{"id":268439,"date":"2023-12-14T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-12-14T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/?p=268439"},"modified":"2024-01-15T13:21:09","modified_gmt":"2024-01-15T12:21:09","slug":"espaces-ruraux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/espaces-ruraux\/","title":{"rendered":"Espaces ruraux : multifonctionnalit\u00e9 ou fragmentation ? \ud83c\udfde\ufe0f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Si tu es au lyc\u00e9e, tu as d\u00fb entendre parler de la notion d\u2019espace rural. En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, on associe <strong>cette le\u00e7on du programme d\u2019histoire-g\u00e9ographie<\/strong> \u00e0 l\u2019image d\u2019une campagne sans s\u2019interroger. Pourtant, la question se pose : es-tu t\u00e9moin de la multifonctionnalit\u00e9 des espaces ruraux ou de leur fragmentation\u202f?\u200b \ud83e\udd14<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200b\ud83d\udc49 Pour \u00e9clairer ta lanterne, on t\u2019a pr\u00e9par\u00e9 un article sur le sujet. D\u00e9finitions, fonctions, enjeux\u2026 <strong>On te donne toutes les infos sur les espaces ruraux !\u200b \ud83d\ude80<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"relance\">\n        <div >\n                            <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/geographie\">\n                    <div class=\"relance__container\"\n                        >\n                        \n                                                        <picture>\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/programme-geographie-4eme-e1623831816409.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 999px)\">\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/programme-geographie-4eme-e1623831816409.jpg\" media=\"(max-width: 999px)\">\n                                <img decoding=\"async\"\n                                    src=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/programme-geographie-4eme-e1623831816409.jpg\"\n                                    alt=\"programme g\u00e9ographie 4\u00e8me\"\n                                >\n                            <\/picture>\n                                                <div class=\"relance__content\">\n                            \n                                <div class=\"relance__title\"> <p>Besoin d&rsquo;un coup de pouce en g\u00e9o ? Prends des cours particuliers de g\u00e9ographie avec un Sherpa et d\u00e9croche les notes de tes r\u00eaves ! \ud83d\udd25\u200b<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <button type=\"button\"\n                                    class=\"relance__button btn btn-white\">\n                                Cartonne en cours !\n                            <\/button>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n    \n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Un espace rural, c\u2019est quoi ?\u200b \ud83e\uddd0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Une d\u00e9finition qui \u00e9volue\u200b \ud83d\udd0e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Commen\u00e7ons par le commencement, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire la d\u00e9finition\u202f! D\u2019apr\u00e8s <em>Le Robert<\/em>, on emploie le mot \u00ab rural \u00bb pour d\u00e9signer <strong>ce \u00ab qui concerne la vie dans les campagnes \u00bb<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200b\ud83d\udccd D\u2019o\u00f9<strong> l\u2019expression \u00ab exode rural \u00bb<\/strong> qui \u00e9voque le d\u00e9peuplement des campagnes.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\u200b\ud83d\udca1 Le savais-tu ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Le terme \u00ab rural \u00bb vient <strong>du latin <\/strong><strong><em>ruralis<\/em><\/strong><strong>, signifiant \u00ab des champs, de la campagne \u00bb<\/strong>. Il est lui-m\u00eame d\u00e9riv\u00e9 de <em>rus <\/em>et <em>ruris<\/em>, des mots qui renvoient \u00e0 la campagne, \u00e0 la rusticit\u00e9 et \u00e0 la grossi\u00e8ret\u00e9. Pas tr\u00e8s sympa pour les campagnards tout \u00e7a !\u200b \ud83d\ude02<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200b\ud83d\udc49 Ici, on parle d\u2019espace rural pour parler de ce qui est relatif au monde agricole, <strong>en opposition \u00e0 l\u2019univers de la ville et aux zones urbanis\u00e9es<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"971\" src=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre.jpg?func=bound&amp;w=1024&amp;h=971\" alt=\"Batman met une claque \u00e0 Robin.\" class=\"wp-image-268478\" style=\"width:492px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre.jpg?w=1080 1080w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre.jpg?w=300 300w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre.jpg?w=1024 1024w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre.jpg?w=768 768w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre.jpg?w=139 139w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre.jpg?w=303 303w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre.jpg?w=288 288w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre.jpg?w=413 413w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre.jpg?w=265 265w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre.jpg?w=60 60w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre.jpg?w=320 320w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre.jpg?w=576 576w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre.jpg?w=940 940w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 partir des ann\u00e9es 1960, les g\u00e9ographes ont pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 utiliser<strong> le terme \u00ab espace rural \u00bb plut\u00f4t que \u00ab campagne \u00bb<\/strong> pour mettre en lumi\u00e8re la diversification des activit\u00e9s. Ben oui, elles vont bien au-del\u00e0 de la simple production agricole !<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\u21aa\ufe0f Il existe aussi une classification des <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/quiz-regions-france\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"261317\">r\u00e9gions<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <ul>\n<li><strong>rurale :<\/strong> si plus de 50 % de la population vit dans des zones rurales ;<\/li>\n<li><strong>interm\u00e9diaire :<\/strong> si 20 \u00e0 50 % vit dans des zones rurales ;<\/li>\n<li><strong>essentiellement urbaine :<\/strong> si moins de 20 % vit dans des zones rurales.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle mondiale, <strong>il reste difficile d\u2019\u00e9tablir pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment les limites d\u2019un espace rural et celles d\u2019un espace urbain<\/strong>. Dans les pays scandinaves par exemple, on consid\u00e8re qu\u2019une ville poss\u00e8de 300 habitants agglom\u00e9r\u00e9s. Au Japon cependant, le seuil est fix\u00e9 \u00e0 30 000 habitants. C\u2019est 100 fois plus !\u200b \ud83d\ude35\u200d\ud83d\udcab<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>\ud83c\udf3d Tout savoir sur le secteur de l\u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/agriculture\/\">agriculture<\/a> !<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les caract\u00e9ristiques d\u2019un espace rural\u200b \ud83d\udcd2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 partir des ann\u00e9es 1960, les g\u00e9ographes ont pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 utiliser<strong> le terme \u00ab espace rural \u00bb plut\u00f4t que \u00ab campagne \u00bb<\/strong> pour mettre en lumi\u00e8re la diversification des activit\u00e9s. Ben oui, elles vont bien au-del\u00e0 de la simple production agricole !<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\u21aa\ufe0f Autres caract\u00e9ristiques entrant en compte<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <ul>\n<li>le manque d\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9ments urbains ;<\/li>\n<li>la faible densit\u00e9 de l\u2019habitat ;<\/li>\n<li>le manque d\u2019emplois ;<\/li>\n<li>les d\u00e9ficits concernant l\u2019infrastructure sociale et technique.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200b\u200b\ud83d\udccc <strong>Rappel :<\/strong> en l\u2019espace de 31 ans, la proportion de la population rurale de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne est pass\u00e9e <strong>de 21 % (1960) \u00e0 moins de 7 % (1991)<\/strong>. Qu\u2019en est-il maintenant\u202f? Pourquoi dit-on \u00ab multifonctionnalit\u00e9 \u00bb et \u00ab fragmentation \u00bb\u202f? Checke la suite !\u200b \ud83d\udc47<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>\ud83c\udfd4\ufe0f Voyage au c\u0153ur de l\u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/arctique\/\">Arctique<\/a> : histoire et enjeux !<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Multifonctionnalit\u00e9 et fragmentation\u200b \ud83d\udce2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Aujourd\u2019hui,<strong> les espaces ruraux sont soumis \u00e0 des changements majeurs<\/strong> qui remettent en question l\u2019opposition traditionnelle entre \u00ab urbain \u00bb et \u00ab rural \u00bb. Ces \u00e9volutions, li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9mergence de nouvelles activit\u00e9s, impliquent une p\u00e9riurbanisation croissante.\u200b \ud83d\udc40<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>\u200b\ud83d\udccd <strong>P\u00e9riurbanisation : <\/strong>urbanisation \u00e9tendue \u00e0 la p\u00e9riph\u00e9rie de la ville.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Tu as notamment l\u2019exemple des n\u00e9o-ruraux, une population jeune qui recherche une nouvelle vie et s\u2019installe dans des <em>gated communites.<\/em> Leur arriv\u00e9e provoque souvent <strong>une s\u00e9paration avec les ruraux traditionnels (agriculteurs) qui deviennent minoritaires<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>\u200b\ud83d\udccd <strong><em>Gated communities<\/em><\/strong><strong> :<\/strong> quartiers ferm\u00e9s et s\u00e9curis\u00e9s, o\u00f9 seuls les r\u00e9sidents et leurs invit\u00e9s sont autoris\u00e9s \u00e0 entrer.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"297\" src=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/au-fait-ou-en-fait-3.gif?func=bound&amp;w=500&amp;h=297\" alt=\"Stitch salue Lilo.\" class=\"wp-image-268474\" style=\"width:522px;height:auto\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Quand les n\u00e9o-ruraux d\u00e9barquent \u00e0 la campagn<\/em>e<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u200b\ud83d\udc49 La multifonctionnalit\u00e9 fait donc r\u00e9f\u00e9rence<strong> \u00e0 la diversit\u00e9 des activit\u00e9s <\/strong>r\u00e9alis\u00e9es dans les espaces ruraux, et la fragmentation, <strong>aux divisions <\/strong>et aux conflits socio-\u00e9conomiques.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycw==\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;rsquo; global #1 = CPG1\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Antoine2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Antoine<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">18\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Agathe2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Agathe<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Louise2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Louise<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Mines ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Nicolas2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Nicolas<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">CentraleSup\u00e9lec<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Olivier2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Olivier<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">La Sorbonne<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">13\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fabien2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Fabien<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">T\u00e9l\u00e9com Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">20\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Emilie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Emilie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Cle\u0301mence2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Cl\u00e9mence<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Ton premier cours particulier est offert ! <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\ud83c\udf81\">\ud83c\udf81<\/span><!-- notionvc: 91b6b7d7-50f2-46f4-ae1f-ecbabe834aad --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont pass\u00e9s par les meilleures \u00e9coles et universit\u00e9s.<!-- notionvc: 21bb66b6-b36d-4ce8-8950-173722d75a1e --><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: #ffffff; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        J&rsquo;EN PROFITE MAINTENANT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les espaces ruraux dans une France urbaine\u200b \ud83c\udfd9\ufe0f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Entre 1960 et 1990, l&rsquo;augmentation rapide de l\u2019urbanisation a suscit\u00e9 des inqui\u00e9tudes quant \u00e0 la d\u00e9gradation \u00e9conomique et sociale potentielle des zones rurales. Cependant, <strong>la France rurale est maintenant en plein renouveau<\/strong>. Pourquoi ? On te dit \u00e7a tout de suite !\u200b \ud83d\ude09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u2019expansion urbaine, qu\u00e9saco ?\u200b \ud83e\udd14<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette fragmentation est due <strong>\u00e0 l\u2019urbanisation et \u00e0 l\u2019intensification des axes de transport<\/strong> et explique pourquoi on peut d\u00e9sormais distinguer les zones \u00e0 pr\u00e9dominance rurale.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\u200b\ud83e\uddee Quelques chiffres<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <ul>\n<li>Ces zones comprennent 51 % des communes fran\u00e7aises,<\/li>\n<li>elles repr\u00e9sentent 18 % de la population,<\/li>\n<li>elles connaissent une augmentation de 75 000 habitants par an depuis 1999.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u200b\ud83d\udccc Note :<\/strong> ce regain d\u00e9mographique s\u2019explique principalement par l\u2019exode urbain. Cette expression renvoie au <strong>d\u00e9placement des populations qui quittent les villes<\/strong> pour s\u2019installer dans les zones p\u00e9riurbaines ou \u00e0 la campagne pour am\u00e9liorer leurs conditions de vie.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"439\" height=\"341\" src=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/run.gif?func=bound&amp;w=439&amp;h=341\" alt=\"Une marionnette court vite.\" class=\"wp-image-266196\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Let&rsquo;s go les gars !!!<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u200b\ud83d\udc49 En clair, les urbains qui se d\u00e9placent vers les p\u00e9riph\u00e9ries ou les r\u00e9gions rurales participent \u00e0 ce processus d\u2019urbanisation. Au niveau des infrastructures par exemple,<strong> leur pr\u00e9sence rend les zones rurales plus semblables aux espaces urbains<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cela \u00e9tant, sache que <strong>tous les espaces ruraux n\u2019en b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient pas<\/strong>. Certaines zones restent en d\u00e9clin et ne profitent pas des avantages associ\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019urbanisation.\u200b \u200b\ud83e\udd37<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>\ud83c\uddeb\ud83c\uddf7 Comprendre la <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/cours-la-metropolisation-en-france\/\">m\u00e9tropolisation<\/a> en France !<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le dynamisme contrast\u00e9 des espaces ruraux \u2696\ufe0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les campagnes dynamiques\u200b \ud83c\udfc3<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Ici, l\u2019expression \u00ab campagne dynamique \u00bb d\u00e9signe <strong>un espace qui d\u00e9veloppe de nouvelles activit\u00e9s autour de la campagne<\/strong> et de la ruralit\u00e9. Fastoche, n\u2019est-ce pas ?\u200b \ud83d\ude0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200b\ud83d\udccd En France, l\u2019\u00e9mergence de ces espaces s\u2019explique par plusieurs facteurs :<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <ul>\n<li>l\u2019am\u00e9lioration du niveau de vie ;<\/li>\n<li>les migrations de retraite ;<\/li>\n<li>le d\u00e9veloppement des moyens de communication rapides ;<\/li>\n<li>l\u2019attrait des n\u00e9o-ruraux pour la nature.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral,<strong> cette nouvelle population rurale<\/strong> (jeunes, retrait\u00e9s, etc.) provient des classes moyennes et travaille en milieu urbain. On observe notamment cette dynamique dans les campagnes p\u00e9riurbaines de certaines r\u00e9gions comme :<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <ul>\n<li>le Midi-Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es ;<\/li>\n<li>le Grand Ouest ;<\/li>\n<li>la vall\u00e9e du Rh\u00f4ne.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200b\ud83d\udc49 D\u2019autres espaces ruraux, plus \u00e9loign\u00e9s des agglom\u00e9rations, mais bien connect\u00e9s par des infrastructures de communication, b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient aussi d\u2019un potentiel touristique.\u200b \ud83e\udd29<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>\u200b\u200b\ud83d\udccc <strong>Exemple :<\/strong> les r\u00e9gions littorales pour l\u2019achat de r\u00e9sidences secondaires.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les espaces ruraux en d\u00e9clin \u2198\ufe0f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Les espaces ruraux les plus \u00e9loign\u00e9s des villes, <strong>caract\u00e9ris\u00e9s par un cadre de vie moins attractif et des densit\u00e9s faibles<\/strong>, connaissent quant \u00e0 eux un d\u00e9clin marqu\u00e9 avec la disparition de services publics.\u200b \ud83d\ude15\u200b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200b\ud83d\udc49 Si tu es concern\u00e9, tu dois savoir de quoi on parle. R\u00e9seaux de bus fant\u00f4mes, \u00e9coles qui ferment, voisins qu\u2019on compte sur les doigts d\u2019une main, et on en passe !<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1242\" height=\"763\" src=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-2.jpg?func=bound&amp;w=1024&amp;h=763\" alt=\"Le personnage de &quot;Moi, moche et m\u00e9chant&quot; \u00e9labore un plan.\" class=\"wp-image-268477\" style=\"width:559px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-2.jpg?w=1242 1242w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-2.jpg?w=300 300w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-2.jpg?w=1024 1024w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-2.jpg?w=768 768w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-2.jpg?w=200 200w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-2.jpg?w=396 396w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-2.jpg?w=288 288w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-2.jpg?w=604 604w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-2.jpg?w=265 265w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-2.jpg?w=700 700w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-2.jpg?w=504 504w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-2.jpg?w=60 60w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-2.jpg?w=320 320w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-2.jpg?w=576 576w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-2.jpg?w=940 940w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-2.jpg?w=1080 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1242px) 100vw, 1242px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Dans certains cas, on parle m\u00eame de \u00ab rural profond \u00bb. Il s\u2019agit d\u2019<strong>une zone \u00e9loign\u00e9e de l\u2019influence urbaine <\/strong>qui englobe une partie du Massif central. Elle conna\u00eet des densit\u00e9s de population inf\u00e9rieures \u00e0 25 habitants par km\u00b2 et une agriculture peu dynamique.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>\u200b\u200b\ud83d\udccc <strong>Exemple d&rsquo;exception : <\/strong>la Loz\u00e8re, qui a r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 enrayer le d\u00e9peuplement.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Besoin d\u2019aide pour retenir cette fiche de cours ? Prends des <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/geographie\">cours particuliers de g\u00e9ographie en ligne<\/a> et r\u00e9vise depuis chez toi avec un Sherpa qualifi\u00e9 et p\u00e9dagogue ! \u200b\ud83d\ude1c<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>\ud83d\uddfa\ufe0f <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/quiz-geographe-geographie\/\">Quiz g\u00e9ographie<\/a> : teste tes connaissances !<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La gestion durable des espaces ruraux\u200b \u23f1\ufe0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les espaces ruraux, un milieu naturel ? \ud83c\udf3f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>En raison de la croissance d\u00e9mographique et de l&rsquo;expansion urbaine,<strong> les territoires ruraux subissent des pressions environnementales <\/strong>li\u00e9es \u00e0 des pratiques comme :<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <ul>\n<li>l\u2019agriculture intensive ;<\/li>\n<li>les am\u00e9nagements touristiques ;<\/li>\n<li>l\u2019\u00e9talement urbain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200b\ud83d\udc49 N\u00e9anmoins, sache que la prise de conscience de cette menace croissante sur ces milieux (due \u00e0 l&rsquo;anthropisation) encourage la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de leur gestion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200b\u200b\ud83d\udccc<strong> Note :<\/strong> ici, le mot \u00ab anthropisation \u00bb renvoie \u00e0 <strong>la transformation de l&rsquo;environnement par la pr\u00e9sence ou l\u2019action de l\u2019\u00eatre humain<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" src=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-3-min.jpg?func=bound&amp;w=1024&amp;h=1024\" alt=\"Une route s\u00e9pare une for\u00eat d'un espace d\u00e9bois\u00e9.\" class=\"wp-image-268479\" style=\"width:492px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-3-min.jpg?w=1920 1920w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-3-min.jpg?w=300 300w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-3-min.jpg?w=1024 1024w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-3-min.jpg?w=768 768w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-3-min.jpg?w=1536 1536w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-3-min.jpg?w=167 167w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-3-min.jpg?w=363 363w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-3-min.jpg?w=288 288w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-3-min.jpg?w=495 495w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-3-min.jpg?w=265 265w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-3-min.jpg?w=60 60w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-3-min.jpg?w=320 320w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-3-min.jpg?w=576 576w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-3-min.jpg?w=940 940w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-3-min.jpg?w=1080 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">De nombreux usages \u00e0 concilier \u200b\ud83d\udea8<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019utilisation des ressources d\u2019un territoire peut entra\u00eener des conflits d&rsquo;usage. C\u2019est le cas en M\u00e9diterran\u00e9en, une r\u00e9gion o\u00f9<strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/eau-ressource-strategique\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"189733\">l\u2019eau<\/a> est une ressource rare et tr\u00e8s in\u00e9galement r\u00e9partie<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>\u200b\u200b\ud83d\udc49 <strong>Autre exemple : <\/strong>le Golfe du Morbihan !<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u00e0-bas, pr\u00e9server l\u2019environnement tout en favorisant le d\u00e9veloppement \u00e9conomique est un d\u00e9fi puisque les activit\u00e9s sont vari\u00e9es (p\u00eache, tourisme, agriculture intensive, etc). Bref, la nature est soumise \u00e0 de multiples pressions comme la pollution des eaux. \ud83e\udd72<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>\ud83c\udf0f <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/climat-terrestre\/\">Les climats terrestres<\/a> et leurs caract\u00e9ristiques\u00a0!<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d&rsquo;une gestion concert\u00e9e \u200b\ud83e\udd1d<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>En France,<strong> certains outils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 mis en place pour constituer un r\u00e9seau d\u2019espaces prot\u00e9g\u00e9s<\/strong>. Il existe par exemple des r\u00e9glementations et des arr\u00eat\u00e9s pr\u00e9fectoraux concernant les parcs nationaux, les r\u00e9serves naturelles et les biotopes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200b\ud83d\udccd<strong> Note :<\/strong> un biotope est un milieu biologique pr\u00e9sentant des conditions de vie homog\u00e8nes.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\u21aa\ufe0f Selon le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.notre-environnement.gouv.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">gouvernement<\/a>, on comptait en 2018 :<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <ul>\n<li>870 arr\u00eat\u00e9s en France m\u00e9tropolitaine ;<\/li>\n<li>et 41 en Outre-mer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200b\u200b\ud83d\udc49 En somme, on cherche \u00e0 concilier protection des milieux (terrestres et marins) et d\u00e9veloppement durable des activit\u00e9s, et \u00e7a, \u00e7a donne le <em>smile<\/em> !\u200b \ud83d\ude0a<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycw==\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;rsquo; global #3 = CPG3\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Martin2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Martin<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">23\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jade2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jade<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Bastien2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Bastien<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Polytechnique<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Emilie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Emilie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Hugo2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Hugo<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Insa Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">16\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Alma2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Alma<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris-Saclay<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/David2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">David<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">EDHEC<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jeanne2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jeanne<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin de cours particuliers ? <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><!-- notionvc: 27874cb7-7cca-4c68-a2e3-ea8000cbb55b --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p><span style=\"color: #48b378;\">4 points<\/span> de plus sur ta <span style=\"color: #48b378;\">moyenne<\/span> avec nos profs Sherpas ! <span role=\"image\" aria-label=\"\ud83d\udcc8\">\ud83d\udcc8<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS GRATUIT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quelles sont les fonctions des espaces ruraux ?\u200b \ud83d\udce2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Aujourd\u2019hui,<strong> les espaces ruraux ne se limitent plus uniquement \u00e0 des fonctions agricoles<\/strong>. Ils ont \u00e9volu\u00e9 et refl\u00e8tent des changements sociaux et \u00e9conomiques. \u00c7a t&rsquo;intrigue ? Approche, on va te pr\u00e9senter les diff\u00e9rentes fonctions des espaces ruraux !\u200b \ud83d\ude80<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Des fonctions productives vari\u00e9es 1\ufe0f\u20e3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Eh oui, il est fini le temps o\u00f9 l\u2019on ne voyait que des fourches dans les champs ! Les fonctions agricoles ont \u00e9volu\u00e9 et ont amen\u00e9 avec elles <strong>des transformations majeures<\/strong> comme :<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <ul>\n<li>l\u2019utilisation de technologies modernes ;<\/li>\n<li>des pratiques durables ;<\/li>\n<li>l\u2019\u00e9mergence de l\u2019agroalimentaire.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200b\u200b\ud83d\udc49 L\u2019agroalimentaire rural englobe \u00e0 pr\u00e9sent des entreprises locales ax\u00e9es sur des produits artisanaux de qualit\u00e9 et des exploitations familiales. Bref, <strong>la tradition et l\u2019innovation s\u2019associent <\/strong>pour r\u00e9pondre aux besoins de la population !\u200b \ud83d\ude0c<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"247\" src=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/shake-hands.gif?func=bound&amp;w=500&amp;h=247\" alt=\"Deux hommes se serrent la main.\" class=\"wp-image-264997\" style=\"width:570px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Des mutations d\u00e9mographiques et r\u00e9sidentielles 2\ufe0f\u20e3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>De m\u00eame, certains espaces ne se caract\u00e9risent plus par une d\u00e9mographie en d\u00e9clin et <strong>gagnent en dynamisme<\/strong>. Les nouveaux r\u00e9sidents sont attir\u00e9s par :<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <ul>\n<li>la perspective d\u2019une vie meilleure ;<\/li>\n<li>une qualit\u00e9 de vie am\u00e9lior\u00e9e ;<\/li>\n<li>la proximit\u00e9 avec la nature ;<\/li>\n<li>les co\u00fbts immobiliers plus abordables.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200b\u200b\ud83d\udc49 Pour t\u2019aider \u00e0 comprendre ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne, voici un graphique des dynamiques d\u00e9mographiques des espaces ruraux depuis 1950 (<a href=\"https:\/\/geoconfluences.ens-lyon.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">G\u00e9oconfluences<\/a>, ENS Lyon) :<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1275\" height=\"663\" src=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-schema.png?func=bound&amp;w=1024&amp;h=663\" alt=\"Un graphique montrant les dynamiques d\u00e9mographiques des espaces ruraux depuis 1950.\" class=\"wp-image-268480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-schema.png?w=1275 1275w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-schema.png?w=300 300w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-schema.png?w=1024 1024w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-schema.png?w=768 768w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-schema.png?w=200 200w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-schema.png?w=396 396w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-schema.png?w=288 288w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-schema.png?w=610 610w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-schema.png?w=265 265w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-schema.png?w=60 60w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-schema.png?w=320 320w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-schema.png?w=576 576w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-schema.png?w=940 940w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/espaces-ruraux-schema.png?w=1080 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1275px) 100vw, 1275px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u26a0\ufe0f <strong>Attention : <\/strong>beaucoup d\u2019espaces restent d\u00e9pendants des villes. Les habitants s\u2019y rendent pour chercher des emplois et avoir acc\u00e8s aux services publics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Des fins touristiques et r\u00e9cr\u00e9atives 3\ufe0f\u20e3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour finir, <strong>les espaces ruraux sont devenus des destinations attractives<\/strong> pour le tourisme et les loisirs. Ils attirent des visiteurs en qu\u00eate :<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <ul>\n<li>d\u2019authenticit\u00e9 ;<\/li>\n<li>de d\u00e9paysement ;<\/li>\n<li>de paysages naturels pr\u00e9serv\u00e9s ;<\/li>\n<li>de traditions locales ;<\/li>\n<li>d\u2019exp\u00e9riences uniques.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u200b\u200b\ud83d\udc49 Certains territoires exploitent habilement leur patrimoine pour <strong>diversifier leur offre touristique,<\/strong> allant de l&rsquo;agritourisme \u00e0 la d\u00e9couverte de sites historiques.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>\u200b\ud83d\udccd<strong> Note : <\/strong>l\u2019agritourisme pr\u00f4ne les savoir-faire agricoles d\u2019un territoire.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p>Depuis 35 ans, <span style=\"color: #0000ff\">notre r\u00e9seau \u00ab\u00a0Bienvenue \u00e0 la ferme\u00a0\u00bb propose de vivre<\/span> des exp\u00e9riences sous diff\u00e9rentes formes.<\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos  citation__infos--full \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\">Isabelle Perry<\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\">Responsable de l\u2019agritourisme des Vosges<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Parall\u00e8lement, les espaces ruraux proposent <strong>une large vari\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u2019activit\u00e9s r\u00e9cr\u00e9atives<\/strong> comme la randonn\u00e9e, le cyclisme, la p\u00eache\u2026 Autant te dire que tu as de quoi faire !\u200b \ud83e\udd2d<\/p>\n\n\n<section\n    class=\"articles articles--vertical articles--3\">\n    <div  class=\"container\" >\n        <div class=\"articles__top\">\n        <p class=\"t-05\">D\u00e9couvre d&rsquo;autres articles de g\u00e9o !<\/p>\n                <\/div>\n        <div class=\"row\">\n            \n                <div class=\"col-12 col-xl-4 \">\n                    <div\n\n   class=\"article-card-vertical  article-card-vertical--3   \">\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/transition-demographique\/\">\n            <picture>\n                <source srcset=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/transition-demographique.jpg?func=bound&#038;w=396&#038;h=272\" media=\"(min-width: 999px)\">\n                <source srcset=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/transition-demographique.jpg?func=crop&#038;w=80&#038;h=80\" media=\"(max-width: 999px)\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"article-card-vertical__image\" src=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/transition-demographique.jpg?func=bound&#038;w=396&#038;h=272\" alt=\"La transition d\u00e9mographique : le casse-t\u00eate mondial&nbsp;\u00a0\">\n            <\/picture>\n\n        <\/a>\n        <div class=\"article-card-vertical__content\">\n        <a class=\"article-card-vertical__link\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/transition-demographique\/\">\n            <h3 class=\"article-card-vertical__title\">\n                La transition d\u00e9mographique : le casse-t\u00eate mondial&nbsp;\ud83e\udd2f\u00a0\n            <\/h3>\n                            <div class=\"article-card-vertical__text\">\n                    Connais-tu la transition d\u00e9mographique ? Tu te demandes peut-\u00eatre ce que c&rsquo;est exactement ? Eh bien, c&rsquo;est tout (&#8230;)\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/a>\n                    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tags\">\n\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/tag\/fiche-revision\/\" class=\"article-card-vertical__tag badge\">Fiche de r\u00e9vision<\/a>            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n\n\n            \n                <div class=\"col-12 col-xl-4 \">\n                    <div\n\n   class=\"article-card-vertical  article-card-vertical--3   \">\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/decentralisation\/\">\n            <picture>\n                <source srcset=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/decentralisation.jpg?func=bound&#038;w=396&#038;h=272\" media=\"(min-width: 999px)\">\n                <source srcset=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/decentralisation.jpg?func=crop&#038;w=80&#038;h=80\" media=\"(max-width: 999px)\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"article-card-vertical__image\" src=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/decentralisation.jpg?func=bound&#038;w=396&#038;h=272\" alt=\"La d\u00e9centralisation, une pr\u00e9sentation en b\u00e9ton !&nbsp;\">\n            <\/picture>\n\n        <\/a>\n        <div class=\"article-card-vertical__content\">\n        <a class=\"article-card-vertical__link\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/decentralisation\/\">\n            <h3 class=\"article-card-vertical__title\">\n                La d\u00e9centralisation, une pr\u00e9sentation en b\u00e9ton !&nbsp;\ud83d\udcaa\n            <\/h3>\n                            <div class=\"article-card-vertical__text\">\n                    Tu sors d\u2019un cours de droit ? De g\u00e9ographie ? Tu as but\u00e9 sur la notion de d\u00e9centralisation (&#8230;)\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/a>\n                    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tags\">\n\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/tag\/justice\/\" class=\"article-card-vertical__tag badge\">Justice<\/a>            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n\n\n            \n                <div class=\"col-12 col-xl-4 \">\n                    <div\n\n   class=\"article-card-vertical  article-card-vertical--3   \">\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/la-transition-energetique\/\">\n            <picture>\n                <source srcset=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/pexels-marcin-jozwiak-3641377-scaled.jpg?func=bound&#038;w=396&#038;h=272\" media=\"(min-width: 999px)\">\n                <source srcset=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/pexels-marcin-jozwiak-3641377-scaled.jpg?func=crop&#038;w=80&#038;h=80\" media=\"(max-width: 999px)\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"article-card-vertical__image\" src=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/pexels-marcin-jozwiak-3641377-scaled.jpg?func=bound&#038;w=396&#038;h=272\" alt=\"La transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique : enjeux, challenges, objectifs ?&nbsp;\">\n            <\/picture>\n\n        <\/a>\n        <div class=\"article-card-vertical__content\">\n        <a class=\"article-card-vertical__link\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/la-transition-energetique\/\">\n            <h3 class=\"article-card-vertical__title\">\n                La transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique : enjeux, challenges, objectifs ?&nbsp;\ud83c\udf0d\n            <\/h3>\n                            <div class=\"article-card-vertical__text\">\n                    Le rapport du GIEC 2022 met en lumi\u00e8re les mesures que l\u2019Homme\u00a0doit instaurer pour contenir le d\u00e9r\u00e8glement du (&#8230;)\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/a>\n                    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tags\">\n\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/tag\/ecologie\/\" class=\"article-card-vertical__tag badge\">\u00c9cologie<\/a>            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n\n\n                    <\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quels sont les enjeux de ces mutations ? \u2705<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Si les espaces ruraux sont devenus multifonctionnels, on peut aussi se demander quels enjeux soul\u00e8ve cette \u00e9volution. Qu\u2019y a-t-il au-del\u00e0 de ces transformations\u202f? <strong>Les d\u00e9fis sont nombreux sur le plan \u00e9conomique, social et environnemental<\/strong>. D\u00e9couvre-les !\u200b \ud83d\udd25<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les enjeux \u00e9conomiques et sociaux\u200b \ud83d\udcb8<\/h3>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>\ud83d\udccd La revitalisation des espaces ruraux apporte de nouvelles opportunit\u00e9s, mais g\u00e9n\u00e8re \u00e9galement des d\u00e9fis \u00e9conomiques et sociaux.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u200b\ud83d\udccd La diversification des activit\u00e9s, notamment le tourisme, cr\u00e9e des disparit\u00e9s dans la r\u00e9partition des revenus et engendre des tensions sociales.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u200b\ud83d\udccd L\u2019arriv\u00e9e de nouveaux r\u00e9sidents peut entra\u00eener des in\u00e9galit\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques, n\u00e9cessitant une gestion appropri\u00e9e pour maintenir une harmonie communautaire.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les d\u00e9fis environnementaux\u200b \ud83c\udf33<\/h3>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>\ud83d\udccd La revitalisation des espaces ruraux apporte de nouvelles opportunit\u00e9s, mais g\u00e9n\u00e8re \u00e9galement des d\u00e9fis \u00e9conomiques et sociaux.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u200b\ud83d\udccd La diversification des activit\u00e9s, notamment le tourisme, cr\u00e9e des disparit\u00e9s dans la r\u00e9partition des revenus et engendre des tensions sociales.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u200b\ud83d\udccd L\u2019arriv\u00e9e de nouveaux r\u00e9sidents peut entra\u00eener des in\u00e9galit\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques, n\u00e9cessitant une gestion appropri\u00e9e pour maintenir une harmonie communautaire.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion\u200b \ud83d\udcd6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>On esp\u00e8re que cette fiche de cours t\u2019a permis de <strong>comprendre la notion d\u2019espace rural<\/strong>. Si cet article t\u2019a plu, n\u2019h\u00e9site pas \u00e0 le noter et \u00e0 le commenter. \u00c0 bient\u00f4t !\u200b \ud83d\ude0a<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;268439&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;8&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;5\\\/5 - (8 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Espaces ruraux : multifonctionnalit\u00e9 ou fragmentation ? \ud83c\udfde\ufe0f&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;142.5&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 142.5px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            5\/5 - (8 votes)    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Si tu es au lyc\u00e9e, tu as d\u00fb entendre parler de la notion d\u2019espace rural. En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, on (&#8230;)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":329,"featured_media":268473,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"category":[803,822],"tag":[317,358,79],"class_list":["post-268439","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apprendre-matiere","category-geographie","tag-bac","tag-france","tag-lycee"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/268439","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/329"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=268439"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/268439\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/268473"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=268439"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category?post=268439"},{"taxonomy":"tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag?post=268439"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}