{"id":267729,"date":"2023-11-21T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-11-21T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/?p=267729"},"modified":"2024-07-03T09:57:17","modified_gmt":"2024-07-03T07:57:17","slug":"indiana-jones","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/indiana-jones\/","title":{"rendered":"Indiana Jones : les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences historiques de l\u2019\u0153uvre \ud83c\udfa5"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Caract\u00e8re principal et h\u00e9ros de sa propre saga, <strong>Indiana Jones est un personnage embl\u00e9matique<\/strong> qui aura marqu\u00e9 plusieurs g\u00e9n\u00e9rations. Et ce n&rsquo;est pas parce qu\u2019il porte un chapeau de touriste et que son arme f\u00e9tiche est un lasso qu\u2019il ne peut pas \u00eatre styl\u00e9. Ok ? \ud83d\ude20 C\u2019est le moment de partir \u00e0<strong> l\u2019aventure<\/strong> apparemment, voyons voir combien de cordes a Indiana<strong> Jones<\/strong> \u00e0 son lasso.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/D2Fx0tsvNKIrQWNxmL\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Indiana Jones se bat avec son lasso\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"qui-est-indiana-jones\">Qui est Indiana Jones ? \ud83e\udd14<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Indy, de son petit surnom<\/strong>, nous cache bien des choses. Mais qui \u00e9tait vraiment <strong>cet arch\u00e9ologue en qu\u00eate perp\u00e9tuelle de reliques sacr\u00e9es<\/strong> ?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"un-personnage-de-fiction-aux-inspirations-multiples\">Un personnage de fiction aux inspirations multiples \ud83d\udcad<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bon, on t\u2019arr\u00eate tout de suite, <strong>Indiana Jones n\u2019a pas exist\u00e9 dans la vraie vie, malheureusement<\/strong>. C\u2019est bel et bien <strong>un personnage de fiction, probablement inspir\u00e9 de plusieurs personnages historiques<\/strong>, certes, mais cela n\u2019est pas av\u00e9r\u00e9. \u274c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En parlant de ceux qui ont eu l\u2019id\u00e9e de cette saga, qui sont-ils ? Eh bien, c\u2019est dans l\u2019esprit de <strong>George Lucas, connu en partie pour \u00eatre le r\u00e9alisateur de la c\u00e9l\u00e8bre \u00e9pop\u00e9e <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/star-wars\/\"><strong><em>Star Wars<\/em><\/strong><\/a><em>, <\/em>que na\u00eet la figure d\u2019Indiana Jones. \ud83e\udde0<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udc41\ufe0f\u200d\ud83d\udde8\ufe0f Fun fact<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Pour les aventures d\u2019Indiana Jones, certains pensent que George Lucas s\u2019est inspir\u00e9 en partie des aventures de Tintin, la bande-dessin\u00e9 belge \u00e9crite par Georges Remi dit Herg\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Malheureusement, son emploi du temps charg\u00e9 l\u2019emp\u00eache de r\u00e9aliser cette id\u00e9e et de mener \u00e0 bien <strong>la r\u00e9alisation des films Indiana Jones<\/strong>. \ud83d\ude22<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00e9anmoins, alors qu\u2019il \u00e9tait en train de faire bronzette \u00e0 Hawa\u00ef avec son pote <strong>Steven Spielberg<\/strong> (petit r\u00e9alisateur), George fait part de sa brillante id\u00e9e \u00e0 son ami. \ud83d\udcac<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/mCJkHm7o6vSoAKcLY7\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"un chien fait bronzette \u00e0 la plage\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>L\u2019histoire est en marche et c\u2019est bien <strong>Spielberg qui prendra les r\u00eanes de la r\u00e9alisation de la trilogie<\/strong> (oui, de base, ils partaient pour 3 films dans les ann\u00e9es 80 puis ils en ont fait 2 autres dans les ann\u00e9es 2000) et <strong>George Lucas aura le r\u00f4le de coproducteur<\/strong>. \ud83c\udfa5<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udde1\ufe0f Contexte historique<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><strong>Indiana Jones traverse l\u2019histoire du XXe si\u00e8cle.<\/strong> Les trois premiers films se d\u00e9roulent \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque de <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/la-premiere-guerre-mondiale\/\">la Premi\u00e8re<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/seconde-guerre-mondiale-1939-1945\/\">Seconde Guerre mondiale<\/a> et quant aux deux derniers, en pleine <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/guerre-froide-2\/\">Guerre froide<\/a> entre les \u00c9tats-Unis et l\u2019URSS.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9mdW5uZWwtc3R1ZGVudC1xdWFsaWZpY2F0aW9u\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;rsquo; global #1 = CPG1\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/David2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">David<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">EDHEC<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Nicolas2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Nicolas<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">CentraleSup\u00e9lec<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Margot2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Margot<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Arts et M\u00e9tiers ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">22\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Emilie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Emilie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Noemie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">No\u00e9mie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">M2 en droit \u00e0 Assas<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jeanne2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jeanne<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Antoine2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Antoine<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">18\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Ton premier cours particulier est offert ! <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\ud83c\udf81\">\ud83c\udf81<\/span><!-- notionvc: 91b6b7d7-50f2-46f4-ae1f-ecbabe834aad --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont pass\u00e9s par les meilleures \u00e9coles et universit\u00e9s.<!-- notionvc: 21bb66b6-b36d-4ce8-8950-173722d75a1e --><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: #ffffff; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        J&rsquo;EN PROFITE MAINTENANT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"la-presentation-de-laventurier-indiana-jones\">La pr\u00e9sentation de l\u2019aventurier Indiana Jones \ud83e\udd20<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Concentrons un peu sur Indiana Jones lui-m\u00eame. Ce que tu dois retenir dans un premier temps, c\u2019est que son vrai nom est <strong>Henry Walton Jones Jr.<\/strong> (pas ouf le blaze), qu\u2019il est n\u00e9 dans le New Jersey, \u00c9tats-Unis et qu\u2019<strong>il est professeur d\u2019arch\u00e9ologie<\/strong>. \ud83e\uddd1\u200d\ud83c\udfeb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est l\u00e0 que<strong> les aventures de notre petit Jones<\/strong> prennent tout leur sens, le gars est arch\u00e9ologue ! Son m\u00e9tier consiste \u00e0 \u00e9tudier l&rsquo;\u00eatre humain \u00e0 travers l&rsquo;ensemble des vestiges rest\u00e9s intacts au cours des si\u00e8cles. \ud83c\udffa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quoi de mieux pour justifier le fait qu\u2019il parte \u00e0 la recherche de reliques du pass\u00e9 ? C\u2019est ce qui cr\u00e9dibilise aussi <strong>le choix des producteurs<\/strong> de faire <strong>d\u2019innombrables r\u00e9f\u00e9rences historiques tout au long de la saga<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83c\udfac Harrison Ford<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Le personnage d\u2019Indy est incarn\u00e9 tout au long de la saga par l\u2019acteur am\u00e9ricain Harrison Ford. Connu \u00e9galement pour avoir jou\u00e9 le r\u00f4le de Han Solo dans <em>Star Wars<\/em> et de Rick Deckard dans le film de <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/science-fiction\/\">science-fiction<\/a> <em>Blade Runner<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"relance\">\n        <div >\n                            <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/histoire\">\n                    <div class=\"relance__container\"\n                        >\n                        \n                                                        <picture>\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-6.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 999px)\">\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-6.jpg\" media=\"(max-width: 999px)\">\n                                <img decoding=\"async\"\n                                    src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-6.jpg\"\n                                    alt=\"Personne qui donne des cours particuliers\"\n                                >\n                            <\/picture>\n                                                <div class=\"relance__content\">\n                            \n                                <div class=\"relance__title\"> <p>Tu gal\u00e8res en histoire ? Trouve ton prof particulier chez les Sherpas !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <button type=\"button\"\n                                    class=\"relance__button btn btn-white\">\n                                Trouve ton prof d&rsquo;histoire !\n                            <\/button>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n    \n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"les-references-historiques-du-film-les-aventuriers-de-larche-perdue\">Les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences historiques du film \u00ab Les aventuriers de l\u2019arche perdue \u00bb \ud83d\udd25<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est parti, on s\u2019installe tranquillement dans son fauteuil et on lance le marathon Indiana Jones. <strong>Le premier film, r\u00e9alis\u00e9 en 1981, nous plonge quelques ann\u00e9es en arri\u00e8re, en 1936<\/strong> plus exactement.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/9J8gnvAxmDFbG\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Indiana Jones est devant la relique du premier film\" style=\"width:375px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"levocation-du-nazisme\">L\u2019\u00e9vocation du nazisme \ud83d\udc7f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Si t\u2019as suivi en cours, tu n\u2019es pas sans savoir que <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/allemagne-nazie\/\"><strong>l\u2019Allemagne nazie<\/strong><\/a><strong> devient de plus en plus puissante \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque<\/strong> et que <strong>le tristement c\u00e9l\u00e8bre Adolf Hitler <\/strong>est sur le point de semer le chaos sur le monde. \ud83d\udca5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans l\u2019arche perdue, notre h\u00e9ros I<strong>ndiana Jones est oppos\u00e9 aux nazis<\/strong> et doit tout mettre en \u0153uvre pour que ces derniers ne mettent pas la main sur <strong>une relique qui leur conf\u00e9rerait des pouvoirs<\/strong> et m\u00e8nerait leur arm\u00e9e \u00e0 une victoire totale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Certes, c\u2019est une histoire fictive, mais <strong>la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence historique sur le th\u00e8me du nazisme et de l\u2019av\u00e8nement de la Seconde Guerre mondiale<\/strong> est bien pr\u00e9sente et Indiana Jones nous plonge pour la premi\u00e8re fois dans l\u2019histoire. \ud83e\udd3f<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>Voici notre top <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/film-holocauste\/\">8 films pour mieux comprendre l\u2019holocauste<\/a> ! \ud83c\udf9e\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"les-references-bibliques\">Les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences bibliques \ud83d\udcff<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>On te parlait de relique un peu plus haut. Eh bah, cette derni\u00e8re est <strong>une r\u00e9f\u00e9rence directe au texte sacr\u00e9 de la Bible.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Indiana Jones<\/strong> joue les aventuriers pour retrouver <strong>l\u2019Arche d\u2019alliance, un coffre de bois recouvert d\u2019or qui, selon la Bible, contient les Tables de la Loi<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udcd6 Les Tables de la Loi, c\u2019est quoi ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Ce sont les tables en pierre sur lesquelles Dieu aurait grav\u00e9 les Dix Paroles pour le juda\u00efsme ou bien les 10 commandements pour le christianisme. Ces tables furent remises \u00e0 Mo\u00efse, premier proph\u00e8te du juda\u00efsme, sur le mont Sina\u00ef (montagne en \u00c9gypte).<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette m\u00eame <strong>Arche d\u2019alliance, mentionn\u00e9e dans l\u2019Ancien Testament<\/strong>, est <strong>la relique sacr\u00e9e du premier film d\u2019Indiana Jones<\/strong>, un moyen pour Lucas et Spielberg de placer des r\u00e9f\u00e9rences bibliques au sein de leur \u0153uvre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Au passage, ils se permettent de faire un autre clin d&rsquo;\u0153il religieux, et de faire sortir du coffre, \u00e0 la fin du long-m\u00e9trage, <strong>des s\u00e9raphins<\/strong>. Pour ta gouverne, ce sont <strong>des cr\u00e9atures c\u00e9lestes poss\u00e9dant trois paires d\u2019ailes et que l\u2019on retrouve dans l&rsquo;Ancien Testament<\/strong>. \ud83e\udebd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"mythologie-egyptienne\">Mythologie \u00e9gyptienne \ud83c\uddea\ud83c\uddec<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce n\u2019est pas la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence la plus \u00e9vidente dans \u00ab les aventuriers de l\u2019arche perdue \u00bb mais <strong>une r\u00e9f\u00e9rence envers la mythologie \u00e9gyptienne<\/strong> est dans le film.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On peut noter que <strong>Indiana Jones se rend en \u00c9gypte au cours de son p\u00e9riple<\/strong>, et ce n\u2019est pas un hasard. \ud83d\udc63<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En effet, en parall\u00e8le de la qu\u00eate pour l\u2019Arche d\u2019alliance, Jones et ses compagnons vont aussi chercher <strong>un artefact, symbole de la mythologie \u00e9gyptienne<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ils doivent effectivement mettre la main sur <strong>le m\u00e9daillon de R\u00ea (ou R\u00e2), un artefact sacr\u00e9<\/strong>, lui aussi aux pouvoirs assez spectaculaires. \ud83e\ude84<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\u2600\ufe0f Le dieu R\u00e2<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Le dieu R\u00ea ou R\u00e2 est un dieu solaire de la mythologie \u00e9gyptienne. Il n\u2019est pas seulement le dieu du soleil, mais aussi cr\u00e9ateur de l&rsquo;univers.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>Si tu veux conna\u00eetre <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/pyramides-gizeh\/\">la v\u00e9ritable histoire des pyramides de Gizeh<\/a>, regarde cet article ! \ud83d\uddfa\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9mdW5uZWwtc3R1ZGVudC1xdWFsaWZpY2F0aW9u\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;rsquo; global #2 = CPG2\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Cle\u0301mence2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Cl\u00e9mence<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n              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                     style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Thibault2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Thibault<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris Ulm<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">20\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Sophie2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Sophie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Bordeaux<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">12\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Noemie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">No\u00e9mie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">M2 en droit \u00e0 Assas<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fanny2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Fanny<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Ponts ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Simon2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Simon<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">4e ann\u00e9e de m\u00e9decine<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Nicolas2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Nicolas<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">CentraleSup\u00e9lec<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin d&rsquo;un prof particulier ? <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><!-- notionvc: 9b5ed38b-ea2e-4d3c-a3bb-f0091c2eedd2 --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont l\u00e0 pour t&rsquo;aider \u00e0 progresser !<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!-- notionvc: 20490bdd-6579-484b-9d99-0ff0bc1aa8e7 --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS OFFERT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"les-references-historiques-du-film-indiana-jones-et-le-temple-maudit\">Les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences historiques du film \u00ab Indiana Jones et le Temple maudit \u00bb \ud83d\udc7b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>On remonte l\u00e9g\u00e8rement dans le temps et <strong>nous voil\u00e0 en 1935. Le film, quant \u00e0 lui, sort sur le grand \u00e9cran en 1984<\/strong>. Que nous r\u00e9serve <strong>ce second volet des aventures d\u2019Indiana Jones <\/strong>? \ud83e\udd14<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/RJOYRvEEeMlby\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Indiana Jones se bat contre un Thug\" style=\"width:463px;height:auto\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Il n&rsquo;a pas le temps Indy !<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"linde-ancienne-colonie-britannique\">L\u2019Inde, ancienne colonie britannique \ud83c\uddee\ud83c\uddf3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Le film se d\u00e9roule principalement sur le territoire indien et comme tu le sais sans doute, <strong>l&rsquo;Inde a \u00e9t\u00e9 pendant longtemps une colonie britannique<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette p\u00e9riode de <strong>colonisation du Royaume-Uni s\u2019\u00e9tale de 1757 \u00e0 1947<\/strong>,<strong> ann\u00e9e de l&rsquo;ind\u00e9pendance de l\u2019Inde<\/strong>. \u00c0 vrai dire, <strong>la pr\u00e9sence et mainmise des Britanniques sur les Indes orientales commence m\u00eame \u00e0 partir de 1600<\/strong>. \u270b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour te contextualiser,<strong> en 1935<\/strong>, ann\u00e9e des aventures de Jones, <strong>l\u2019Inde est toujours sous le contr\u00f4le de la couronne britannique<\/strong>. \ud83d\udc51<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le film est bourr\u00e9 (on ne parle pas d\u2019alcool, relax) de r\u00e9f\u00e9rences \u00e0 cette p\u00e9riode de l\u2019histoire. La preuve qu\u2019on peut profiter d\u2019un bon film tout en se cultivant. Raconter <strong>l\u2019histoire de l\u2019Inde<\/strong> est aussi l&rsquo;occasion d\u2019\u00e9voquer <strong>l\u2019hindouisme<\/strong>. \ud83d\uded5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tu connais maintenant l\u2019amour de Jones pour <strong>les reliques et les artefacts sacr\u00e9s<\/strong>, le deuxi\u00e8me volet n\u2019\u00e9chappe pas \u00e0 <strong>l\u2019essence m\u00eame de la saga<\/strong> et des mentions sur <strong>la culture hindouiste<\/strong> sont pr\u00e9sentes dans \u00ab Indiana Jones et le Temple maudit \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83c\uddee\ud83c\uddf3 L\u2019hindouisme, c\u2019est quoi ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>L&rsquo;hindouisme est la religion la plus r\u00e9pandue en Inde. Les hindous sont polyth\u00e9istes, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire qu\u2019ils croient en plusieurs dieux qui ne sont en fait que les diff\u00e9rentes facettes d&rsquo;une seule entit\u00e9, le brahman.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Le brahman est le fondement et la cause ultime de tout ce qui existe.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"la-secte-des-thugs\">La secte des \u00ab Thugs \u00bb \ud83d\udde1\ufe0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Parce que l\u2019histoire ne s\u2019arr\u00eate jamais, surtout pour un arch\u00e9ologue, ce second volet \u00e9voque <strong>la secte des Thugs<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Les Thugs, Thags ou Thag\u00ees \u00e9taient une confr\u00e9rie d&rsquo;assassins <\/strong>(rien que \u00e7a) pr\u00e9sents du XIIIe au XXe si\u00e8cle en Inde. <strong>Ils r\u00e9sistaient notamment \u00e0 la colonisation anglaise en Inde<\/strong>.\ud83e\ude78<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chose importante \u00e0 savoir sur cette secte de tueurs : <strong>ils idol\u00e2traient la d\u00e9esse K\u00e2l\u00ee<\/strong>. Et comme tu t\u2019en doutes, cette <strong>d\u00e9esse<\/strong> n\u2019\u00e9tait malheureusement pas celle de la gentillesse et du c\u00e2lin r\u00e9confortant, mais bel et bien <strong>de la destruction<\/strong> (cool). \ud83d\ude28<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/XAdbHJywVjF5K\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Jake Peralta balance sa r\u00e9plique favorite \" style=\"width:390px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Notre h\u00e9ros Indiana Jones est amen\u00e9 \u00e0 combattre la secte des Thugs dans le film et finit par triompher de ces derniers.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83e\udd2f Fun Fact<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><strong>Le terme \u00ab thug \u00bb <\/strong>peut d\u00e9signer un rebelle, quelqu\u2019un qui ne respecte pas les r\u00e8gles, vient de cette secte des Thugs. Le terme veut dire \u00ab voyou \u00bb dans la langue de Shakespeare.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/b2kuayTas5cE8\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Tupac Shakur dance\" style=\"width:375px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Et si toutes ces connaissances ont du mal \u00e0 entrer dans ta t\u00eate, n\u2019h\u00e9site pas \u00e0 prendre <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/histoire\">des cours particuliers d&rsquo;histoire<\/a> avec les Sherpas ! \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"les-references-historiques-du-film-indiana-jones-et-la-derniere-croisade\">Les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences historiques du film \u00ab Indiana Jones et la Derni\u00e8re Croisade \u00bb \ud83c\udfac<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Troisi\u00e8me et dernier film de la trilogie d&rsquo;Indiana Jones des ann\u00e9es 80, la Derni\u00e8re Croisade (sorti au cin\u00e9ma en 1989) se d\u00e9roule <strong>en 1938, \u00e0 l\u2019aube de la Seconde Guerre mondiale<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"lavenement-de-la-seconde-guerre-mondiale\">L\u2019av\u00e8nement de la Seconde Guerre mondiale \u2694\ufe0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce troisi\u00e8me volet est en quelque sorte un retour aux sources vis-\u00e0-vis du premier film de la saga. <strong>Indiana Jones va de nouveau devoir faire face aux nazis<\/strong>, qui ont entre temps pris un peu plus le pouvoir en Allemagne. Jones aura d\u2019ailleurs l\u2019occasion de se rendre en Allemagne et en Autriche lors de ses aventures tumultueuses. \ud83d\udee9\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On ne va pas te refaire un cours sur la Seconde Guerre mondiale, mais sache que <strong>Lucas et Spielberg font encore de nombreuses allusions \u00e0 cette p\u00e9riode charni\u00e8re de l\u2019histoire<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"le-graal-reference-biblique\">Le Graal, r\u00e9f\u00e9rence biblique ? \ud83d\udc40<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>On se demande pour quelle relique les personnages vont se battre cette fois. Surprise ! C\u2019est <strong>le Graal<\/strong>, notre vedette du jour.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\u267e\ufe0f Le Graal, c\u2019est quoi ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Le Graal ou le Saint-Graal est un objet mythique, en forme de coupe, qui contiendrait de la nourriture miraculeuse qui se renouvelle tous les jours.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans <strong>le film \u00ab Indiana Jones et la Derni\u00e8re Croisade \u00bb<\/strong>, <strong>le Graal contient un liquide qui donnerait la vie \u00e9ternelle<\/strong> et qui peut aussi gu\u00e9rir n\u2019importe quelle blessure et donc sauver quelqu\u2019un. \ud83e\ude79<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On verra que la d\u00e9finition et v\u00e9ritable nature du Graal est changeante, selon les mythes et histoires qui se sont r\u00e9pandus \u00e0 son \u00e9gard.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"le-saint-graal-figure-de-la-legende-arthurienne\">Le Saint-Graal, figure de la l\u00e9gende arthurienne \ud83e\udec5<\/h4>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udc0e Son apparition dans le texte de <em>Perceval ou le conte du Graal<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><strong>La premi\u00e8re mention de cet objet sacr\u00e9<\/strong> appara\u00eet dans le conte d\u2019un po\u00e8te fran\u00e7ais. <strong>Il s\u2019agit de Chr\u00e9tien de Troyes, l\u2019auteur de <em>Perceval ou le conte du Graal<\/em><\/strong>, \u00e9crit au XIIe si\u00e8cle de notre \u00e8re. \u270d\ufe0f<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Le texte raconte l\u2019histoire de <strong>Perceval, un jeune chevalier<\/strong> qui se lance dans <strong>la qu\u00eate, rempli de p\u00e9rip\u00e9ties, de la relique du Graal<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>L&rsquo;\u0153uvre de Chr\u00e9tien de Troyes fait partie int\u00e9grante de <strong>la l\u00e9gende arthurienne<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette l\u00e9gende repr\u00e9sente <strong>l\u2019ensemble des textes et romances m\u00e9di\u00e9vales<\/strong> <strong>autour du Roi Arthur<\/strong>, de ses compagnons et de leur qu\u00eate du Graal. \ud83e\udded<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ces histoires se concentrent souvent sur <strong>les aventures des chevaliers de la Table ronde<\/strong> (dit aussi romans de la Table ronde), qui \u00e9taient au service du roi Arthur ou bien sur <strong>les aventures du fameux Lancelot du Lac<\/strong>. \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>La l\u00e9gende arthurienne ou cycle arthurien<\/strong> (car c\u2019est un cycle litt\u00e9raire) est <strong>un th\u00e8me issu des anciens peuples celtes de Grand-Bretagne et de l\u2019Armorique<\/strong> (Nord-Ouest de la France, entre la Loire et la Seine).<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\u2694\ufe0f Le roi Arthur<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>D\u2019apr\u00e8s les romances m\u00e9di\u00e9vales, Arthur est un roi breton qui aurait vaillamment d\u00e9fendu et lutt\u00e9 pour les peuples celtes des \u00eeles britanniques et de Bretagne Armoricaine face aux envahisseurs germaniques, lors des conflits entre le Ve et VIe si\u00e8cle. Son existence n\u2019est toutefois pas certaine.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Le ch\u00e2teau dans lequel le roi Arthur s\u00e9journait \u00e9tait nomm\u00e9 \u00ab Camelot \u00bb et la Table ronde repr\u00e9sentait la table autour de laquelle se r\u00e9unissaient Arthur et ses chevaliers.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/SXSsV4mz17ejS\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Alexandre Astier, r\u00e9alisateur de la s\u00e9rie Kaamelott\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Kaamelott !!!<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"le-graal-devient-une-reference-biblique\">Le Graal devient une r\u00e9f\u00e9rence biblique \ud83d\ude07<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Jusque-l\u00e0, notre belle relique \u00e9tait au centre d\u2019<strong>un mythe m\u00e9di\u00e9val qu\u2019on se transmet de g\u00e9n\u00e9ration en g\u00e9n\u00e9ration,<\/strong> mais quelques d\u00e9cennies <strong>plus tard, le Graal va \u00eatre \u00e9troitement li\u00e9 \u00e0 la Bible.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Robert de Boron, romancier du XIIe si\u00e8cle identifie le Graal comme le Saint-Calice<\/strong>. Pour rappel,<strong> le Calice est un vase \u00e0 boire, utilis\u00e9 par J\u00e9sus-Christ lors de la C\u00e8ne<\/strong> (son dernier repas) et c\u2019est aussi le contenant qui aurait accueilli le sang du Christ.\ud83e\ude78<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e8s lors, Robert de Boron imagine que <strong>le Saint-Graal est tout simplement inspir\u00e9 du Saint-Calice<\/strong>. \u00c0 partir de l\u00e0, <strong>la relique<\/strong> devient encore plus sacr\u00e9e et si elle <strong>contient le sang du Christ<\/strong>, <strong>boire son contenu permettrait de donner la vie \u00e9ternelle<\/strong>. \u267e\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Dans la Bible, le sang repr\u00e9sente la vie et puisque le Christ est un \u00eatre divin<\/strong>, son\u00a0sang ne peut qu\u2019avoir des <strong>vertus exceptionnelles et miraculeuses<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mais alors d\u2019o\u00f9 vient <strong>ce rapprochement entre le Saint-Calice de la Bible et le mythe celtique du Saint-Graal<\/strong> ? En fait, de nombreux passages bibliques font r\u00e9f\u00e9rence aux miracles de <strong>J\u00e9sus <\/strong>(il multiplie le pain et les poissons pour nourrir des milliers d\u2019Hommes par exemple). \ud83c\udf5e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Et vu que <strong>le Saint-Calice est associ\u00e9 au Christ de Nazareth,<\/strong> l\u2019artefact aurait la capacit\u00e9 de r\u00e9aliser les m\u00eames miracles que lui. D\u00e8s lors, <strong>la l\u00e9gende du Saint-Graal fait \u00e9chos aux r\u00e9cits bibliques autour du Calice de J\u00e9sus<\/strong>.\ud83d\udc42<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>Les mythes te fascinent et tu veux d\u00e9couvrir celui de <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/circe\/\">Circ\u00e9<\/a> ? Tu es au bon endroit ! \u2b50<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9mdW5uZWwtc3R1ZGVudC1xdWFsaWZpY2F0aW9u\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;rsquo; global #3 = CPG3\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Martin2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Martin<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">23\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jade2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jade<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Bastien2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Bastien<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Polytechnique<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Emilie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Emilie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Hugo2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Hugo<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Insa Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">16\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Alma2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Alma<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris-Saclay<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/David2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">David<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">EDHEC<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jeanne2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jeanne<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin de cours particuliers ? <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><!-- notionvc: 27874cb7-7cca-4c68-a2e3-ea8000cbb55b --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p><span style=\"color: #48b378;\">4 points<\/span> de plus sur ta <span style=\"color: #48b378;\">moyenne<\/span> avec nos profs Sherpas ! <span role=\"image\" aria-label=\"\ud83d\udcc8\">\ud83d\udcc8<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS OFFERT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"les-references-historiques-du-film-indiana-jones-et-le-royaume-du-crane-de-cristal\">Les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences historiques du film \u00ab Indiana Jones et le Royaume du cr\u00e2ne de cristal \u00bb \ud83d\udc80<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Indiana Jones reprend du service et le quatri\u00e8me film de la s\u00e9rie est r\u00e9alis\u00e9 en 2008, par Spielberg toujours. Cette fois, les \u00e9v\u00e9nements se d\u00e9roulent en 1957.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"la-guerre-froide\">La Guerre froide \ud83e\uddca<\/h3>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83e\udd76 La Guerre froide<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Ce terme d\u00e9signe l\u2019affrontement id\u00e9ologique entre <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/quiz-etats-usa\/\">les \u00c9tats-Unis<\/a> et l\u2019URSS, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par des guerres r\u00e9gionales et par une course aux armements, atomiques en particulier. La guerre s\u2019\u00e9tend de 1947 \u00e0 1991.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans cet avant-dernier volet des aventures d\u2019Indiana Jones, notre h\u00e9ros se trouve des nouveaux ennemis. Ce sont <strong>les Sovi\u00e9tiques, cherchant \u00e0 obtenir la bombe H<\/strong>, qui se dressent sur le chemin de Jones. \ud83d\udca3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>La course aux armements et \u00e0 <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/bombe-atomique\/\"><strong>la bombe atomique<\/strong><\/a> du film est donc une r\u00e9f\u00e9rence historique directe aux <strong>conflits et \u00e0 la lutte pour l\u2019armement<\/strong> que se livraient les deux camps lors de la <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/guerre-froide-2\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"261758\">Guerre froide<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1 Pour info<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Un dernier film, \u00ab Indiana Jones et le Cadran de la Destin\u00e9e \u00bb est sorti au cin\u00e9ma courant 2023. Il est r\u00e9alis\u00e9, cette fois, par James Mangold.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Les aventures de notre h\u00e9ros se d\u00e9roulent en 1969 et traitent du <strong>fameux cadran d&rsquo;Archim\u00e8de,<\/strong> une relique qui aurait le pouvoir de localiser les fissures temporelles. Harrison Ford tient toujours son r\u00f4le de l&rsquo;arch\u00e9ologue au lasso.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"les-legendes-des-societes-precolombiennes\">Les l\u00e9gendes des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s pr\u00e9colombiennes \ud83c\udf0e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Que serait un p\u00e9riple d\u2019Indy sans une relique \u00e0 la cl\u00e9 ? Cela perdrait de sa saveur effectivement.&nbsp;Cette fois, c\u2019est <strong>une relique l\u00e9gendaire, un cr\u00e2ne de cristal<\/strong> plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, des <strong>peuples pr\u00e9colombiens<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83c\udf08 Les civilisations pr\u00e9colombiennes<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Les civilisations pr\u00e9colombiennes font r\u00e9f\u00e9rence aux peuples et cultures qui se sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s en Am\u00e9rique avant la d\u00e9couverte par Christophe Colomb et la colonisation europ\u00e9enne de ce continent.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>On retrouve parmi elles la civilisation des <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/differences-azteques-mayas-incas\/\">Mayas, celles des Azt\u00e8ques et des Incas<\/a>, par exemple.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences historiques des films sont multiples et cette fois, c\u2019est une partie de <strong>l\u2019histoire de l\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Sud<\/strong> qui est trait\u00e9e. \u00ab Indiana Jones et le Royaume du cr\u00e2ne de cristal \u00bb fait d\u2019ailleurs un d\u00e9tour par le P\u00e9rou, au cours des p\u00e9rip\u00e9ties des personnages. \ud83c\uddf5\ud83c\uddea<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>Tu veux savoir qui \u00e9taient <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/les-grands-navigateurs\/\">les grands navigateurs<\/a> ? Jette un coup d&rsquo;\u0153il \u00e0 cet article sur le sujet ! \ud83d\udd2e<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bon, il nous semble qu\u2019on a fait le tour de l\u2019histoire d&rsquo;<strong>Indiana Jones et de ses nombreuses r\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/strong>. Et si ce n\u2019est pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 fait, tu n\u2019as plus qu\u2019\u00e0 te mater la saga enti\u00e8re pour compl\u00e9ter ta lecture. Bon courage, jeune aventurier ! \ud83d\udcaa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Et si t\u2019as du mal avec tous ces r\u00e9cits, n\u2019h\u00e9site pas \u00e0 prendre <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/histoire\/online\">des cours particuliers d\u2019histoire en ligne<\/a> avec l\u2019un de nos Sherpas ! \ud83d\ude00<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;267729&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;8&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;4.4&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;4.4\\\/5 - (8 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Indiana Jones : les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences historiques de l\u2019\u0153uvre \ud83c\udfa5&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;125.1&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 125.1px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            4.4\/5 - (8 votes)    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Caract\u00e8re principal et h\u00e9ros de sa propre saga, Indiana Jones est un personnage embl\u00e9matique qui aura marqu\u00e9 plusieurs (&#8230;)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":356,"featured_media":267748,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"category":[803,821],"tag":[300],"class_list":["post-267729","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apprendre-matiere","category-histoire","tag-films"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/267729","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/356"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=267729"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/267729\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/267748"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=267729"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category?post=267729"},{"taxonomy":"tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag?post=267729"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}