{"id":265850,"date":"2023-10-18T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-10-18T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/?p=265850"},"modified":"2023-12-07T17:56:18","modified_gmt":"2023-12-07T16:56:18","slug":"philosophes-lumieres","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/philosophes-lumieres\/","title":{"rendered":"Zoom sur le si\u00e8cle des Lumi\u00e8res \ud83d\udca1"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Comment sont apparues les Lumi\u00e8res ? Qui sont les philosophes des Lumi\u00e8res ? Quelles \u00e9taient leurs id\u00e9es ? Viens en d\u00e9couvrir un peu plus sur ce mouvement litt\u00e9raire et philosophique qui a rythm\u00e9 l\u2019Europe au 18e si\u00e8cle. \ud83d\ude80<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Que sont les Lumi\u00e8res ?&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Les Lumi\u00e8res sont un mouvement qui s\u2019est d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 au <strong>18e<\/strong> dans toute <strong>l\u2019Europe<\/strong>, avec pour id\u00e9e ma\u00eetresse de <strong>promouvoir la connaissance<\/strong> afin que celle-ci traverse toutes les strates de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u2019antan, sans distinction de classe sociale.&nbsp;<br>Le si\u00e8cle des Lumi\u00e8res tire son nom de la volont\u00e9 de <strong>combattre l&#8217;obscurantisme, l\u2019ignorance, les pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s, l\u2019intol\u00e9rance par la diffusion du savoir<\/strong>. Le mouvement s\u2019oppose ainsi \u00e0 la <strong>superstition de l\u2019\u00c9glise catholique<\/strong> et l\u2019<strong>arbitraire<\/strong> de la <strong>royaut\u00e9 et la noblesse<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">L\u2019obscurantisme, k\u00e9zako ? \ud83e\udde0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">L\u2019obscurantisme se d\u00e9finit, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.larousse.fr\/dictionnaires\/francais\/obscurantisme\/55405#:~:text=%EE%A0%AC%20obscurantisme&amp;text=Opposition%20%C3%A0%20la%20diffusion%20de,en%20particulier%20dans%20le%20peuple\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">selon le Larousse<\/a>, comme l\u2019opposition \u00e0 la diffusion de l&#8217;instruction, de la culture, au progr\u00e8s des sciences, \u00e0 la raison, en particulier dans le peuple.<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour rappel, au <strong>18e <\/strong>si\u00e8cle, on distingue alors une <strong>soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u2019ordres<\/strong> r\u00e9partie en <strong>3 classes sociales<\/strong> :&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49Le tiers \u00e9tat (97% de la population) ;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49La noblesse (2%) ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49Le clerg\u00e9 (1%).<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"relance\">\n        <div >\n                            <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/histoire\">\n                    <div class=\"relance__container\"\n                        >\n                        \n                                                        <picture>\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-5.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 999px)\">\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-5.jpg\" media=\"(max-width: 999px)\">\n                                <img decoding=\"async\"\n                                    src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-5.jpg\"\n                                    alt=\"Personne qui donne des cours particuliers\"\n                                >\n                            <\/picture>\n                                                <div class=\"relance__content\">\n                            \n                                <div class=\"relance__title\"> <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Besoin de cours en histoire ? Trouve ton prof particulier chez les Sherpas !<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <button type=\"button\"\n                                    class=\"relance__button btn btn-white\">\n                                Le premier cours est gratuit !\n                            <\/button>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n    \n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les pr\u00e9curseurs \ud83d\udd0e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est <strong>en Angleterre<\/strong> que l\u2019on trouve les pr\u00e9curseurs des Lumi\u00e8res, avec le philosophe <strong>John Locke<\/strong> et le physicien <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/isaac-newton\/\">Isaac Newton<\/a><\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>John Locke<\/strong> en quelques id\u00e9es \ud83e\udd13 :&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pr\u00f4ne la <strong>s\u00e9paration des pouvoirs<\/strong> pour assurer une r\u00e9elle d\u00e9mocratie ;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Est contre l\u2019absolutisme des droits divins et pour la protection des droits individuels ;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Opposant farouche \u00e0 l\u2019arbitraire ;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme l\u2019un des p\u00e8res fondateurs de l\u2019empirisme, <strong>pour lui l\u2019exp\u00e9rience est \u00e0 l\u2019origine de la connaissance<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">L\u2019empirisme\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.larousse.fr\/dictionnaires\/francais\/empirisme\/28947\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Selon le dictionnaire Larousse<\/a>, il s\u2019agit d\u2019une th\u00e9orie philosophique selon laquelle la connaissance que nous avons des choses d\u00e9rive de l\u2019exp\u00e9rience. <\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Isaac Newton<\/strong> en quelques id\u00e9es \ud83c\udf4f :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Th\u00e9oricien de la loi de l\u2019attraction universelle ;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fondateur de la m\u00e9canique classique ;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cr\u00e9ateur du calcul infinit\u00e9simal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u21aa\ufe0f<strong>Il ne fonde pas ses \u00e9tudes sur des intuitions ou abstractions, mais sur l\u2019observation et la mesure.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/v1.Y2lkPTc5MGI3NjExd2ZqcjFuYnhjbDFqbXY1ODc4ZXJyNGNoczdtOGxpZWxjengybG14bCZlcD12MV9pbnRlcm5hbF9naWZfYnlfaWQmY3Q9Zw\/3oz8xs4AKaLJzbcsog\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Dessin anim\u00e9 d'un chat qui marche et qui se prend une pomme sur la t\u00eate. \"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Ils posent ainsi les bases de la philosophie des Lumi\u00e8res, qui se fonde sur une<strong> pens\u00e9e rationaliste<\/strong> : les philosophes usent de la <strong>raison<\/strong> et de l\u2019<strong>esprit critique<\/strong>.&nbsp;<br>La d\u00e9marche intellectuelle des hommes des Lumi\u00e8res s\u2019inspire donc de la <strong>m\u00e9thode scientifique<\/strong> : d\u00e9couvrir les lois qui r\u00e9gissent les choses par l\u2019i<strong>nvestigation empirique<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La pens\u00e9e des Lumi\u00e8res \u2728<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette qu\u00eate de la connaissance recherch\u00e9e par les Lumi\u00e8res passe par la remise en cause des id\u00e9es re\u00e7ues, l\u2019ouverture \u00e0 tous les domaines du savoir, l\u2019exaltation des sciences et la foi in\u00e9branlable dans le pouvoir de la raison. D\u00e9couvre ici la pens\u00e9e de la philosophie des Lumi\u00e8res en quelques th\u00e8mes essentiels ! \ud83e\uddd0&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycz9zaWdudXA9dHJ1ZQ==\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;#8217; global #1 = CPG1\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Margot2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Margot<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Arts et M\u00e9tiers ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">22\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Olivier2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Olivier<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">La Sorbonne<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">13\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Pierre2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Pierre<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESSEC<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">16\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Louise2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Louise<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Mines ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Emilie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Emilie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jade2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jade<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Martin2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Martin<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">23\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Ton premier cours particulier est offert ! <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\ud83c\udf81\">\ud83c\udf81<\/span><!-- notionvc: 91b6b7d7-50f2-46f4-ae1f-ecbabe834aad --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont pass\u00e9s par les meilleures \u00e9coles et universit\u00e9s.<!-- notionvc: 21bb66b6-b36d-4ce8-8950-173722d75a1e --><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: #ffffff; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        J&#8217;EN PROFITE MAINTENANT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u2019empirisme comme attitude d\u2019esprit&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Comme nous venons de le voir, les hommes des Lumi\u00e8res ont en commun cette <strong>attitude d\u2019esprit inspir\u00e9e de la m\u00e9thode scientifique<\/strong>, de l\u2019exp\u00e9rimentalisme de Newton et de Locke : chercher dans l<strong>\u2019investigation empirique<\/strong> des choses les rapports, les corr\u00e9lations, les lois qui les r\u00e9gissent, et qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 jusqu\u2019\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent masqu\u00e9es par les pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/v1.Y2lkPTc5MGI3NjExY2hqcWp2d2V2eW8xOTllcGJncmxnbzBjeGhxczFvODQ3cXNkNzg1ZyZlcD12MV9pbnRlcm5hbF9naWZfYnlfaWQmY3Q9Zw\/3ohs4wCGfgUUTNzkvm\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Une femme habill\u00e9e en blouse blanche touche sa t\u00eate avec son index puis le tend vers le haut, comme si elle venait d'avoir une id\u00e9e.\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La remise en cause de la religion<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Les philosophes des Lumi\u00e8res usent de la <strong>raison<\/strong> et de l\u2019<strong>esprit critique<\/strong>. \u00c0 une \u00e9poque o\u00f9 r\u00e8gne un monarque absolu et o\u00f9 la religion est toute puissante, il \u00e9tait subversif de vouloir se servir de sa raison, de son entendement, pour penser par soi-m\u00eame.&nbsp; En effet, la <strong>figure du religieux domine<\/strong> alors, et l\u2019on s\u2019int\u00e9resse au c\u00e9leste, \u00e0 la vie apr\u00e8s la mort. <strong>Les hommes des Lumi\u00e8res<\/strong>, eux, se d\u00e9tournent du ciel au profit du <strong>monde concret<\/strong> des hommes et des choses.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">L\u2019entendement, k\u00e9zako ? \ud83e\udde0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ce terme d\u00e9signe la facult\u00e9 de comprendre, d\u2019apercevoir, de saisir l\u2019intelligible par opposition aux sensations. <\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u21aa\ufe0f<strong>Les Lumi\u00e8res refusent ainsi la pr\u00e9tention de la religion \u00e0 tout expliquer <\/strong>: elles veulent distinguer les diff\u00e9rentes sph\u00e8res de la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 : le naturel, le politique, le domestique, le religieux. Pour elles, chaque sph\u00e8re a son domaine de pertinence et ses lois, et exigent des savoirs et m\u00e9thodes de connaissance diff\u00e9rents.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Attention, ici on rejette donc les dogmes pas l\u2019existence de Dieu ! Et oui, puisque la plupart se disent <strong>d\u00e9istes<\/strong> : il croient en l&#8217;existence d&#8217;un dieu en dehors de toute religion.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En bref : selon les Lumi\u00e8res, <strong>la pens\u00e9e doit \u00eatre libre<\/strong> et non plus soumise \u00e0 l\u2019autorit\u00e9 et aux sch\u00e9mas ant\u00e9rieurs reposant sur une interpr\u00e9tation chr\u00e9tienne de l\u2019univers.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le bonheur terrestre \ud83c\udf0d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>La philosophie des Lumi\u00e8res place l\u2019homme au centre du monde et entend \u0153uvrer \u00e0 son bonheur. On d\u00e9fend alors les libert\u00e9s individuelles et collectives, car c\u2019est par l\u2019\u00e9ducation et gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la diffusion du savoir que les hommes acc\u00e9deront \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 et au bonheur. Ainsi, les philosophes des Lumi\u00e8res militent pour que chacun puisse vivre une vie convenable.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">Il faut cultiver notre propre jardin<\/span><\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\">Candide, Voltaire<\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\"><\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette citation repr\u00e9sente le d\u00e9sir de bonheur terrestre des philosophes, car elle signifie qu\u2019il faut s\u2019appliquer \u00e0 faire \u00e9voluer la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 et \u00e0 la rendre meilleure.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/v1.Y2lkPTc5MGI3NjExY2xuMWE1ZndnZjJ4NmNxZTV1aGNxd2QwcnRxaHhleXR6Y2llaDh3cCZlcD12MV9pbnRlcm5hbF9naWZfYnlfaWQmY3Q9Zw\/10byiJWzj0JR0Q\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Dumbledore tend ses index vers les hauts et semble parler. En-dessous de lui, on peut lire &quot;Happiness can be found in the darkest of times, if one only remembers to turn the light on&quot;.\" style=\"width:492px;height:410px\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Comme le dit si bien Dumbledore&nbsp;<\/em><br><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u2019esclavage point\u00e9 du doigt \ud83e\udef5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Les philosophes des Lumi\u00e8res n\u2019acceptent pas que l\u2019homme puisse asservir son semblable.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udc49Montesquieu<\/strong>, dans <strong><em>L\u2019Esprit des lois<\/em><\/strong>, s\u2019attaque au sujet dans un texte ironique o\u00f9 il ridiculise les arguments des esclavagistes.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udc49Voltaire<\/strong>, dans un \u00e9pisode de <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/candide-voltaire-resume\/\">Candide<\/a><\/em><\/strong>, \u00ab Le N\u00e8gre de Surinam \u00bb, d\u00e9nonce des proc\u00e9d\u00e9s barbares.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>N&#8217;h\u00e9site pas \u00e0 jeter un <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u0153il <\/span>sur notre article \u00e0 propose de <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/abolition-de-lesclavage-en-france\/\">l&#8217;histoire de l&#8217;abolition de l&#8217;esclavage en France<\/a> !<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le combat contre l\u2019injustice et l\u2019ignorance : l\u2019Encyclop\u00e9die \ud83d\udcda<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Puisque c\u2019est par la <strong>connaissance<\/strong> que l\u2019on peut acc\u00e9der \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 et au bonheur, et ainsi <strong>lutter contre l\u2019injustice et l\u2019obscurantisme<\/strong>, les philosophes entreprennent la r\u00e9daction de l&#8217;<strong>\u0153uvre majeure du 18e si\u00e8cle<\/strong> : <strong>l\u2019Encyclop\u00e9die<\/strong> (1751-1772). Toutefois, cette Encyclop\u00e9die conna\u00eet la<strong> censure<\/strong> en 1752, car leurs id\u00e9es sont alors loin de faire l\u2019unanimit\u00e9, en particulier aupr\u00e8s du roi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019encyclop\u00e9die est un ensemble de <strong>35 volumes<\/strong> auquel ont collabor\u00e9 <strong>150 savants, philosophes et sp\u00e9cialistes divers<\/strong>. C\u2019est un travail collectif dans lequel <strong>Diderot<\/strong> a jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le majeur, il d\u00e9finit ainsi l\u2019objet :&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p>Le but d&#8217;une Encyclop\u00e9die est de <span style=\"color: #ff9900\">rassembler les connaissances \u00e9parses sur la surface de la Terre<\/span>, d&#8217;en <span style=\"color: #ff9900\">exposer le syst\u00e8me g\u00e9n\u00e9ral<\/span> aux hommes avec qui nous vivons, et de <span style=\"color: #ff9900\">le transmettre<\/span> \u00e0 ceux qui viendront apr\u00e8s nous, afin que les travaux des si\u00e8cles pass\u00e9s n&#8217;aient pas \u00e9t\u00e9 des travaux inutiles pour les si\u00e8cles qui succ\u00e9deront, que nos neveux, devenant plus instruits, deviennent en m\u00eame temps plus vertueux et plus heureux&#8230;<\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\"><\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\"><\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/v1.Y2lkPTc5MGI3NjExNmlvcmtjcHo4enJzdWxidGo5b2RmcjJuZjF6M3E1emRtbmpneGRpMCZlcD12MV9pbnRlcm5hbF9naWZfYnlfaWQmY3Q9Zw\/3ov9jQsTzqjSyIWRDa\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Selena Gomez tend sa main devant ses yeux pour les cacher du soleil.\" style=\"width:727px;height:408px\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-b9206230-7fff-7e27-7b41-5f78e9b67a6f\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;background-color: transparent;font-style: italic;vertical-align: baseline\">Quand les Lumi\u00e8res d\u00e9barquent&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><span style=\"font-size: 11pt;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;background-color: transparent;font-style: italic;vertical-align: baseline\"><\/span><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La contestation du syst\u00e8me politique \ud83d\udde3\ufe0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>En <strong>1685<\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/louis-xiv\/\">Louis XIV <\/a>d\u00e9cide de r\u00e9voquer l\u2019<strong>\u00e9dit de Nantes<\/strong>, for\u00e7ant des milliers de protestants \u00e0 s&#8217;exiler pour continuer \u00e0 pratiquer leur foi librement. Il meurt en 1715. Les philosophes remettent ainsi en question l\u2019autorit\u00e9 politique. En effet, \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque, le <strong>roi<\/strong> d\u00e9tenait les <strong>trois pouvoirs<\/strong> :&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u00e9gislatif ;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ex\u00e9cutif ;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Judiciaire.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>De plus, sa <strong>fonction<\/strong> \u00e9tait <strong>h\u00e9r\u00e9ditaire<\/strong>, ce que critiquaient les Lumi\u00e8res.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Le savais-tu ?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Les <\/span><b>id\u00e9es des philosophes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> sont omnipr\u00e9sentes dans les discours, d\u00e9bats et textes de loi de la <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/dates-revolution-francaise\/\"><b>R\u00e9volution fran\u00e7aise de 1789<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>En bref, les Lumi\u00e8res, c\u2019est \u00e7a :&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Recours \u00e0 l\u2019investigation empirique ;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Rejet des dogmes ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Recherche du bonheur terrestre ;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Hostilit\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019esclavage ;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Combat contre l\u2019injustice et l\u2019ignorance ;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Contestation du syst\u00e8me politique.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les principaux philosophes du mouvement \ud83d\udc81<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Retrouve ici les acteurs majeurs des Lumi\u00e8res et leurs id\u00e9es principales. \ud83d\ude80<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Faisons d\u2019abord un tour en France, o\u00f9 l\u2019on retrouve les philosophes embl\u00e9matiques des Lumi\u00e8res ! \ud83c\uddeb\ud83c\uddf7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Montesquieu et ses id\u00e9es progressistes&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Penseur politique fran\u00e7ais, philosophe et \u00e9crivain des Lumi\u00e8res, Montesquieu est aussi consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le p\u00e8re de la sociologie !&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Ses th\u00e9ories principales sont : le <strong>r\u00f4le du climat dans le choix du syst\u00e8me politique<\/strong> d\u2019un \u00c9tat et la <strong>s\u00e9paration des trois pouvoirs<\/strong>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Dans son romain \u00e9pistolaire <strong><em>Lettres persanes<\/em><\/strong><strong> <\/strong>(1721), qu\u2019il publie <strong>anonymement<\/strong>, il y \u00e9met une critique de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\ud83d\udc49 De l\u2019esprit des lois<\/em><\/strong> (1748) est un trait\u00e9 majeur dans lequel il expose des th\u00e9ories r\u00e9volutionnaires.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Le savais-tu ? \ud83e\udde0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">On appelle <\/span><b>absolutisme<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> un syst\u00e8me de gouvernement o\u00f9 le pouvoir du chef de l\u2019\u00c9tat est absolu. <\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le grand pol\u00e9miste Voltaire&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;D\u00e9couvre ici l\u2019auteur de Candide, qui \u00e9tait po\u00e8te, \u00e9crivain, dramaturge et philosophe fran\u00e7ais.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 <strong>Il condamne le fanatisme et les pratiques judiciaires abusives<\/strong> ;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Dans <strong><em>Lettres philosophiques <\/em><\/strong>(1734), il fait l\u2019\u00e9loge d\u2019une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 o\u00f9 s\u2019exerce librement le progr\u00e8s des arts et des sciences. Il y fait en filigrane une critique de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise, de ses m\u0153urs et coutumes ainsi que des privil\u00e8ges de la noblesse ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 En 1759, il \u00e9crit <strong><em>Candide ou l\u2019Optimiste<\/em><\/strong>, l\u2019un des plus gros <strong>succ\u00e8s de la litt\u00e9rature fran\u00e7aise<\/strong>. Dans ce <strong>conte philosophique<\/strong>, il d\u00e9nonce le fanatisme religieux, l\u2019esclavage, la violence, la cruaut\u00e9 des hommes ou encore l\u2019absurdit\u00e9 de la guerre.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycz9zaWdudXA9dHJ1ZQ==\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;#8217; global #2 = CPG2\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div 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class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Sophie2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Sophie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Bordeaux<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n              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xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">12\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Noemie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">No\u00e9mie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">M2 en droit \u00e0 Assas<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fanny2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Fanny<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Ponts ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Simon2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Simon<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">4e ann\u00e9e de m\u00e9decine<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Nicolas2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Nicolas<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">CentraleSup\u00e9lec<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin d&#8217;un prof particulier ? <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><!-- notionvc: 9b5ed38b-ea2e-4d3c-a3bb-f0091c2eedd2 --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont l\u00e0 pour t&#8217;aider \u00e0 progresser !<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!-- notionvc: 20490bdd-6579-484b-9d99-0ff0bc1aa8e7 --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS GRATUIT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rousseau, figure singuli\u00e8re et paradoxale&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Place maintenant \u00e0 Rousseau, \u00e9crivain et philosophe francophone de nationalit\u00e9 suisse.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Il renouvelle la pens\u00e9e des Lumi\u00e8res. Il <strong>imagine ainsi une cit\u00e9 id\u00e9ale<\/strong>, et d\u00e9veloppe l\u2019id\u00e9e de d\u00e9mocratie et d\u2019un contrat pass\u00e9 entre un souverain et son peuple : le contrat social. C\u2019est dans son essai <strong><em>Du contrat social<\/em><\/strong>, qu\u2019il aborde la notion de souverainet\u00e9 des peuples, mais aussi la libert\u00e9 et l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Pour lui, aucune soci\u00e9t\u00e9 juste ne peut na\u00eetre de la force et seule l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 peut assurer la s\u00e9curit\u00e9. Ainsi, <strong>la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 doit \u00eatre gouvern\u00e9e par tous<\/strong>, chacun doit pouvoir participer au pouvoir ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49Il est une <strong>figure singuli\u00e8re <\/strong>des Lumi\u00e8res, car <strong>hostile \u00e0 des th\u00e9matiques centrales \u00e0 son \u00e9poque<\/strong>. Il s\u2019oppose \u00e0 l\u2019id\u00e9e de progr\u00e8s, m\u00e9prise l\u2019histoire, condamne le cosmopolitisme ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\ud83d\udc49 Sa pens\u00e9e pr\u00e9sente aussi de nombreux <strong>paradoxes<\/strong> : \u00e9loge de la solitude et du sens civique, \u00e9loge de la nature originelle et des vertus civilisatrices de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 du contrat.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Le cosmopolitisme\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">C\u2019est la capacit\u00e9 de pouvoir vivre avec toutes les nationalit\u00e9s existantes !<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La t\u00e9nacit\u00e9 de Diderot&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Next one<\/em> : Diderot, \u00e9crivain, philosophe et encyclop\u00e9diste fran\u00e7ais des Lumi\u00e8res !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Il a <strong>supervis\u00e9<\/strong>, avec d\u2019Alembert, la r\u00e9daction de <strong>l\u2019Encyclop\u00e9die<\/strong>. Il a travaill\u00e9 dessus pendant 20 ans !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Dans <strong><em>Pens\u00e9es philosophiques<\/em><\/strong> (1746), il y montre ses positions d\u00e9istes, une philosophie religieuse qui pr\u00f4ne la religion universelle en rejetant le principe de r\u00e9v\u00e9lation et l\u2019instrumentalisation de l\u2019\u00c9glise ;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49<strong><em>La lettre sur les aveugles et \u00e0 l\u2019usage de ceux qui voient <\/em><\/strong>(1749) provoque son <strong>emprisonnement \u00e0 Vincennes<\/strong> pendant trois mois. Dans cet ouvrage, il montrait clairement une vision mat\u00e9rialiste et ath\u00e9e, qui ne pouvait que le conduire \u00e0 l\u2019incarc\u00e9ration !&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Direction l\u2019Allemagne cette fois, avec Emmanuel Kant \ud83c\udde9\ud83c\uddea<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kant, penseur des Lumi\u00e8res allemandes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>On termine donc cette liste avec le c\u00e9l\u00e8bre philosophe allemand :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Les deux grandes raisons que posent ses livres sont : <strong>\u201cque puis-je savoir ?\u201d<\/strong> et<strong> \u201cque dois-je faire ?\u201d<\/strong> ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Bas\u00e9e sur le <strong>criticisme <\/strong>(\u00e9tat d\u2019esprit qui est bas\u00e9 sur la th\u00e9orie de la connaissance), sa philosophie pr\u00f4ne la r\u00e9flexion de chaque individu. Penser par soi-m\u00eame est donc l\u2019un des axes majeurs de son \u0153uvre ;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Dans son ouvrage le plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bre, <strong><em>Critique de la raison pure<\/em><\/strong> (1781), il r\u00e9alise une \u201c<strong>r\u00e9volution copernicienne<\/strong>\u201d consid\u00e9rant dans une vision id\u00e9aliste que c&#8217;est le sujet qui construit l&#8217;objet de sa connaissance et non les objets qui d\u00e9finissent la connaissance.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">L\u2019expression \u201c<\/span><b>r\u00e9volution copernicienne\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Elle d\u00e9signe la transformation des m\u00e9thodes scientifiques et des id\u00e9es philosophiques qui a accompagn\u00e9 le changement de repr\u00e9sentation de l&#8217;univers du XVI<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">e<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> au XVIII<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">e<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> si\u00e8cle. <\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Bien s\u00fbr cette liste est non exhaustive et il existe encore de nombreux philosophes \u00e0 avoir contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 la pens\u00e9e des Lumi\u00e8res !&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Si tu veux les conna\u00eetre, n\u2019h\u00e9site pas \u00e0 suivre un cours de philo avec l\u2019un de nos Sherpas !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La diffusion de leurs id\u00e9es \ud83d\udcd6<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>La philosophie des Lumi\u00e8res ne se contente pas de renouveler les id\u00e9es, elle <strong>innove<\/strong> \u00e9galement <strong>dans la forme des \u00e9crits<\/strong> ! En effet, la forme <strong>ne se limite \u00e0 aucun style<\/strong> et on retrouve des \u00e9crits philosophiques sous l\u2019aspect de lettres, dialogues, po\u00e8mes, <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/roman-genre-litteraire\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"259044\">romans<\/a>, contes philosophiques, th\u00e9\u00e2tre ou op\u00e9ra. La diffusion de leurs id\u00e9es se fait donc d\u00e9j\u00e0 par les livres, notamment avec <strong>l&#8217;Encyclop\u00e9die<\/strong>. <strong>La presse<\/strong> y contribue \u00e9galement.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mais le mouvement se distingue vraiment de ses pr\u00e9d\u00e9cesseurs par un aspect : l\u2019opinion publique. Et oui, nos philosophes veulent discuter, convaincre. Les <strong>salons et caf\u00e9s<\/strong> deviennent alors des <strong>lieux de sociabilit\u00e9<\/strong> o\u00f9 <strong>philosophes<\/strong> et <strong>scientifiques<\/strong> se r\u00e9unissent, <strong>d\u00e9battent<\/strong> de la politique et <strong>discutent<\/strong> de leurs points de vue. Les <strong>acad\u00e9mies<\/strong> et les <strong>loges<\/strong> sont aussi des lieux propices pour se r\u00e9unir.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/v1.Y2lkPTc5MGI3NjExOGhxY2h5ZGRiNnVqOGppZHU0cmd3dHd6bG4xdzBqNDh1MHB1OW83dSZlcD12MV9pbnRlcm5hbF9naWZfYnlfaWQmY3Q9Zw\/8mexVyKrHZYwJpnmid\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Deux femmes assises autour d'une table tiennent du tasse de caf\u00e9 dans leurs mains et semblent avoir une discussion anim\u00e9e.\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Les Lumi\u00e8res qui d\u00e9battent dans un caf\u00e9 litt\u00e9raire&nbsp;<\/em><br><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Enfin, certains philosophes n\u2019h\u00e9sitent pas \u00e0 <strong>voyager pour partager leurs pens\u00e9es <\/strong>! <strong>Diderot<\/strong>, par exemple, quitte la France pour aller en <strong>Russie<\/strong> et rencontrer <strong>Catherine II de Russie<\/strong> ou encore <strong>Voltaire<\/strong> qui se rend en <strong>Prusse<\/strong> aupr\u00e8s de <strong>Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric II<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On r\u00e9capitule !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-2019\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-2019\">\n<thead>\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<th class=\"column-1\">La diffusion des Lumi\u00e8res se fait par :<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody class=\"row-striping row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">\ud83d\udc49 Les livres ;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">\ud83d\udc49 La presse ;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">\ud83d\udc49L\u2019Encyclop\u00e9die ;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">\ud83d\udc49 Les caf\u00e9s et salons litt\u00e9raires ;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-6\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">\ud83d\udc49 Les acad\u00e9mies et loges ;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-7\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">\ud83d\udc49 Le voyage.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-2019 from cache -->\n\n\n\n<p>Et voil\u00e0, tu arrives maintenant \u00e0 la fin de cet article, on esp\u00e8re t\u2019avoir \u00e9clair\u00e9 sur ce que sont Les Lumi\u00e8res \ud83d\ude09. Si tu as des questions, n\u2019h\u00e9site pas \u00e0 nous laisser un commentaire !&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;265850&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;4.2&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;4.2\\\/5 - (5 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Zoom sur le si\u00e8cle des Lumi\u00e8res \ud83d\udca1&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;119.3&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 119.3px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            4.2\/5 - (5 votes)    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Comment sont apparues les Lumi\u00e8res ? Qui sont les philosophes des Lumi\u00e8res ? Quelles \u00e9taient leurs id\u00e9es ? (&#8230;)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":354,"featured_media":265900,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"category":[803,821],"tag":[317,770],"class_list":["post-265850","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apprendre-matiere","category-histoire","tag-bac","tag-fiche-revision"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/265850","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/354"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=265850"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/265850\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/265900"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=265850"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category?post=265850"},{"taxonomy":"tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag?post=265850"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}