{"id":269120,"date":"2024-01-12T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-01-12T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/?p=269120"},"modified":"2024-01-05T18:05:54","modified_gmt":"2024-01-05T17:05:54","slug":"al-andalus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/al-andalus\/","title":{"rendered":"Al-Andalus, la terre aux trois religions \u231b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Tu veux d\u00e9velopper tes connaissances historiques ? Tu appr\u00e9cies l\u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/guerre-despagne\/\">Espagne<\/a> ? <strong>Tu ne connais pas l\u2019Al-Andalus<\/strong> ? \ud83d\ude31 Pas de panique ! La <em>team<\/em> Sherpas est l\u00e0 pour te pr\u00e9senter l\u2019<strong>histoire de cette terre aux trois <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/la-religion-grecque\/\">religions<\/a><\/strong>. Alors, tu es pr\u00eat ? C\u2019est parti ! \ud83d\ude80<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/l4Ep831tItMScJs1W\/giphy-downsized-large.gif\" alt=\"Mec qui l\u00e8ve sa canette et finit pat s'envoler. \" style=\"width:378px;height:auto\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u2019Al-Andalus, qu\u00e8sako ? \ud83e\udd2f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Correspondant \u00e0 une <strong>ancienne r\u00e9gion de la p\u00e9ninsule ib\u00e9rique<\/strong>, l\u2019Al-Andalus est une terre relativement connue pour avoir prosp\u00e9r\u00e9 <strong>sous domination musulmane.<\/strong> D\u2019ailleurs, cette partie de l\u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/parents\/a\/programme-histoire-geo-premiere\/\">histoire<\/a> a pris place<strong> du 8e au 15e si\u00e8cle<\/strong>. \u00c7a a dur\u00e9 quelque temps quoi.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>Une grande p\u00e9ninsule \ud83d\ude0e<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">La p\u00e9ninsule ib\u00e9rique comporte plusieurs pays, tels que ;\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">l\u2019Espagne ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">le Portugal ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">l\u2019Andorre ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gibraltar ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">la France.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00c9videmment, elle ne concerne que certains territoires fran\u00e7ais, et plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment ceux coll\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019Espagne !\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Toutefois, on peut affirmer une chose : cette domination <strong>a apport\u00e9 une influence socioculturelle <\/strong>ayant profond\u00e9ment marqu\u00e9 l\u2019Espagne\u2026 Au point qu\u2019on en retrouve encore des traces, <strong>surtout au niveau de l\u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/ecole-architecture\/\">architecture<\/a><\/strong>. Aussi, si tu veux en savoir plus sur tout \u00e7a, n\u2019h\u00e9site pas \u00e0 prendre des <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/sociologie\">cours particuliers de sociologie<\/a> !&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Une longue p\u00e9riode \u23f2\ufe0f<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">L\u2019histoire d\u2019Al-Andalus s\u2019\u00e9tend sur une p\u00e9riode assez longue. Et pour \u00eatre plus pr\u00e9cis que les si\u00e8cles \u00e9nonc\u00e9s pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment, on peut te dire qu\u2019elle commence en 711 pour se terminer en 1492.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Par ailleurs, on parle souvent de l\u2019Al-Andalus pour sa <strong>grande tol\u00e9rance envers les autres religions pratiqu\u00e9es sur sa terre<\/strong>. Pourtant, on va voir plus bas que ce n\u2019est pas tout \u00e0 fait \u00e7a\u2026 \ud83d\udc40&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mais en attendant, on va se pencher sur la partie historique, car c\u2019est la base.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycz9zaWdudXA9dHJ1ZQ==\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;#8217; global #2 = CPG2\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Cle\u0301mence2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Cl\u00e9mence<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                     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class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Thibault2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Thibault<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris Ulm<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">20\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Sophie2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Sophie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Bordeaux<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">12\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Noemie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">No\u00e9mie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">M2 en droit \u00e0 Assas<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fanny2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Fanny<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Ponts ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Simon2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Simon<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">4e ann\u00e9e de m\u00e9decine<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Nicolas2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Nicolas<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">CentraleSup\u00e9lec<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin d&#8217;un prof particulier ? <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><!-- notionvc: 9b5ed38b-ea2e-4d3c-a3bb-f0091c2eedd2 --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont l\u00e0 pour t&#8217;aider \u00e0 progresser !<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!-- notionvc: 20490bdd-6579-484b-9d99-0ff0bc1aa8e7 --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS GRATUIT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Une conqu\u00eate fructueuse \ud83d\udc51<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est parti pour un petit saut en arri\u00e8re, c&#8217;est-\u00e0-dire <strong>au 8e si\u00e8cle<\/strong>. \u00c0 cette \u00e9poque, <strong>la p\u00e9ninsule ib\u00e9rique est d\u00e9j\u00e0 sous la domination du royaume wisigoth<\/strong>, qui est un peuple germanique appartenant \u00e0 la branche des Goths.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cependant, apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 700,<strong> les forces musulmanes du berb\u00e8re Tariq ibn Ziyad viennent<\/strong> semer le trouble<strong>.<\/strong> Cette invasion provoque <strong>la chute du royaume wisigoth en 711, lors de la bataille d\u00e9cisive de Guadalete<\/strong>. D\u00e8s lors, l\u2019Al-Andalus <strong>passe sous domination musulmane<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">La ville la plus importante \u2728<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">En 716, la ville de Cordoue devient la capitale des terres musulmanes, car le gouvernement s\u2019y installe. Et cette ville est \u00e9videmment situ\u00e9e dans l\u2019Al-Andalus !\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">On a eu chaud \ud83d\udd25<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Les forces musulmanes ont aussi tent\u00e9 de s\u2019\u00e9tendre un peu plus au nord de la France. Mais elles ont essuy\u00e9 une d\u00e9faite en 732 \u00e0 Poitiers. Les forces se retirent alors de plusieurs villes conquises, comme Narbonne en 754, afin de se concentrer dans le sud du territoire. <\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Quelques ann\u00e9es plus tard, en 756, <strong>\u2018Abd al-Rahman arrive au pouvoir<\/strong> et se proclame \u00e9mir : c\u2019est le<strong> d\u00e9but de l\u2019\u00e9mirat omeyyade d\u2019Al-Andalus<\/strong>. Durant le si\u00e8cle suivant, les \u00e9mirs se succ\u00e8dent et des tensions naissent sur le territoire. Et ce \u00e0 tel point que des discordes et des guerres civiles \u00e9clatent ! \ud83d\udca5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00e9anmoins, <strong>un homme comprend la situation<\/strong> et va s\u2019en servir pour arriver au pouvoir en 913 : <strong>il s\u2019agit de Abd al-Rahman III<\/strong>. Ce dernier instaure ce qu\u2019on appelle<strong> le califat omeyyade<\/strong>. Et d\u2019apr\u00e8s les propos tenus par Pierre Guichard, au sein de son livre&nbsp; <em>Al-Andalus<\/em>, il s\u2019agit d\u2019<strong>un r\u00e8gne que l\u2019on peut qualifier de restaurateur<\/strong> ! \ud83d\ude0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Car oui, c\u2019est bel et bien durant le califat omeyyade que <strong>l\u2019Al-Andalus commence \u00e0 forger sa l\u00e9gendaire r\u00e9putation de terre aux trois religions<\/strong>. La raison ? La politique du calife est de pacifier et unifier le territoire, et ce qu\u2019importe la religion de ses citoyens. On ne va pas s\u2019en plaindre !<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C\u2019est quoi la diff\u00e9rence ? \ud83e\udd14<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Signifiant \u00ab celui qui ordonne \u00bb en arabe, <\/span><b>un \u00e9mir est un titre port\u00e9 par les personnes les plus importantes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, comme les gouverneurs, ministres, ou encore militaires. Il est cens\u00e9 \u00eatre soumis au calife, cependant il lui arrive aussi de r\u00e9gner de mani\u00e8re ind\u00e9pendante.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Signifiant \u00ab le successeur \u00bb en arabe, <\/span><b>un calife est une personne choisie pour gouverner les croyants puis, par la suite, l\u2019empire islamique<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> de mani\u00e8re plus globale. Elle est cens\u00e9e \u00eatre la rel\u00e8ve du proph\u00e8te Mohamed \u00e0 la suite de sa mort en 632.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">En bref, le second p\u00e8se plus quoi.<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Ainsi, on se retrouve avec une Al-Andalus <strong>alliant \u00e0 la fois des personnes de confession musulmane, juive ou encore chr\u00e9tienne<\/strong>. De plus, elle va m\u00eame se tenir <strong>\u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cart de la politique ext\u00e9rieure<\/strong>, au point de devenir une sorte de sanctuaire loin de toutes tensions.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pourtant, suite \u00e0 son apog\u00e9e, on peut dire que les choses se cassent bien la figure :<strong> les tensions remontent<\/strong>, provoquant une fracture du califat en 1031<strong>. La terre d\u2019Al-Andalus est ainsi s\u00e9par\u00e9e en de multiples \u00e9mirats, qui sont appel\u00e9s les taifas<\/strong>. Ces derniers correspondent \u00e0 des petits royaumes ind\u00e9pendants, en gros.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>L\u2019ascension de la taifa de S\u00e9ville \ud83d\udc51<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">En 1023, la taifa de S\u00e9ville est fond\u00e9e. Comme on peut le deviner, la capitale de ce royaume est la c\u00e9l\u00e8bre ville du m\u00eame nom.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Plus tard, la taifa s&#8217;\u00e9tend au point de dominer la p\u00e9ninsule. Cette extension fait que la ville de S\u00e9ville joue du coude avec la ville de Cordoue quant \u00e0 la ville qui p\u00e8se le plus.<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Suite \u00e0 ces changements assez drastiques, on peut admettre que <strong>les territoires se trouvent fragilis\u00e9s<\/strong>. Leur passe-temps est de se taper dessus, et <strong>\u00e7a ne loupe pas aux yeux des chr\u00e9tiens du nord,<\/strong> qui se disent que c\u2019est plut\u00f4t pas mal comme ambiance. Surtout<strong> pour reconqu\u00e9rir des terres<\/strong>. \ud83e\udd88<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Du coup, tout ce beau monde chr\u00e9tien entreprend <strong>ce qu\u2019on appelle plus commun\u00e9ment la <em><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/mediterranee-medievale\/\">Reconquista<\/a><\/em><\/strong>, qui est une s\u00e9rie de campagnes militaires visant \u00e0 reprendre la p\u00e9ninsule ib\u00e9rique aux musulmans. Et c\u2019est ce qui arrive, provoquant ainsi la disparition progressive de l\u2019Al-Andalus.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>La date clef \ud83d\udd11<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>La fin de la domination musulmane arrive plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment le 2 janvier 1492, lors de la prise de la derni\u00e8re cit\u00e9 musulmane, Grenade, par les Rois Catholiques Ferdinand II d\u2019Aragon et Isabelle I de Castille. <\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Bref, on peut en conclure que la p\u00e9ninsule ib\u00e9rique a eu une histoire assez compl\u00e8te. En effet, <strong>ces divers \u00e9v\u00e9nements ont permis de forger la l\u00e9gende autour d\u2019Al-Andalus<\/strong>. Pour autant, <strong>est-ce que cette derni\u00e8re est v\u00e9ritable ?<\/strong> C\u2019est ce qu\u2019on va voir tout de suite ! \ud83d\ude0e<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/jpbnkneOMU9UeXXCfd\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Mec qui r\u00e9fl\u00e9chit un peu trop \u00e0 sa vie. \" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<section class=\"relance\">\n        <div >\n                            <a  href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/\">\n                    <div class=\"relance__container\"\n                        >\n                        \n                                                        <picture>\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-2.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 999px)\">\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-2.jpg\" media=\"(max-width: 999px)\">\n                                <img decoding=\"async\"\n                                    src=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-2.jpg\"\n                                    alt=\"Personne qui donne des cours particuliers\"\n                                >\n                            <\/picture>\n                                                <div class=\"relance__content\">\n                            \n                                <div class=\"relance__title\"> <p>Tu souhaites d\u00e9velopper tes comp\u00e9tences au max ? Alors trouve ton prof particulier chez les Sherpas !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <button type=\"button\"\n                                    class=\"relance__button btn btn-white\">\n                                Le premier cours est gratuit !\n                            <\/button>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n    \n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Une terre \u00e0 la tol\u00e9rance in\u00e9gal\u00e9e ? \ud83e\udd14<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>En vrai, on peut se questionner sur la v\u00e9ritable nature des sp\u00e9culations qu\u2019on a vue ci-dessus\u2026 Est-ce que la p\u00e9ninsule ib\u00e9rique d\u2019<em>Al-Andalus<\/em> \u00e9tait si tol\u00e9rante que \u00e7a ? <strong>Est-ce que les religions coexistaient r\u00e9ellement en harmonie ?<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bah en vrai, si on se penche sur des articles retra\u00e7ant l\u2019histoire, <strong>la r\u00e9ponse est non<\/strong>. Genre on peut tr\u00e8s bien retrouver des textes disant ouvertement qu\u2019il y a de la tol\u00e9rance, mais on ne peut pas mentir sur le fait que <strong>ce terme cachait en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 pas mal de discriminations envers ce qu\u2019on appelle les \u00ab gens du Livre \u00bb<\/strong>. Tu l\u2019auras compris, on parle ici des chr\u00e9tiens et des juifs.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Par exemple, l\u2019une des raisons de la r\u00e9putation de l\u2019<em>Al-Andalus <\/em>provient du fait que les gens du Livre ne doivent pas \u00eatre forc\u00e9s \u00e0 se convertir \u00e0 l\u2019islam. Cela est <strong>d\u00fb \u00e0 l&#8217;existence du pacte de la <\/strong><strong><em>dihma<\/em><\/strong>, leur donnant des dispositions sp\u00e9ciales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Du coup, <strong>on s\u2019est mis \u00e0 dire que la p\u00e9ninsule ib\u00e9rique est tol\u00e9rante<\/strong>, car c\u2019est un peu ce qu\u2019on demande aux citoyens. Cependant, ce respect cache une contrepartie. Comme \u00e9nonc\u00e9 au c\u0153ur de l\u2019article<a href=\"https:\/\/www.histoire-et-civilisations.com\/thematiques\/moyen-age\/al-andalus-le-mythe-du-paradis-perdu-2556.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> <em>Al-Andalus<\/em> : le mythe du paradis disparu<\/a>, r\u00e9dig\u00e9 par Joseph P\u00e9rez, <strong>le mot tol\u00e9rance veut plus dire supporter que permettre<\/strong>, et surtout dans le cadre de ce sujet.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>De ce fait, on peut relever des cas de discriminations civiles, fiscales et juridiques.&nbsp; De plus, les personnes aux religions distinctes ne pouvaient pas se marier entre elles.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Toutefois, on aimerait rappeler que ces incidents ne sont pas sp\u00e9cifiques au r\u00e9gime musulman de l\u2019Al-Andalus. Ce sont malheureusement des choses qui arrivent sous n\u2019importe quel r\u00e9gime politique, que cette derni\u00e8re soit d\u2019une certaine religion ou non !&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/l4FGp7MVi5TTmiF4Q\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Femme qui regarde des cadres photos, semblant sortir d'un long sommeil. Elle dit qu'elle se sentait comme dans un r\u00eave. \" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Le retour \u00e0 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 est parfois dur<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycz9zaWdudXA9dHJ1ZQ==\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;#8217; global #3 = CPG3\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Martin2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Martin<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">23\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jade2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jade<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Bastien2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Bastien<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Polytechnique<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Emilie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Emilie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Hugo2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Hugo<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Insa Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">16\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Alma2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Alma<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris-Saclay<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/David2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">David<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">EDHEC<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                        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class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jeanne2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jeanne<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            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<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin de cours particuliers ? <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><!-- notionvc: 27874cb7-7cca-4c68-a2e3-ea8000cbb55b --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p><span style=\"color: #48b378;\">4 points<\/span> de plus sur ta <span style=\"color: #48b378;\">moyenne<\/span> avec nos profs Sherpas ! <span role=\"image\" aria-label=\"\ud83d\udcc8\">\ud83d\udcc8<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS GRATUIT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"faq\">\n    <div class=\"container\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/FAQPage\">\n        <div class=\"faq__title\">\n            <h2>Questions fr\u00e9quentes \ud83c\udfaf<\/h2>\n        <\/div>\n         <div class=\"faq__questions\">\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Que sont les Omeyyades ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Les Omeyyades correspondent \u00e0 une <strong>dynastie arabe qui s\u2019est \u00e9tablie suite \u00e0 la mort du proph\u00e8te Mahomet en 632<\/strong>. Elles mettent en place le premier califat. Cependant, la dynastie prend fin \u00e0 la suite d&#8217;une r\u00e9volution des Abbassides envers les Omeyyades. Cette derni\u00e8re entra\u00eene une guerre de plus de trois ans, qui se termine en 750.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Qui sont les Abbassides ?\u00a0<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Les Abbassides correspondent \u00e0 une <strong>dynastie arabe, comme les Omeyyades<\/strong>. Sauf que leurs <strong>convictions sont beaucoup plus fortes<\/strong>. De plus, les Abbassides souhaitent que les Iraniens convertis \u00e0 l\u2019Islam atteignent un statut \u00e9gal \u00e0 celui des Arabes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Est-ce qu\u2019un califat est diff\u00e9rent d\u2019un \u00e9mirat ?\u00a0<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Compl\u00e8tement ! <strong>Un califat est un r\u00e9gime encadr\u00e9 par un calife, tandis qu\u2019un \u00e9mirat est un r\u00e9gime encadr\u00e9 par un \u00e9mir<\/strong>. Et leur statut est diff\u00e9rent ! M\u00eame si au final, ils ne font pas forc\u00e9ment des choses bien diff\u00e9rentes\u2026<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Est-ce que les taifas sont toujours gouvern\u00e9s par le m\u00eame peuple ?\u00a0<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Pas du tout ! Bien que les taifas pratiquent tous la m\u00eame religion, <strong>on retrouve des taifas arabes, ou encore des taifas berb\u00e8res<\/strong>. Et comme on a dit au c\u0153ur de notre article, ils ont tendance \u00e0 vouloir se faire la guerre. Genre un peu beaucoup.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Quelles sont les avanc\u00e9es qu\u2019a apport\u00e9es l\u2019Al-Andalus ?\u00a0<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>On peut en compter pas mal, comme par exemple la traduction de l\u2019arabe en latin \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole de Tol\u00e8de, qui est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme le premier centre de trad\u2019 de la sorte. De m\u00eame,<strong> la culture musulmane, juive, chr\u00e9tienne et byzantine situ\u00e9e \u00e0 un seul et m\u00eame endroit provoque une influence dans plusieurs domaines <\/strong>: les sciences, les techniques, l\u2019art, etc.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Est-ce que l\u2019Al-Andalus s\u2019est termin\u00e9 seulement \u00e0 cause de la prise de Grenade ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>En v\u00e9rit\u00e9, <strong>c\u2019est l&#8217;encha\u00eenement des conqu\u00eates de la <em>Reconquista<\/em> qui a provoqu\u00e9 la fin de l\u2019Al-Andalus<\/strong>. En effet, les royaumes et villes tomb\u00e8rent progressivement aux mains des chr\u00e9tiens, avant de d\u00e9finitivement se cl\u00f4turer lors de la <strong>prise de Grenade<\/strong>. La ville est tomb\u00e9e plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment le 2 janvier 1492.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Est-ce que tout \u00e7a a un lien avec l\u2019origine des andalous ?\u00a0<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Techniquement,<strong> les Andalous sont les personnes ayant une ascendance li\u00e9e \u00e0 la r\u00e9gion de l\u2019Andalousie, situ\u00e9e dans le sud de l\u2019Espagne<\/strong>. Mais historiquement, les Andalous <strong>sont aussi les personnes ayant habit\u00e9 sur le sol de l\u2019Al-Andalus !<\/strong> Toutefois, l\u2019Andalousie est une r\u00e9gion tir\u00e9e de l\u2019histoire de l\u2019Al-Andalus. Du coup oui, on peut dire que tout est li\u00e9 !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Est-ce qu\u2019il y a un lien avec le Maghreb ?\u00a0<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Tu te souviens des forces musulmanes du berb\u00e8re Tariq ibn Ziyad, dont on parle vers la deuxi\u00e8me partie de l\u2019article ? Bien elles venaient du Maghreb ! Du coup oui, m\u00eame si le Maghreb est situ\u00e9 en Afrique du Nord, <strong>il y a un bien un lien historique, religieux et politique entre les deux<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Bon, on en a fini avec l\u2019Al-Andalus ! \u2728 <strong>On esp\u00e8re que cet article t\u2019a fait d\u00e9couvrir un peu plus l\u2019histoire de cette terre aux trois religions<\/strong>. D\u2019ailleurs, si tu veux d\u00e9velopper un peu plus tes connaissances historiques, n\u2019h\u00e9site pas \u00e0 prendre des <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/histoire\">cours particuliers d&#8217;histoire<\/a>. Sur ces mots, on te dit \u00e0 bient\u00f4t ! \ud83d\udc4b<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;269120&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;5\\\/5 - (1 vote)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Al-Andalus, la terre aux trois religions \u231b&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;142.5&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 142.5px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            5\/5 - (1 vote)    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tu veux d\u00e9velopper tes connaissances historiques ? Tu appr\u00e9cies l\u2019Espagne ? Tu ne connais pas l\u2019Al-Andalus ? \ud83d\ude31 (&#8230;)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":353,"featured_media":269123,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"category":[803,818,821],"tag":[769,337],"class_list":["post-269120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apprendre-matiere","category-espagnol-2","category-histoire","tag-espagne","tag-europe"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/269120","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/353"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=269120"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/269120\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/269123"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=269120"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category?post=269120"},{"taxonomy":"tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag?post=269120"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}