{"id":269120,"date":"2026-10-27T10:50:10","date_gmt":"2026-10-27T09:50:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/?p=269120"},"modified":"2026-10-29T14:38:44","modified_gmt":"2026-10-29T13:38:44","slug":"al-andalus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/al-andalus\/","title":{"rendered":"Al-Andalus, la terre aux trois religions \u231b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Tu veux d\u00e9velopper tes <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/histoire\">connaissances historiques<\/a> sur l\u2019Al-Andalus, la partie musulmane de la p\u00e9ninsule Ib\u00e9rique au Moyen \u00c2ge ? Tu appr\u00e9cies l\u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/guerre-despagne\/\">Espagne<\/a> ? <strong>Tu ne connais pas l\u2019Al-Andalus<\/strong> ? \ud83d\ude31 Pas de panique ! La <em>team<\/em> Sherpas est l\u00e0 pour te pr\u00e9senter l\u2019<strong>histoire de cette terre aux trois <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/la-religion-grecque\/\">religions<\/a><\/strong>. Au menu : une d\u00e9finition simple, l\u2019origine de son nom, un r\u00e9sum\u00e9 de son histoire de 711 \u00e0 1492 et le vrai visage de sa fameuse tol\u00e9rance. Alors, tu es pr\u00eat ? C\u2019est parti ! \ud83d\ude80<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video aligncenter\"><video autoplay loop muted playsinline poster=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/al-andalus-gif-1-poster.webp\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/al-andalus-gif-1.mp4\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 480 \/ 360;max-width:100%;width:378px;height:auto\" aria-label=\"Mec qui l\u00e8ve sa canette et finit pat s'envoler. \"><\/video><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"lal-andalus-cest-quoi-definition-et-signification\">L\u2019Al-Andalus, c\u2019est quoi ? D\u00e9finition et signification \ud83e\udd2f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Al-Andalus, c\u2019est le nom que les musulmans donnaient aux territoires de la p\u00e9ninsule Ib\u00e9rique plac\u00e9s sous leur domination, de la conqu\u00eate de 711 \u00e0 la chute de Grenade en 1492. Son \u00e9tendue a beaucoup vari\u00e9 au fil du temps. D\u2019ailleurs, cette partie de l\u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/parents\/a\/programme-histoire-geo-premiere\/\">histoire<\/a> a pris place<strong> du 8e au 15e si\u00e8cle<\/strong>. \u00c7a a dur\u00e9 quelque temps quoi.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"al-andalus-quelle-signification\">Al-Andalus, quelle signification ?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Le nom al-Andalus (on \u00e9crit aussi al-Andalous ou el-Andalus) garde une part de myst\u00e8re : les historiens ne s\u2019accordent pas sur son origine. Une vieille hypoth\u00e8se le rattache aux Vandales, un peuple germanique pass\u00e9 par la p\u00e9ninsule avant de gagner l\u2019Afrique du Nord au Ve si\u00e8cle, mais elle reste discut\u00e9e. D\u2019autres hypoth\u00e8ses existent, mais aucune ne fait l\u2019unanimit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le sens du mot a ensuite suivi l\u2019histoire du territoire : plus les musulmans perdaient de terres, plus le nom d\u00e9signait une zone r\u00e9duite. Aujourd\u2019hui, son h\u00e9riti\u00e8re, l\u2019Andalousie, correspond aux huit provinces du sud de l\u2019Espagne, avec S\u00e9ville, Cordoue et Grenade. D\u2019o\u00f9 le lien direct entre l\u2019histoire de l\u2019Andalousie et celle d\u2019al-Andalus.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>Une grande p\u00e9ninsule \ud83d\ude0e<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">La p\u00e9ninsule ib\u00e9rique comporte plusieurs pays, tels que ;\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">l\u2019Espagne ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">le Portugal ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">l\u2019Andorre ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gibraltar ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">la France.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00c9videmment, elle ne concerne que certains territoires fran\u00e7ais, et plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment ceux coll\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019Espagne !\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Toutefois, on peut affirmer une chose : cette domination <strong>a apport\u00e9 une influence socioculturelle <\/strong>ayant profond\u00e9ment marqu\u00e9 l\u2019Espagne\u2026 Au point qu\u2019on en retrouve encore des traces, <strong>surtout au niveau de l\u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/trouver-ta-voie\/orientation\/\">architecture<\/a><\/strong>. Aussi, si tu veux en savoir plus sur tout \u00e7a, n\u2019h\u00e9site pas \u00e0 prendre des <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/sociologie\">cours particuliers de sociologie<\/a> !&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Une longue p\u00e9riode \u23f2\ufe0f<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">L\u2019histoire d\u2019Al-Andalus s\u2019\u00e9tend sur une p\u00e9riode assez longue. Et pour \u00eatre plus pr\u00e9cis que les si\u00e8cles \u00e9nonc\u00e9s pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment, on peut te dire qu\u2019elle commence en 711 pour se terminer en 1492.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Par ailleurs, on parle souvent de l\u2019Al-Andalus pour sa <strong>grande tol\u00e9rance envers les autres religions pratiqu\u00e9es sur sa terre<\/strong>. Pourtant, on va voir plus bas que ce n\u2019est pas tout \u00e0 fait \u00e7a\u2026 \ud83d\udc40&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mais en attendant, on va se pencher sur la partie historique, car c\u2019est la base.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9mdW5uZWwtc3R1ZGVudC1xdWFsaWZpY2F0aW9u\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part\u2019 global #2 = CPG2\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div 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class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Sophie2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Sophie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Bordeaux<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">22\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Noemie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">No\u00e9mie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">M2 en droit \u00e0 Assas<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">29\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fanny2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Fanny<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Ponts ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">29\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Simon2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Simon<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">4e ann\u00e9e de m\u00e9decine<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Nicolas2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Nicolas<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">CentraleSup\u00e9lec<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">27\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin d&rsquo;un prof particulier ? <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><!-- notionvc: 9b5ed38b-ea2e-4d3c-a3bb-f0091c2eedd2 --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont l\u00e0 pour t&rsquo;aider \u00e0 progresser !<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!-- notionvc: 20490bdd-6579-484b-9d99-0ff0bc1aa8e7 --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS OFFERT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"al-andalus-resume-de-son-histoire-de-711-a-1492\">Al-Andalus : r\u00e9sum\u00e9 de son histoire, de 711 \u00e0 1492 \ud83d\udc51<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019histoire d\u2019al-Andalus tient en quelques grandes \u00e9tapes : la conqu\u00eate \u00e0 partir de 711, l\u2019\u00e9mirat omeyyade de Cordoue en 756, le califat proclam\u00e9 en 929, puis l\u2019\u00e9clatement en royaumes de <strong>taifas en 1031<\/strong>. Viennent ensuite les Almoravides, <strong>les Almohades et enfin le royaume nasride de Grenade<\/strong>, qui tombe le 2 janvier 1492.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est parti pour un petit saut en arri\u00e8re, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire au 8e si\u00e8cle. \u00c0 cette \u00e9poque, la p\u00e9ninsule ib\u00e9rique est d\u00e9j\u00e0 sous la domination du royaume wisigoth, fond\u00e9 par un peuple germanique appartenant \u00e0 la branche des Goths.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cependant, apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 700,<strong> les forces musulmanes du berb\u00e8re Tariq ibn Ziyad viennent<\/strong> semer le trouble<strong>.<\/strong> Cette invasion provoque <strong>la chute du royaume wisigoth en 711, lors de la bataille d\u00e9cisive de Guadalete<\/strong>. En quelques ann\u00e9es, la majeure partie de la p\u00e9ninsule <strong>passe sous domination musulmane<\/strong> : c\u2019est la naissance d\u2019al-Andalus.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">La ville la plus importante \u2728<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">En 716, la ville de Cordoue devient la capitale des terres musulmanes, car le gouvernement s\u2019y installe. Et cette ville est \u00e9videmment situ\u00e9e dans l\u2019Al-Andalus !\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">On a eu chaud \ud83d\udd25<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Les forces musulmanes ont aussi tent\u00e9 de s\u2019\u00e9tendre un peu plus au nord de la France. Mais elles ont essuy\u00e9 une d\u00e9faite en 732 \u00e0 Poitiers. Les forces se retirent alors de plusieurs villes conquises, comme Narbonne, reprise par les Francs de P\u00e9pin le Bref en 759, afin de se concentrer dans le sud du territoire. <\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Quelques ann\u00e9es plus tard, en 756, <strong>\u2018Abd al-Rahman Ier, un prince omeyyade qui a fui l\u2019Orient apr\u00e8s la chute de sa dynastie, arrive au pouvoir<\/strong> et se proclame \u00e9mir : c\u2019est le<strong> d\u00e9but de l\u2019\u00e9mirat omeyyade de Cordoue<\/strong>. Durant le si\u00e8cle suivant, les \u00e9mirs se succ\u00e8dent et des tensions naissent sur le territoire. Et ce \u00e0 tel point que des discordes et des guerres civiles \u00e9clatent ! \ud83d\udca5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00e9anmoins, <strong>un homme comprend la situation<\/strong> et va s\u2019en servir pour arriver au pouvoir en 912 : <strong>il s\u2019agit d\u2019Abd al-Rahman III<\/strong>. En 929, il se proclame calife et instaure ce qu\u2019on appelle<strong> le califat omeyyade<\/strong> de Cordoue, qui durera jusqu\u2019en 1031. Son r\u00e8gne <strong>remet de l\u2019ordre dans le pays<\/strong> : il vient \u00e0 bout des r\u00e9voltes qui le divisaient, dont celle de Bobastro, prise en 928. \ud83d\ude0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Car oui, c\u2019est bel et bien durant le califat omeyyade que <strong>l\u2019Al-Andalus commence \u00e0 forger sa l\u00e9gendaire r\u00e9putation de terre aux trois religions<\/strong>. La raison ? La politique du calife est de pacifier et unifier le territoire, et ce qu\u2019importe la religion de ses citoyens. On ne va pas s\u2019en plaindre !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f4t\u00e9 culture, cette p\u00e9riode laisse un h\u00e9ritage qu\u2019on voit encore aujourd\u2019hui. La Grande Mosqu\u00e9e de Cordoue, dont la construction commence en 785, en est le symbole. Les chr\u00e9tiens arabis\u00e9s, qu\u2019on appelle les mozarabes, y vivent aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s des musulmans et des juifs.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C\u2019est quoi la diff\u00e9rence ? \ud83e\udd14<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Signifiant \u00ab celui qui ordonne \u00bb en arabe, <\/span><b>un \u00e9mir est un titre port\u00e9 par les personnes les plus importantes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, comme les gouverneurs, ministres, ou encore militaires. Il est cens\u00e9 \u00eatre soumis au calife, cependant il lui arrive aussi de r\u00e9gner de mani\u00e8re ind\u00e9pendante.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Signifiant \u00ab le successeur \u00bb en arabe, <\/span><b>un calife est une personne choisie pour gouverner les croyants puis, par la suite, l\u2019empire islamique<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> de mani\u00e8re plus globale. Elle est cens\u00e9e \u00eatre la rel\u00e8ve du proph\u00e8te Mohamed \u00e0 la suite de sa mort en 632.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">En bref, le second p\u00e8se plus quoi.<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Ainsi, on se retrouve avec une Al-Andalus <strong>alliant \u00e0 la fois des personnes de confession musulmane, juive ou encore chr\u00e9tienne<\/strong>. Pour autant, le califat ne vit pas coup\u00e9 du monde : il m\u00e8ne des guerres contre les royaumes chr\u00e9tiens du Nord <strong>et dispute le Maghreb aux Fatimides<\/strong>, au point de prendre Ceuta puis Tanger.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pourtant, suite \u00e0 son apog\u00e9e, on peut dire que les choses se cassent bien la figure :<strong> les tensions remontent<\/strong>, provoquant une fracture du califat en 1031<strong>. La terre d\u2019Al-Andalus est ainsi s\u00e9par\u00e9e en de multiples \u00e9mirats, qui sont appel\u00e9s les taifas<\/strong>. Ces derniers correspondent \u00e0 des petits royaumes ind\u00e9pendants, en gros.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>L\u2019ascension de la taifa de S\u00e9ville \ud83d\udc51<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">En 1023, la taifa de S\u00e9ville est fond\u00e9e. Comme on peut le deviner, la capitale de ce royaume est la c\u00e9l\u00e8bre ville du m\u00eame nom.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Plus tard, sous la dynastie des Abbadides, la taifa s\u2019\u00e9tend sur une bonne partie du sud-ouest de la p\u00e9ninsule, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019Algarve, et s\u2019empare m\u00eame de Cordoue en 1071. S\u00e9ville devient alors l\u2019une des villes qui p\u00e8sent le plus dans al-Andalus, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 sa prise par les Almoravides en 1091.<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Suite \u00e0 ces changements assez drastiques, on peut admettre que <strong>les territoires se trouvent fragilis\u00e9s<\/strong>. Leur passe-temps est de se taper dessus, et <strong>\u00e7a ne loupe pas aux yeux des chr\u00e9tiens du nord,<\/strong> qui se disent que c\u2019est plut\u00f4t pas mal comme ambiance. Surtout<strong> pour reconqu\u00e9rir des terres<\/strong>. \ud83e\udd88<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Du coup, tout ce beau monde chr\u00e9tien entreprend <strong>ce qu\u2019on appelle plus commun\u00e9ment la <em><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/mediterranee-medievale\/\">Reconquista<\/a><\/em><\/strong>, qui est une s\u00e9rie de campagnes militaires visant \u00e0 reprendre la p\u00e9ninsule ib\u00e9rique aux musulmans. Et c\u2019est ce qui arrive, provoquant ainsi la disparition progressive de l\u2019Al-Andalus.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"la-fin-dal-andalus-des-almoravides-a-la-chute-de-grenade\">La fin d\u2019al-Andalus : des Almoravides \u00e0 la chute de Grenade<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>La fin d\u2019al-Andalus est un long recul \u00e9tal\u00e9 sur quatre si\u00e8cles. Apr\u00e8s la prise de Tol\u00e8de par Alphonse VI de Castille en 1085, les Almoravides, des Berb\u00e8res venus du Maghreb, d\u00e9barquent dans la p\u00e9ninsule : ils battent Alphonse VI \u00e0 Zallaqa en 1086, puis absorbent une \u00e0 une les taifas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Au XIIe si\u00e8cle, une autre dynastie berb\u00e8re, les Almohades, prend le relais et fait de S\u00e9ville sa capitale dans la p\u00e9ninsule. Le philosophe Averro\u00e8s sert d\u2019ailleurs de conseiller au calife almohade al-Mansur. Leur d\u00e9faite \u00e0 Las Navas de Tolosa, en 1212, face \u00e0 une coalition de rois chr\u00e9tiens, ouvre la route de Cordoue (1236) et de S\u00e9ville (1248).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Seul le royaume nasride de Grenade, fond\u00e9 dans les ann\u00e9es 1230, tient encore plus de deux si\u00e8cles. Ses \u00e9mirs y font b\u00e2tir l\u2019Alhambra, le palais-forteresse qui domine la ville. Son dernier souverain, Boabdil, finit par remettre Grenade aux Rois Catholiques.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>La date clef \ud83d\udd11<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>La fin de la domination musulmane arrive plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment le 2 janvier 1492, lors de la prise de la derni\u00e8re cit\u00e9 musulmane, Grenade, par les Rois Catholiques Ferdinand II d\u2019Aragon et Isabelle I de Castille. <\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Bref, on peut en conclure que la p\u00e9ninsule ib\u00e9rique a eu une histoire assez compl\u00e8te. En effet, <strong>ces divers \u00e9v\u00e9nements ont permis de forger la l\u00e9gende autour d\u2019Al-Andalus<\/strong>. Pour autant, <strong>est-ce que cette derni\u00e8re est v\u00e9ritable ?<\/strong> C\u2019est ce qu\u2019on va voir tout de suite ! \ud83d\ude0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video aligncenter\"><video autoplay loop muted playsinline poster=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/al-andalus-gif-2-poster.webp\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/al-andalus-gif-2.mp4\" width=\"376\" height=\"362\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 376 \/ 362;max-width:100%;width:377px;height:auto\" aria-label=\"Mec qui r\u00e9fl\u00e9chit un peu trop \u00e0 sa vie. \"><\/video><\/figure>\n\n\n<section class=\"relance\">\n        <div >\n                            <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/funnel-student-qualification\">\n                    <div class=\"relance__container\"\n                        >\n                        \n                                                        <picture>\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-2.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 999px)\">\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-2.jpg\" media=\"(max-width: 999px)\">\n                                <img decoding=\"async\"\n                                    src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-2.jpg\"\n                                    alt=\"Personne qui donne des cours particuliers\"\n                                >\n                            <\/picture>\n                                                <div class=\"relance__content\">\n                            \n                                <div class=\"relance__title\"> <p>Tu souhaites d\u00e9velopper tes comp\u00e9tences au max ? Alors trouve ton prof particulier chez les Sherpas !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <button type=\"button\"\n                                    class=\"relance__button btn btn-white\">\n                                Le premier cours est gratuit !\n                            <\/button>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n    \n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"al-andalus-et-la-religion-une-terre-vraiment-tolerante\">Al-Andalus et la religion : une terre vraiment tol\u00e9rante ? \ud83e\udd14<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pas vraiment, du moins pas au sens o\u00f9 on l\u2019entend aujourd\u2019hui. Juifs et chr\u00e9tiens, appel\u00e9s dhimmis, pouvaient garder leur foi en \u00e9change d\u2019un imp\u00f4t et d\u2019une protection, mais restaient des sujets de second rang. Les historiens parlent plut\u00f4t d\u2019une cohabitation, souvent paisible et parfois tendue : la fameuse convivencia des trois religions est aujourd\u2019hui tr\u00e8s nuanc\u00e9e.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bah en vrai, si on se penche sur des articles retra\u00e7ant l\u2019histoire, <strong>la r\u00e9ponse est non<\/strong>. Genre on peut tr\u00e8s bien retrouver des textes disant ouvertement qu\u2019il y a de la tol\u00e9rance, mais on ne peut pas mentir sur le fait que <strong>ce terme cachait en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 pas mal de discriminations envers ce qu\u2019on appelle les \u00ab gens du Livre \u00bb<\/strong>. Tu l\u2019auras compris, on parle ici des chr\u00e9tiens et des juifs.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Par exemple, l\u2019une des raisons de la r\u00e9putation de l\u2019<em>Al-Andalus <\/em>provient du fait que les gens du Livre ne doivent pas \u00eatre forc\u00e9s \u00e0 se convertir \u00e0 l\u2019islam. Cela est <strong>d\u00fb \u00e0 l\u2019existence du pacte de la <\/strong><strong><em>dhimma<\/em><\/strong>, qui leur garantit une protection en \u00e9change d\u2019un imp\u00f4t sp\u00e9cial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Du coup, <strong>on s\u2019est mis \u00e0 dire que la p\u00e9ninsule ib\u00e9rique est tol\u00e9rante<\/strong>, car c\u2019est un peu ce qu\u2019on demande aux citoyens. Cependant, ce respect cache une contrepartie, comme le montre le dossier<a href=\"https:\/\/www.histoire-et-civilisations.com\/thematiques\/moyen-age\/al-andalus-le-mythe-du-paradis-perdu-2556.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> <em>Al-Andalus<\/em> : le mythe du paradis perdu<\/a> du magazine Histoire &amp; Civilisations. Pour les historiens, <strong>le mot \u00ab tol\u00e9rance \u00bb est d\u2019ailleurs anachronique<\/strong> pour cette p\u00e9riode : on parle plut\u00f4t d\u2019une cohabitation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>De ce fait, on peut relever des cas de discriminations civiles, fiscales et juridiques.&nbsp; De plus, une musulmane ne pouvait pas \u00e9pouser un chr\u00e9tien ou un juif, alors qu\u2019un musulman avait le droit d\u2019\u00e9pouser une chr\u00e9tienne ou une juive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Toutefois, on aimerait rappeler que ces incidents ne sont pas sp\u00e9cifiques au r\u00e9gime musulman de l\u2019Al-Andalus. Ce sont malheureusement des choses qui arrivent sous n\u2019importe quel r\u00e9gime politique, que cette derni\u00e8re soit d\u2019une certaine religion ou non !&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video aligncenter\"><video autoplay loop muted playsinline poster=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/al-andalus-gif-3-poster.webp\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/al-andalus-gif-3.mp4\" width=\"480\" height=\"354\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 480 \/ 354;max-width:100%;width:480px;height:auto\" aria-label=\"Femme qui regarde des cadres photos, semblant sortir d'un long sommeil. Elle dit qu'elle se sentait comme dans un r\u00eave. \"><\/video><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Le retour \u00e0 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 est parfois dur<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9mdW5uZWwtc3R1ZGVudC1xdWFsaWZpY2F0aW9u\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part\u2019 global #3 = CPG3\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div 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xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Alma2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Alma<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris-Saclay<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/David2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">David<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">EDHEC<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            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xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jeanne2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jeanne<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                          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              <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin de cours particuliers ? <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><!-- notionvc: 27874cb7-7cca-4c68-a2e3-ea8000cbb55b --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p><span style=\"color: #48b378;\">4 points<\/span> de plus sur ta <span style=\"color: #48b378;\">moyenne<\/span> avec nos profs Sherpas ! <span role=\"image\" aria-label=\"\ud83d\udcc8\">\ud83d\udcc8<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS OFFERT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"faq\">\n    <div class=\"container\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/FAQPage\">\n        <div class=\"faq__title\">\n                        <h2 id=\"questions-frequentes\">Questions fr\u00e9quentes \ud83c\udfaf<\/h2>\n                    <\/div>\n         <div class=\"faq__questions\">\n                                                                             <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Que sont les Omeyyades ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Les Omeyyades correspondent \u00e0 une <strong>dynastie arabe qui dirige le califat \u00e0 partir de 661, depuis Damas<\/strong>, une trentaine d\u2019ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s la mort du proph\u00e8te Mahomet en 632. C\u2019est la premi\u00e8re grande dynastie \u00e0 se transmettre le titre de calife. Cependant, elle prend fin \u00e0 la suite d\u2019une r\u00e9volution men\u00e9e par les Abbassides : une guerre de plus de trois ans, qui se termine en 750.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Qui sont les Abbassides ?\u00a0<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Les Abbassides correspondent \u00e0 une <strong>dynastie arabe, comme les Omeyyades<\/strong>. Sauf que leurs <strong>convictions sont beaucoup plus fortes<\/strong>. De plus, les Abbassides souhaitent que les Iraniens convertis \u00e0 l\u2019Islam atteignent un statut \u00e9gal \u00e0 celui des Arabes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Est-ce qu\u2019un califat est diff\u00e9rent d\u2019un \u00e9mirat ?\u00a0<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Compl\u00e8tement ! <strong>Un califat est un r\u00e9gime encadr\u00e9 par un calife, tandis qu\u2019un \u00e9mirat est un r\u00e9gime encadr\u00e9 par un \u00e9mir<\/strong>. Et leur statut est diff\u00e9rent ! M\u00eame si au final, ils ne font pas forc\u00e9ment des choses bien diff\u00e9rentes\u2026<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Est-ce que les taifas sont toujours gouvern\u00e9s par le m\u00eame peuple ?\u00a0<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Pas du tout ! Bien que les taifas pratiquent tous la m\u00eame religion, <strong>on retrouve des taifas arabes, ou encore des taifas berb\u00e8res<\/strong>. Et comme on a dit au c\u0153ur de notre article, ils ont tendance \u00e0 vouloir se faire la guerre. Genre un peu beaucoup.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Quelles sont les avanc\u00e9es qu\u2019a apport\u00e9es l\u2019Al-Andalus ?\u00a0<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>On peut en compter pas mal, comme par exemple la traduction de l\u2019arabe en latin \u00e0 Tol\u00e8de, une ville reprise par les Castillans en 1085, o\u00f9 des savants font passer vers l\u2019Europe chr\u00e9tienne une partie du savoir conserv\u00e9 en arabe. De m\u00eame,<strong> la culture musulmane, juive, chr\u00e9tienne et byzantine situ\u00e9e \u00e0 un seul et m\u00eame endroit provoque une influence dans plusieurs domaines <\/strong>: les sciences, les techniques, l\u2019art, etc.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Est-ce que l\u2019Al-Andalus s\u2019est termin\u00e9 seulement \u00e0 cause de la prise de Grenade ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>En v\u00e9rit\u00e9, <strong>c\u2019est l\u2019encha\u00eenement des conqu\u00eates de la <em>Reconquista<\/em> qui a provoqu\u00e9 la fin de l\u2019Al-Andalus<\/strong>. En effet, les royaumes et villes tomb\u00e8rent progressivement aux mains des chr\u00e9tiens, avant de d\u00e9finitivement se cl\u00f4turer lors de la <strong>prise de Grenade<\/strong>. La ville est tomb\u00e9e plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment le 2 janvier 1492.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Est-ce que tout \u00e7a a un lien avec l\u2019origine des andalous ?\u00a0<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Techniquement,<strong> les Andalous sont les personnes ayant une ascendance li\u00e9e \u00e0 la r\u00e9gion de l\u2019Andalousie, situ\u00e9e dans le sud de l\u2019Espagne<\/strong>. Mais historiquement, les Andalous <strong>sont aussi les personnes ayant habit\u00e9 sur le sol de l\u2019Al-Andalus !<\/strong> Toutefois, l\u2019Andalousie est une r\u00e9gion tir\u00e9e de l\u2019histoire de l\u2019Al-Andalus. Du coup oui, on peut dire que tout est li\u00e9 !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Est-ce qu\u2019il y a un lien avec le Maghreb ?\u00a0<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Tu te souviens des forces musulmanes du berb\u00e8re Tariq ibn Ziyad, dont on parle vers la deuxi\u00e8me partie de l\u2019article ? Bien elles venaient du Maghreb ! Du coup oui, m\u00eame si le Maghreb est situ\u00e9 en Afrique du Nord, <strong>il y a un bien un lien historique, religieux et politique entre les deux<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Bon, on en a fini avec l\u2019Al-Andalus ! \u2728 <strong>On esp\u00e8re que cet article t\u2019a fait d\u00e9couvrir un peu plus l\u2019histoire de cette terre aux trois religions<\/strong>. D\u2019ailleurs, si tu veux d\u00e9velopper un peu plus tes connaissances historiques, n\u2019h\u00e9site pas \u00e0 prendre des <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/histoire\">cours particuliers d&rsquo;histoire<\/a>. Sur ces mots, on te dit \u00e0 bient\u00f4t ! \ud83d\udc4b<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;269120&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;3&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;5\\\/5 - (3 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Al-Andalus, la terre aux trois religions \u231b&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;142.5&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 142.5px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            5\/5 - (3 votes)    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tu veux d\u00e9velopper tes connaissances historiques sur l\u2019Al-Andalus, la partie musulmane de la p\u00e9ninsule Ib\u00e9rique au Moyen \u00c2ge (&#8230;)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":353,"featured_media":269123,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"category":[803,818,821],"tag":[769,337],"class_list":["post-269120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apprendre-matiere","category-espagnol-2","category-histoire","tag-espagne","tag-europe"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/269120","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/353"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=269120"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/269120\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/269123"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=269120"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category?post=269120"},{"taxonomy":"tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag?post=269120"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}