<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Martin2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Martin<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">23\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Margot2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Margot<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Arts et M\u00e9tiers ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">22\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Ton premier cours particulier est offert ! <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\ud83c\udf81\">\ud83c\udf81<\/span><!-- notionvc: 91b6b7d7-50f2-46f4-ae1f-ecbabe834aad --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont pass\u00e9s par les meilleures \u00e9coles et universit\u00e9s.<!-- notionvc: 21bb66b6-b36d-4ce8-8950-173722d75a1e --><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: #ffffff; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        J&#8217;EN PROFITE MAINTENANT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La naissance des cit\u00e9s ouvri\u00e8res<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Qui dit transition, dit transition sociale. En effet, tout cet engouement a amen\u00e9 la cr\u00e9ation des cit\u00e9s ouvri\u00e8res. On t\u2019explique tout \u00e7a !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La naissance de ces cit\u00e9s est un chapitre essentiel de l&#8217;histoire industrielle et sociale, marquant une p\u00e9riode de transformation majeure avec l\u2019arriv\u00e9e des modes de vie urbains. \ud83c\udfd8\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>Le savais-tu ? <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\ud83d\udca1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Entre 1865 et 1880, les 29 fours \u00e0 chaux en activit\u00e9 \u00e0 Louvern\u00e9 emploient 500 ouvriers. <strong>Ces 500 ouvriers vivaient ensemble cr\u00e9ant ainsi une v\u00e9ritable petite communaut\u00e9 !<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Avec l&#8217;\u00e9mergence de l&#8217;industrialisation, <strong>les populations rurales ont couru vers les zones urbaines \u00e0 la recherche d&#8217;emplois dans les usines.<\/strong> Cela a entra\u00een\u00e9 une croissance rapide des villes, souvent sans infrastructure ad\u00e9quate pour accueillir la nouvelle main-d&#8217;\u0153uvre. Il a donc fallu r\u00e9soudre le probl\u00e8me.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 cette demande de logement, <strong>les employeurs ou les entrepreneurs industriels ont souvent construit des cit\u00e9s \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 des usines.<\/strong> Ces cit\u00e9s \u00e9taient g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement constitu\u00e9es de logements basiques, regroup\u00e9s autour des usines, et souvent sous le contr\u00f4le direct des employeurs.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>Le savais-tu ? <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\ud83d\udca1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Les cit\u00e9s ouvri\u00e8res \u00e9taient souvent con\u00e7ues de mani\u00e8re \u00e0 permettre aux employeurs de maintenir un contr\u00f4le \u00e9troit sur la vie de leurs travailleurs. Par exemple, <strong>les loyers pouvaient \u00eatre d\u00e9duits directement des salaires. \ud83d\ude2c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/v1.Y2lkPTc5MGI3NjExdWN5OHdkdnJ1bmkxM2J6aGdjZGNjcGsxZnFmYzRwZXFnYmprMjFzMyZlcD12MV9pbnRlcm5hbF9naWZfYnlfaWQmY3Q9Zw\/67ThRZlYBvibtdF9JH\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Bugs Bunny qui compte des billets\" style=\"width:312px;height:auto\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<section class=\"relance\">\n        <div >\n                            <a  href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/histoire\">\n                    <div class=\"relance__container\"\n                        >\n                        \n                                                        <picture>\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-5.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 999px)\">\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-5.jpg\" media=\"(max-width: 999px)\">\n                                <img decoding=\"async\"\n                                    src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-5.jpg\"\n                                    alt=\"Personne qui donne des cours particuliers\"\n                                >\n                            <\/picture>\n                                                <div class=\"relance__content\">\n                            \n                                <div class=\"relance__title\"> <p>Besoin d&#8217;un cours de soutien avec un professeur d&#8217;histoire ?<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\ud83d\ude42<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <button type=\"button\"\n                                    class=\"relance__button btn btn-white\">\n                                Viens prendre ton cours juste ici !\n                            <\/button>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n    \n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L&#8217;\u00e9mergence d\u2019une nouvelle classe sociale<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Comme dit pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment, tous ces mouvements ont amen\u00e9 un gros changement social. Nous avons pu apercevoir l\u2019\u00e9mergence d\u2019une nouvelle classe sociale, le prol\u00e9tariat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le prol\u00e9tariat, k\u00e9sako ?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Aujourd\u2019hui, le mot prol\u00e9taire ou m\u00eame \u201cprolo\u201d (si tu es un peu plus vulgaire), est un terme assez p\u00e9joratif que tu peux utiliser \u00e0 l\u2019encontre d\u2019une personne. <strong>Alors qu\u2019\u00e0 la base, ce surnom provient de cette nouvelle classe sociale \u00e9mergente.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>Bon \u00e0 savoir ! <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\ud83d\ude09<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Historiquement, le terme &#8220;prol\u00e9tariat&#8221; est \u00e9troitement associ\u00e9 \u00e0 la th\u00e9orie marxiste. Selon la perspective de Karl Marx, <strong>le prol\u00e9tariat constitue la classe sociale la plus nombreuse et la plus exploit\u00e9e de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 capitaliste.<\/strong> Joie. <\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Le prol\u00e9tariat comprend une gamme diversifi\u00e9e de travailleurs :<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"list-formatted\">\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83d\udc77\">\n            <span>\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ouvriers d&#8217;usine ;\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83d\udc77\">\n            <span>\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Employ\u00e9s de service ;<\/span><\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83d\udc77\">\n            <span>\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/agriculture\/\">Travailleurs agricoles<\/a> saisonniers ;<\/span><\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83d\udc77\">\n            <span>\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Travailleurs ind\u00e9pendants pr\u00e9caires.<\/span><\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n    \n\n\n\n<p>Bien que le prol\u00e9tariat soit souvent associ\u00e9 \u00e0 la classe ouvri\u00e8re industrielle, il englobe \u00e9galement des travailleurs des secteurs tertiaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Petite parenth\u00e8se ! Aurais-tu besoin <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/histoire\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/histoire\">d\u2019aide sur tes devoirs avec l&#8217;un de nos professeurs d&#8217;histoire<\/a> ? Car nos Sherpas sont disponibles, rien que pour toi !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Une lutte pour les droits<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Eh oui, qui dit le domaine ouvrier, dit mouvements sociaux. <strong>Ayant des conditions assez d\u00e9plorables en termes de travail et de vie, cette classe \u00e0 d\u00fb s&#8217;armer pour se d\u00e9fendre !<\/strong> \ud83e\uddbe<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/v1.Y2lkPTc5MGI3NjExdzEwNDhyNXd1djdpMGcyNmVmOHJ3enV5ZmFuaGxvYmdzeWdod2V6YiZlcD12MV9pbnRlcm5hbF9naWZfYnlfaWQmY3Q9Zw\/eF12azPYD48dpSDZAP\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"castors qui sont excit\u00e9s\" style=\"width:240px;height:auto\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les mouvements sociaux<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Les mouvements sociaux au sein du monde ouvrier ont jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le crucial dans l&#8217;histoire moderne. Eh oui,<strong> cela a permis de fa\u00e7onner les conditions de travail, les droits des travailleurs et les normes sociales dans de nombreuses soci\u00e9t\u00e9s.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les premiers mouvements sociaux ont \u00e9merg\u00e9 \u00e0 la fin du XVIIIe et au d\u00e9but du XIXe si\u00e8cle, comme la R\u00e9volution fran\u00e7aise par exemple. Comme \u00e9voqu\u00e9 pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment, c\u2019\u00e9tait en r\u00e9ponse aux conditions de travail d\u00e9plorables et \u00e0 l&#8217;exploitation dans les premi\u00e8res usines industrielles. <strong>Ces mouvements comprenaient <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/droit-de-greve\/\">des gr\u00e8ves<\/a> ou encore des manifestations.<\/strong> Cela visait \u00e0 revendiquer des <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/negocier-salaire\/\">salaires plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s<\/a>, des conditions de travail meilleures et des r\u00e9formes sociales. \ud83c\udf89<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Quelle est la diff\u00e9rence entre une gr\u00e8ve et une manifestation ? <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\ud83e\uddd0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Une manifestation est une <strong>r\u00e9union organis\u00e9e sur la voie publique<\/strong> dans le but d&#8217;exprimer une conviction de mani\u00e8re collective. Une gr\u00e8ve est <strong>la cessation de toute activit\u00e9 professionnelle<\/strong> afin d&#8217;exprimer un m\u00e9contentement. Cela-dit, une gr\u00e8ve peut \u00eatre accompagn\u00e9e d\u2019une manifestation et inversement !<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Au XIXe si\u00e8cle, les ouvriers ont men\u00e9 des campagnes pour r\u00e9duire la dur\u00e9e de la journ\u00e9e de travail, qui \u00e9tait souvent excessive et pouvait atteindre jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 12 heures par jour, rien que \u00e7a. <strong>Ces luttes ont abouti \u00e0 la revendication de la journ\u00e9e de travail de huit heures,<\/strong> symbolis\u00e9e par des \u00e9v\u00e9nements tels que la gr\u00e8ve de Haymarket \u00e0 Chicago en 1886. Ce fut une grande victoire pour les ouvriers ! \ud83d\ude01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Voici \u00e9galement un exemple fran\u00e7ais. En 1947, de nombreuses gr\u00e8ves, notamment chez Renault, conduisent \u00e0 la sortie des ministres communistes du gouvernement. Les mouvements conduits par la CGT se multiplient apr\u00e8s cela chez Citro\u00ebn, \u00e0 la SNCF, dans les banques, dans les grands magasins, etc. <strong>Le principal motif des gr\u00e8ves est la revendication de hausse des salaires.<\/strong> \ud83c\uddeb\ud83c\uddf7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Autre point important, le mouvement ouvrier s&#8217;est rapidement internationalis\u00e9 au cours du XIXe et du XXe si\u00e8cle. <strong>Des organisations telles que l&#8217;Internationale ouvri\u00e8re ont vu le jour. <\/strong>Celle-ci visait \u00e0 coordonner les efforts des travailleurs \u00e0 travers le monde pour obtenir des r\u00e9formes sociales et \u00e9conomiques. \ud83e\udd11<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycz9zaWdudXA9dHJ1ZQ==\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;#8217; global #2 = CPG2\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Cle\u0301mence2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Cl\u00e9mence<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Thibault2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Thibault<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris Ulm<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">20\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Sophie2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Sophie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Bordeaux<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">12\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Noemie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">No\u00e9mie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">M2 en droit \u00e0 Assas<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fanny2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Fanny<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Ponts ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Simon2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Simon<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">4e ann\u00e9e de m\u00e9decine<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Nicolas2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Nicolas<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">CentraleSup\u00e9lec<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin d&#8217;un prof particulier ? <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><!-- notionvc: 9b5ed38b-ea2e-4d3c-a3bb-f0091c2eedd2 --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont l\u00e0 pour t&#8217;aider \u00e0 progresser !<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!-- notionvc: 20490bdd-6579-484b-9d99-0ff0bc1aa8e7 --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS GRATUIT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les syndicats<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Le syndicalisme est devenu un \u00e9l\u00e9ment central des mouvements ouvriers au XIXe si\u00e8cle. <strong>Ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9s pour repr\u00e9senter les int\u00e9r\u00eats collectifs des travailleurs<\/strong> et ont souvent men\u00e9 des luttes pour obtenir des droits syndicaux. Ces droits sont par exemple :<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"list-formatted\">\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83d\udc4f\">\n            <span>\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">N\u00e9gocier collectivement avec les employeurs ;<\/span><\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83d\udc4f\">\n            <span>\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Le droit de gr\u00e8ve ;<\/span><\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83d\udc4f\">\n            <span>\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Conditions de travail plus justes.<\/span><\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n    \n\n\n\n<p>Mais sinon, allons un peu plus dans le d\u00e9tail pour savoir ce qu\u2019est r\u00e9ellement un syndicat !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ils servent de voix collective pour les travailleurs<\/strong> et d\u00e9fendent leurs droits et int\u00e9r\u00eats aupr\u00e8s des employeurs ou encore des gouvernements. Ils n\u00e9gocient des conventions collectives et des accords avec les employeurs pour \u00e9tablir des salaires, des horaires de travail, des avantages sociaux ou encore des conditions de travail \u00e9quitables.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>Le savais-tu ? <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\ud83d\udca1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>La CGT<\/strong> (Conf\u00e9d\u00e9ration G\u00e9n\u00e9rale du Travail) est l&#8217;une des principales organisations syndicales en France. Fond\u00e9e en 1895 lors du Congr\u00e8s de Limoges, la CGT est historiquement li\u00e9e au mouvement ouvrier et a jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le majeur dans la d\u00e9fense des int\u00e9r\u00eats des travailleurs fran\u00e7ais.<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le Front populaire, un mouvement qui a chang\u00e9 l\u2019histoire<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>En \u00e9voquant la lutte pour les droits des travailleurs, nous \u00e9tions oblig\u00e9s d\u2019\u00e9voquer \u201cLe Front Populaire\u201d. <strong>Il fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 une coalition politique de gauche qui a \u00e9merg\u00e9 en France dans les ann\u00e9es 1930.<\/strong> Ce mouvement politique regroupe principalement trois partis : le Parti Communiste Fran\u00e7ais (PCF), la Section Fran\u00e7aise de l&#8217;Internationale Ouvri\u00e8re(SFIO) et le Parti Radical-Socialiste.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le Front Populaire a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9 en r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 la mont\u00e9e du fascisme en Europe et \u00e0 la Grande D\u00e9pression qui avait plong\u00e9 de nombreux pays dans une crise \u00e9conomique profonde.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L&#8217;une des r\u00e9alisations les plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bres du Front Populaire a \u00e9t\u00e9<strong> la victoire \u00e9lectorale de mai 1936<\/strong>, qui a port\u00e9 <strong>L\u00e9on Blum, leader de la SFIO<\/strong> (Section Fran\u00e7aise de l&#8217;Internationale Ouvri\u00e8re), au poste de <strong>Premier ministre<\/strong>. Le gouvernement dirig\u00e9 par Blum a mis en \u0153uvre plusieurs r\u00e9formes sociales importantes :<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"list-formatted\">\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83d\udcd1\">\n            <span>\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">La semaine de travail de 40 heures,<\/span><\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83d\udcd1\">\n            <span>\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cong\u00e9s pay\u00e9s,<\/span><\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83d\udcd1\">\n            <span>\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Conventions collectives pour les travailleurs.<\/span><\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n    \n\n\n\n<p>Cependant, le Front Populaire a \u00e9t\u00e9 de courte dur\u00e9e. Les divisions id\u00e9ologiques entre ses membres et les pressions de la droite ont conduit \u00e0 des tensions internes. <strong>Le gouvernement de L\u00e9on Blum a finalement d\u00e9missionn\u00e9 en 1937<\/strong>, marquant la fin du Front Populaire en tant que coalition au pouvoir\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alors, est ce que tu comprends un peu mieux ce qu\u2019est le monde ouvrier ? Si ce n\u2019est pas le cas, un de nos professeurs d\u2019histoire pourrait <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\">t\u2019aider pendant un cours de soutien en ligne.<\/a> \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Si ce sujet t\u2019as int\u00e9ress\u00e9 tu peux toujours aller lire nos articles sur le <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/fordisme\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/fordisme\/\">fordisme<\/a> et la <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/revolution-industrielle\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/revolution-industrielle\/\">r\u00e9volution industrielle<\/a> par exemple. Cela sera un bon compl\u00e9ment pour d\u00e9velopper le sujet. \ud83d\ude09<br>Sur ces belles paroles, on se dit \u00e0 la prochaine, <em>ciao<\/em> !<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;275126&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;0\\\/5 - (0 vote)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;De la campagne \u00e0 l\u2019usine : la naissance du monde ouvrier \ud83d\udc77&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 0px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            <span class=\"kksr-muted\">Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tu veux d\u00e9couvrir comment nous sommes pass\u00e9s de l\u2019artisanat \u00e0 la production de masse ? Alors, tu es (&#8230;)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":358,"featured_media":275144,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"category":[803,807,821],"tag":[746],"class_list":["post-275126","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apprendre-matiere","category-culture-generale-2","category-histoire","tag-la-veritable-histoire"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/275126","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/358"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=275126"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/275126\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/275144"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=275126"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category?post=275126"},{"taxonomy":"tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag?post=275126"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}