{"id":264655,"date":"2023-09-28T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-09-28T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/?p=264655"},"modified":"2024-01-08T10:23:01","modified_gmt":"2024-01-08T09:23:01","slug":"pamphlet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/pamphlet\/","title":{"rendered":"Le pamphlet : une arme efficace de d\u00e9nonciation \u2712\ufe0f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Tu as d\u00e9j\u00e0 pris ton ordinateur pour \u00e9crire un commentaire rageux et ainsi d\u00e9noncer le comportement d\u2019un type qui te paraissait scandaleux ? Tu as <strong>argument\u00e9 ton point de vue<\/strong> et tu as ador\u00e9 <strong>\u00eatre virulent <\/strong>dans tes propos et, peut-\u00eatre m\u00eame que tu as \u00e9t\u00e9 <strong>ironique<\/strong>, sinon <strong>sarcastique<\/strong> ? Alors, tu as s\u00fbrement \u00e9crit <strong>un pamphlet<\/strong>, une <strong>arme litt\u00e9raire redoutable<\/strong>. Dans cette fiche de cours, nous te faisons d\u00e9couvrir ce genre argumentatif et toutes les raisons pour en \u00e9crire un ! Tu es pr\u00eat ? C\u2019est parti \ud83d\ude80<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/dtUSdaQBp2G64\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Enfant qui se frotte les mains avec un petit sourire malin\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>C&#8217;est parti pour se moquer avec brio !<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le pamphlet : qu\u2019est-ce que c\u2019est ? \ud83d\udc40<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u00e9finition du pamphlet \ud83e\uddd1\u200d\ud83c\udfeb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u2019apr\u00e8s le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnrtl.fr\/definition\/pamphlet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">dictionnaire du CNRTL<\/a>, le pamphlet est un \u00ab court \u00e9crit satirique, souvent politique, d&#8217;un ton violent, qui d\u00e9fend une cause, se moque, critique ou calomnie quelqu&#8217;un ou quelque chose. \u00bb&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En d\u2019autres termes, il s\u2019agit d\u2019un <strong>petit texte ou discours argumentatif bien construit et agressif<\/strong> souvent rendu <strong>public<\/strong>, dont un auteur se sert pour <strong>exprimer directement son opinion<\/strong> et <strong>d\u00e9noncer les propos ou le comportement d\u2019une personne<\/strong>, d\u2019<strong>une institution <\/strong>ou encore <strong>condamner une situation qui le scandalise<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udcd6 \u00c9tymologie<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>L\u2019origine du mot \u00ab pamphlet \u00bb est difficile. On va essayer de simplifier tout \u00e7a !<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:list --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>Le mot vient d\u2019abord du nom du personnage principal d\u2019une <strong>com\u00e9die latine du Xe<\/strong> <strong>si\u00e8cle<\/strong>, d\u2019un auteur inconnu : <em>Pamphile ou l\u2019art d\u2019\u00eatre aim\u00e9<\/em> (\u00ab\u00a0<em>Pamphilus seu de Amore \u00bb, <\/em>en latin). C\u2019est l\u2019histoire de <strong>Pamphile<\/strong>, un sale type qui viole Galat\u00e9, sa voisine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li>Le mot <strong>\u00ab pamphilet \u00bb<\/strong>, <strong>d\u00e9riv\u00e9 de \u00ab pamphile \u00bb<\/strong>, est un <strong>diminutif<\/strong> pour parler de cette com\u00e9die.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li>Le mot est <strong>export\u00e9 en Angleterre<\/strong>. <strong>\u00ab Pamphilet \u00bb<\/strong> devient <strong>\u00ab <\/strong><strong><em>pamphlet<\/em><\/strong><strong> \u00bb<\/strong> : un <strong>petit livre court, rapide \u00e0 imprimer<\/strong>. C\u2019est un moyen facile pour <strong>diffuser les id\u00e9es<\/strong> <strong>s\u00e9ditieuses<\/strong> (de la provoc\u2019, quoi !) <strong>de fa\u00e7on clandestine<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li>Progressivement, le mot d\u00e9signe un <strong>\u00e9crit court et pol\u00e9mique<\/strong> et les Fran\u00e7ais reprennent le mot aux Anglais avec cette d\u00e9finition que l\u2019on conna\u00eet aujourd\u2019hui.<em>\u00a0<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/2wW0ILAPjDYAK9184z\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Homme avec un chapeau qui pointe du doigt et qui dit \u00ab J'accuse ! \u00bb\" style=\"width:388px;height:388px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycz9zaWdudXA9dHJ1ZQ==\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;#8217; global #1 = CPG1\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Cle\u0301mence2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Cl\u00e9mence<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            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xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Thibault2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Thibault<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris Ulm<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">20\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fabien2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Fabien<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">T\u00e9l\u00e9com Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">20\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Agathe2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Agathe<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Bastien2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Bastien<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Polytechnique<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Simon2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Simon<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">4e ann\u00e9e de m\u00e9decine<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Margot2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Margot<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Arts et M\u00e9tiers ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">22\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Sophie2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Sophie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Bordeaux<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">12\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Ton premier cours particulier est offert ! <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\ud83c\udf81\">\ud83c\udf81<\/span><!-- notionvc: 91b6b7d7-50f2-46f4-ae1f-ecbabe834aad --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont pass\u00e9s par les meilleures \u00e9coles et universit\u00e9s.<!-- notionvc: 21bb66b6-b36d-4ce8-8950-173722d75a1e --><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: #ffffff; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        J&#8217;EN PROFITE MAINTENANT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Comment reconna\u00eetre un pamphlet ? \ud83d\udd0d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Un genre argumentatif direct \ud83d\udcd2<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Le pamphlet est une forme de <strong>bl\u00e2me<\/strong> (le <strong>contraire de l\u2019\u00e9loge<\/strong> !) et rel\u00e8ve de <strong>&nbsp;l\u2019argumentation directe<\/strong>. L\u2019auteur <strong>expose son point de vue<\/strong> de mani\u00e8re <strong>explicite<\/strong>, \u00e0 l\u2019aide de <strong>diff\u00e9rents <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/types-raisonnement\/\"><strong>raisonnements argumentatifs<\/strong><\/a>, <strong>sans recourir \u00e0 des moyens d\u00e9tourn\u00e9s<\/strong>, comme la fiction. \ud83d\udc4a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Genres argumentatifs directs \ud83d\udde3\ufe0f VS genres argumentatifs indirects \ud83e\uddda<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udde3\ufe0f Le <strong>pamphlet <\/strong>: petit \u00e9crit court et violent.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udde3\ufe0f L&#8217;<strong>essai<\/strong> : \u0153uvre r\u00e9flexive, de forme assez libre, dans lequel l&#8217;auteur expose ses opinions sur des sujets vari\u00e9s (ex : les <em>Essais<\/em> de Montaigne).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udde3\ufe0f Le <strong>plaidoyer<\/strong> : texte ou discours juridique de d\u00e9fense d&#8217;une cause ou d\u2019une personne (ex : c\u2019est le discours des avocats lors d\u2019un proc\u00e8s \ud83e\udd51).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udde3\ufe0f Le <strong>r\u00e9quisitoire<\/strong> : contraire d\u2019un plaidoyer. Discours judiciaire qui porte une accusation contre une cause ou une personne (ex : c\u2019est le discours d\u2019un avocat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral ou d\u2019un procureur).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udde3\ufe0f Le <strong>manifeste<\/strong> : d\u00e9claration publique et \u00e9crite pour exposer un programme ou une exposition (ex : <em>Le Manifeste du surr\u00e9alisme<\/em>, Andr\u00e9 Breton, 1924).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udde3\ufe0f La <strong>lettre ouverte <\/strong>: lettre pol\u00e9mique ou satirique destin\u00e9e \u00e0 la publication (ex : <em>J\u2019accuse\u2026 !<\/em>, de Zola dans le journal <em>L\u2019Aurore<\/em> en 1898).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udde3\ufe0f La <strong>pr\u00e9face<\/strong> : texte plac\u00e9 au d\u00e9but d&#8217;un livre pour le pr\u00e9senter et d\u00e9velopper ses id\u00e9es principales (ex : la <em>Pr\u00e9face de Cromwell<\/em> de Victor Hugo).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udde3\ufe0f L&#8217;<strong>\u00e9loge <\/strong>: texte ou discours qui vante les m\u00e9rites d\u2019une personne. On parle de <strong>pan\u00e9gyrique<\/strong> ou de <strong>dithyrambe<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">VS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83e\uddda L\u2019<strong>apologue <\/strong>: bref r\u00e9cit \u00e0 vis\u00e9e didactique qui a pour but d\u2019enseigner une morale (le conte merveilleux, le conte philosophique, la fable, l\u2019utopie\u2026).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83e\uddda Le<strong> dialogue<\/strong> : discussion entre des personnages qui d\u00e9battent sur un sujet en exprimant leur point de vue, en essayant de convaincre l\u2019autre.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>Si tu veux devenir un boss de l\u2019<strong>argumentation indirecte<\/strong>, tu peux lire un super article sur <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/apologue\/\"><strong>les diff\u00e9rentes formes d\u2019apologues<\/strong><\/a> !<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pour aller plus loin \ud83e\uddb8<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9criture argumentative est une maline et peut se faufiler dans d\u2019autres genres litt\u00e9raires :&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udce3 la <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/poesie-engagee\/\"><strong>po\u00e9sie engag\u00e9e<\/strong><\/a> permet aux po\u00e8tes d\u2019<strong>exprimer de fa\u00e7on directe ou indirecte leur indignation ou leurs revendications souvent sociales, morales ou religieuses<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Certains petits po\u00e8mes virulents et souvent satiriques s\u2019appellent des <strong>\u00e9pigrammes<\/strong>. Elles <strong>ressemblent \u00e0 des pamphlets<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Exemple :&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">L\u2019autre jour au fond d\u2019un vallon,&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Un serpent piqua Jean Fr\u00e9ron ;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Que croyez-vous qu\u2019il arriva ?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Ce fut le serpent qui creva.<em> <\/em>(Voltaire)<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/XRB1uf2F9bGOA\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Deux personnes qui se tapent dans la main\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Et bim !<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udce3 Le<strong> roman<\/strong> comme le <strong>th\u00e9\u00e2tre<\/strong> peuvent avoir une dimension argumentative. Les personnages deviennent souvent les porte-paroles des \u00e9crivains.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Exemple : dans <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/le-mariage-de-figaro-resume\/\"><strong><em>Le Mariage de Figaro<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, le dramaturge <strong>Beaumarchais<\/strong> se sert de <strong>Figaro<\/strong> pour notamment <strong>d\u00e9noncer les privil\u00e8ges r\u00e9serv\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019aristocratie du XVIIIe si\u00e8cle<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2\u00e8me exemple (c\u2019est qu\u2019on est g\u00e9n\u00e9reux chez les Sherpas \ud83d\ude0e) : dans <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/le-dernier-jour-dun-condamne-resume\/\"><strong><em>Le dernier jour d\u2019un condamn\u00e9<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, Victor Hugo <strong>d\u00e9nonce la peine de mort<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"390\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/image-3.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-269265\" style=\"width:252px;height:310px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u26a0\ufe0f \u00c0 ne pas confondre&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Pamphlet VS lettre ouverte<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Un <strong>pamphlet<\/strong> est un <strong>texte court<\/strong> alors que la <strong>lettre ouverte<\/strong> est souvent une lettre <strong>longue destin\u00e9e \u00e0 \u00eatre publi\u00e9e dans un journal ou un autre m\u00e9dia<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Elle <strong>reprend les m\u00eames proc\u00e9d\u00e9s que le pamphlet<\/strong>, c\u2019est pour \u00e7a qu\u2019ils se ressemblent tous les deux !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019exemple le plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bre est \u00e9videmment <em>J\u2019accuse\u2026 ! <\/em>de Zola (c\u2019est s\u00fbr, tu connais cette lettre !).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Pamphlet VS r\u00e9quisitoire&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le mot \u00ab r\u00e9quisitoire \u00bb est un <strong>terme juridique<\/strong>. Le parquet est amen\u00e9 \u00e0 faire ce <strong>discours<\/strong> dans un tribunal pour <strong>\u00e9num\u00e9rer toutes les charges de l\u2019accus\u00e9<\/strong> pour aider \u00e9ventuellement les magistrats \u00e0 rendre le verdict.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On a tendance \u00e0 faire de \u00ab r\u00e9quisitoire \u00bb un synonyme de \u00ab pamphlet \u00bb !&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"799\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pamphlet-8.jpg?func=bound&amp;w=799&amp;h=600\" alt=\"Deux avocats qui se parlent\" class=\"wp-image-269266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pamphlet-8.jpg?q=90&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=799 799w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pamphlet-8.jpg?q=90&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=300 300w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pamphlet-8.jpg?q=90&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=768 768w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pamphlet-8.jpg?q=90&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=166 166w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pamphlet-8.jpg?q=90&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=362 362w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pamphlet-8.jpg?q=90&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=288 288w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pamphlet-8.jpg?q=90&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=494 494w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pamphlet-8.jpg?q=90&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=265 265w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pamphlet-8.jpg?q=90&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=60 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 799px) 100vw, 799px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">pamphlet 8<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1Le savais-tu ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Le mot \u00ab pamphlet \u00bb est un peu <strong>galvaud\u00e9<\/strong> (\u00e7a veut dire qu\u2019il est <strong>tellement utilis\u00e9<\/strong> qu\u2019il <strong>perd un peu son sens premier<\/strong>). Il a tendance \u00e0 \u00eatre employ\u00e9 pour tout discours qui est critique ou violent !<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Pamphlet VS <em>pamphlet&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le mot \u00ab pamphlet \u00bb a une <strong>autre d\u00e9finition,<\/strong> qui nous vient de l\u2019anglais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est un <strong>petit livre de quelques pages<\/strong>, le plus souvent <strong>sans aucun ton agressif<\/strong>, destin\u00e9 \u00e0 des fins <strong>commerciales<\/strong> ou <strong>publicitaires<\/strong>. C\u2019est un synonyme de <strong>\u00ab brochure \u00bb<\/strong> ou <strong>\u00ab d\u00e9pliant \u00bb<\/strong>, comme l\u2019indique le <em><a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.cambridge.org\/fr\/dictionnaire\/anglais-francais\/pamphlet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cambridge Dictionary<\/a><\/em> : \u00ab un petit livret contenant des informations \u00bb ou \u00ab <em>a thin paper book containing information<\/em> \u00bb. Et la boucle avec l\u2019\u00e9tymologie est boucl\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>D\u2019ailleurs, en <strong>espagnol<\/strong>, \u00ab brochure \u00bb se dit \u00ab <em>panfleto <\/em>\u00bb !<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycz9zaWdudXA9dHJ1ZQ==\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;#8217; global #2 = CPG2\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Cle\u0301mence2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Cl\u00e9mence<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Thibault2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Thibault<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris Ulm<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n      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                                               <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">20\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Sophie2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Sophie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Bordeaux<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">12\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Noemie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">No\u00e9mie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">M2 en droit \u00e0 Assas<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fanny2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Fanny<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Ponts ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Simon2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Simon<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">4e ann\u00e9e de m\u00e9decine<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Nicolas2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Nicolas<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">CentraleSup\u00e9lec<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin d&#8217;un prof particulier ? <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><!-- notionvc: 9b5ed38b-ea2e-4d3c-a3bb-f0091c2eedd2 --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont l\u00e0 pour t&#8217;aider \u00e0 progresser !<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!-- notionvc: 20490bdd-6579-484b-9d99-0ff0bc1aa8e7 --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS GRATUIT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les proc\u00e9d\u00e9s utilis\u00e9s pour en \u00e9crire un \ud83d\udd8b\ufe0f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Un pamphlet, c\u2019est violent, c\u2019est m\u00e9chant, c\u2019est mesquin, c\u2019est acerbe, c\u2019est agressif (ajoute autant d\u2019adjectifs que tu veux !). \ud83d\udc7f Mais \u00e7a demande d\u2019employer des proc\u00e9d\u00e9s pr\u00e9cis afin que l\u2019expression pamphl\u00e9taire fasse son effet !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00ab Sur un autre ton, jeune homme ! \u00bb<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour en \u00e9crire un, les auteurs emploient principalement le <strong>registre pol\u00e9mique<\/strong> ou le <strong>registre satirique<\/strong> (ou tant qu\u2019\u00e0 faire, les deux dans un m\u00eame texte, parfois !).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udca2 Le <strong>registre pol\u00e9mique<\/strong> : le mot vient du grec \u00ab <em>polemos<\/em> \u00bb (<em>\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf<\/em><em>\u03c2<\/em>) qui signifie la <strong>guerre<\/strong> ou le <strong>combat<\/strong>. \u00c7a te donne d\u00e9j\u00e0 une id\u00e9e du ton ! Le texte \u00e9crit est <strong>agressif<\/strong> et <strong>s\u00e9rieux<\/strong>. C\u2019est fait volontairement pour <strong>attaquer <\/strong>et <strong>d\u00e9valoriser l\u2019adversaire ou ses id\u00e9es<\/strong>. L\u2019auteur du pamphlet emploie des termes<strong> d\u00e9valorisants <\/strong>(tu peux dire \u00ab <strong>p\u00e9joratifs<\/strong> \u00bb aussi, \u00e7a fait classe dans une copie !).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est un poing dans la figure avec des mots ! \ud83d\udc4a&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/LiuomYS6ojKrm\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Homme qui dit : \u00ab J'ai beau \u00eatre matinal, j'ai mal ! \u00bb\" style=\"width:379px;height:284px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\ude06 Le <strong>registre satirique<\/strong> : Le but est exactement le m\u00eame, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire <strong>attaquer et d\u00e9valoriser son adversaire<\/strong> Et l\u00e0, tu te dis s\u00fbrement : \u00ab il n\u2019y a aucune diff\u00e9rence alors ! \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le satirique enrobe ton joli petit poing avec de l\u2019humour ! Alors que le pol\u00e9mique est s\u00e9rieux, l\u00e0, <strong>on se moque de l\u2019adversaire ou de son id\u00e9e<\/strong>, on le <strong>ridiculise<\/strong> dans le but de <strong>susciter le rire des lecteurs<\/strong> et le <strong>faire r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir en m\u00eame temps <\/strong>!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alors, \u00e7a fait mal, mais on rit en m\u00eame temps, donc \u00e7a passe mieux ! Ou pas\u2026?<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/deaabWAgiawzyiMNZS\/giphy.gif \" alt=\"femme qui tient une hache avec un rire sadique \" style=\"width:376px;height:211px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>Eh, toi qui cherches \u00e0 apprendre et progresser, d\u00e9couvre notre page consacr\u00e9e \u00e0 tous <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/les-differents-registres-litteraires\/\">les registres litt\u00e9raires<\/a> ! \ud83e\uddb8<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les tips suppl\u00e9mentaires pour faire un pamphlet<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Si tu veux \u00e9crire un pamphlet, voici une petite liste :&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"list-formatted\">\n                <li data-symbol=\"\u270d\ufe0f\">\n            <span>\n            <p>un <strong>plan bien construit<\/strong> pour <strong>organiser les id\u00e9es, les r\u00e9flexions<\/strong> (on ne peut pas \u00e9crire un pamphlet sans raison valable et bien pens\u00e9e !) ;<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\u270d\ufe0f\">\n            <span>\n            <p>un t<strong>on piquant, vif et indign\u00e9<\/strong> ;<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\u270d\ufe0f\">\n            <span>\n            <p>des vocabulaire \u00e0 <strong>connotation n\u00e9gative<\/strong>\u00a0;<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\u270d\ufe0f\">\n            <span>\n            <p>des <strong>questions rh\u00e9toriques <\/strong>qui ne demandent pas de r\u00e9ponse et obligent le lecteur \u00e0 admettre qu\u2019on a raison ou \u00e0 susciter son int\u00e9r\u00eat ;<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\u270d\ufe0f\">\n            <span>\n            <p><strong>l\u2019ironie<\/strong> (proc\u00e9d\u00e9 qui oppose l\u2019explicite, ce qu\u2019on dit, et l\u2019implicite, le vrai message \u00e0 faire passer, afin de mettre en doute la v\u00e9rit\u00e9 d\u2019un jugement) ;<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\u270d\ufe0f\">\n            <span>\n            <p>des <strong>moqueries<\/strong>, des <strong>plaisanteries d\u00e9valorisantes<\/strong> ;<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\u270d\ufe0f\">\n            <span>\n            <p>des <strong>caricatures <\/strong>(portrait exag\u00e9r\u00e9 dans le but de se moquer) ;<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\u270d\ufe0f\">\n            <span>\n            <p>l\u2019usage de la <strong>2e personne du singulier ou du pluriel<\/strong> (tu, vous) ;<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\u270d\ufe0f\">\n            <span>\n            <p>des <strong>grossi\u00e8ret\u00e9s<\/strong>, des <strong>insultes<\/strong> (attention, elles ne sont jamais gratuites !) ;<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\u270d\ufe0f\">\n            <span>\n            <p>une <strong>ponctuation expressive<\/strong> (avec des tournures exclamatives ou interrogatives).<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n    \n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/QgawLg4F0hJJe\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"petit extraterrestre qui rit de mani\u00e8re d\u00e9moniaque \" style=\"width:403px;height:235px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>On vient de r\u00e9veiller le pamphl\u00e9taire qui est en toi ! <\/em>\ud83d\ude31<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<section class=\"relance\">\n        <div >\n                            <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/litterature\">\n                    <div class=\"relance__container\"\n                        >\n                        \n                                                        <picture>\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-5.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 999px)\">\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-5.jpg\" media=\"(max-width: 999px)\">\n                                <img decoding=\"async\"\n                                    src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/relance-cours-particulier-5.jpg\"\n                                    alt=\"Personne qui donne des cours particuliers\"\n                                >\n                            <\/picture>\n                                                <div class=\"relance__content\">\n                            \n                                <div class=\"relance__title\"> <p>Si tu veux \u00e9crire un pamphlet (ou n&#8217;importe quel texte) bien pens\u00e9 mais que tu as encore besoin de conseils, tu es au bon endroit.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <button type=\"button\"\n                                    class=\"relance__button btn btn-white\">\n                                Trouve ton sherpa !\n                            <\/button>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n    \n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pourquoi utiliser un pamphlet ? \ud83d\uddef\ufe0f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Un pamphlet est par nature <strong>\u00e9ph\u00e9m\u00e8re<\/strong> (il est vou\u00e9 \u00e0 dispara\u00eetre) car il est intrins\u00e8quement <strong>li\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019actualit\u00e9 contemporaine<\/strong>, \u00e0 <strong>une p\u00e9riode historique pr\u00e9cise<\/strong>. Il faut le voir comme une <strong>arme contre le pouvoir<\/strong> ! \ud83d\udde1\ufe0f&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est un aussi un <strong>t\u00e9moignage de libert\u00e9<\/strong>\u2026 peu importe les cons\u00e9quences ! Et certains pamphl\u00e9taires ont pay\u00e9 cher le prix de leur publication ! \u2620\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Par exemple, <strong>Voltaire<\/strong> est emprisonn\u00e9 pendant onze mois \u00e0 la <strong>Bastille<\/strong> en <strong>1715<\/strong> pour s\u2019\u00eatre moqu\u00e9 du <strong>r\u00e9gent Philippe d\u2019Orl\u00e9ans.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p>Sans <span style=\"color: #00ffff\">libert\u00e9 de bl\u00e2mer<\/span>, il n&#8217;est point d&#8217;<span style=\"color: #00ffff\">\u00e9loge flatteur<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos  citation__infos--full \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\">Beaumarchais<\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\">\u00ab Le Mariage de Figaro \u00bb<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Diffuser ses id\u00e9es \u00e0 tout prix ! \ud83d\udcdc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Le pamphl\u00e9taire <strong>revendique haut et fort ses contestations<\/strong> pour <strong>d\u00e9fendre une cause ou une id\u00e9e ou s\u2019opposer \u00e0 ses opposants<\/strong> (un r\u00e9gime politique, une personnalit\u00e9, une institution\u2026).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83e\udd37 Quel est son probl\u00e8me ? L\u2019argumentation d\u2019un tel \u00e9crit est vive, provocante, violente et parfois, sans retenue (tu as vu les proc\u00e9d\u00e9s employ\u00e9s ?!). Le pamphl\u00e9taire accuse, d\u00e9nonce, argumente s\u00e9rieusement afin de d\u00e9voiler sa v\u00e9rit\u00e9.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Et, tu t\u2019en doutes, <strong>critiquer ouvertement ses opposants n\u2019est pas sans cons\u00e9quences<\/strong>\u2026 surtout en p\u00e9riode de r\u00e9pression politique.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\ude45 Censur\u00e9 !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Pr\u00e9sente depuis l\u2019Antiquit\u00e9, la <strong>censure<\/strong> est un <strong>examen r\u00e9pressif de la production litt\u00e9raire, artistique ou r\u00e9flexive par un pouvoir<\/strong> (politique, religieux\u2026). Ce dernier peut autoriser ou interdire la publication.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Selon les \u00e9poques, la <strong>production d\u2019\u00e9crits critiques ou non conformes \u00e0 la morale<\/strong>, est fortement <strong>condamnable<\/strong> (amende, prison, d\u00e9portation, excommunication, torture, condamnation \u00e0 mort\u2026).<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/xTk2YOKxI3xM4f8xEs\/giphy.gif \" alt=\"Un ananas est guillotin\u00e9 !\" style=\"width:333px;height:250px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Gloups !<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1Pour aller plus loin !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Il faut la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/loda\/id\/LEGITEXT000006070722\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Loi du 29 juillet 1881<\/a> sur la <strong>libert\u00e9 de la presse<\/strong> pour que la <strong>censure soit abolie en France<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Alors, comment faire pour rester en vie ?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>Guide de survie quand tu es pamphl\u00e9taire en France avant 1881<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><!-- wp:list --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>Tu publies dans une <strong>imprimerie<\/strong> autoris\u00e9e par l\u2019Etat et tu acceptes de t\u2019<strong>auto-censurer.<\/strong> On ne voit pas trop l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat d\u2019\u00e9crire un pamphlet, de fait. \ud83e\udd14<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li>Tu utilises une <strong>presse portative<\/strong> pour imprimer ta prose toi-m\u00eame \u2013 et attention, c\u2019est encombrant !<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li>Tu fais appel \u00e0 une <strong>imprimerie situ\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger,<\/strong> surtout aux fronti\u00e8res du pays (en Suisse, en Belgique\u2026).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li>Tu te fais des potes et tu cr\u00e9es un <strong>r\u00e9seau de diffusion clandestin <\/strong>dans l\u2019Europe enti\u00e8re, pour que ton pamphlet soit diffus\u00e9 partout et rapidement. Plus ton r\u00e9seau est s\u00fbr et rapide, moins la police remontera jusqu\u2019\u00e0 toi !<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li>Tu te fais des potes qui acceptent de <strong>copier le texte \u00e0 la main pour ne pas aller \u00e0 l\u2019imprimerie<\/strong>, contr\u00f4l\u00e9e bien souvent par l&#8217;\u00c9tat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li>Tu te trouves un <strong>protecteur puissant<\/strong> (un <strong>m\u00e9c\u00e8ne, quoi<\/strong>) qui peut t\u2019\u00e9viter des ennuis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li>Tu <strong>placardes ton discours sur les murs de ta ville<\/strong>, \u00e0 la sauvette, la nuit (et on esp\u00e8re que tu cours vite pour \u00e9viter la police et les chiens !).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li>Tu fais <strong>traduire ton ouvrage dans une autre langue<\/strong>. L\u2019avantage, c\u2019est que le mot \u00ab pamphlet \u00bb est le m\u00eame en anglais.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li>Tu choisis un <strong>pseudonyme<\/strong> (et vaut mieux choisir un nom \u00e9tranger\u2026 Mais tu devrais \u00e9viter \u00ab John Smith \u00bb, c\u2019est cram\u00e9 direct !).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li>Tu distribues ton \u00e9crit \u00ab sous le manteau \u00bb, sous la <strong>forme de tracts<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li>Tu publies dans un <strong>journal<\/strong> de mani\u00e8re <strong>anonyme<\/strong> (mais on t\u2019avoue que c\u2019est risqu\u00e9 !).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li>Tu d\u00e9cides de transformer ton <strong>discours en chanson<\/strong> et que tu sifflotes dans la rue, OKLM !<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/1lwQMq1ff2y4kv1DpF\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Chat coinc\u00e9 dans un coin qui souffle. \" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>C&#8217;est bon ? Tu es encore vivant ?<\/em> <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>\ud83d\udc49 Si le sujet du <a href=\"https:\/\/essentiels.bnf.fr\/fr\/livres-et-ecritures\/histoire-du-livre-occidental\/efbeed25-e194-437d-ac46-ee9254f2d014-livre-lepoque-moderne-16e-18e-siecles\/article\/3fb67167-0300-400d-81c0-3dce8cff24d6-censure-livres-et-son-contournement-18e-siecle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>contournement de <\/strong><\/a><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/essentiels.bnf.fr\/fr\/livres-et-ecritures\/histoire-du-livre-occidental\/efbeed25-e194-437d-ac46-ee9254f2d014-livre-lepoque-moderne-16e-18e-siecles\/article\/3fb67167-0300-400d-81c0-3dce8cff24d6-censure-livres-et-son-contournement-18e-siecle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">la<\/a><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/essentiels.bnf.fr\/fr\/livres-et-ecritures\/histoire-du-livre-occidental\/efbeed25-e194-437d-ac46-ee9254f2d014-livre-lepoque-moderne-16e-18e-siecles\/article\/3fb67167-0300-400d-81c0-3dce8cff24d6-censure-livres-et-son-contournement-18e-siecle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong> censure<\/strong><\/a> t\u2019int\u00e9resse, la <strong>Biblioth\u00e8que nationale de France <\/strong>propose de tr\u00e8s beaux documents \u00e0 consulter sur Internet.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Critiquer quoi et qui ? \ud83d\uddef\ufe0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Comme nous le disions, les discours pol\u00e9miques <strong>d\u00e9pendent d\u2019un contexte historique pr\u00e9cis<\/strong>. Ces discours existent depuis l\u2019Antiquit\u00e9 (avec Aristophane ou D\u00e9mosth\u00e8ne pour ne citer que les auteurs les plus connus). En Europe<strong>, la litt\u00e9rature pamphl\u00e9taire se d\u00e9veloppe surtout \u00e0 la fin du XVIIIe si\u00e8cle<\/strong> (durant la p\u00e9riode de la <strong>R\u00e9volution de 1789<\/strong>), puis <strong>tout au long du XIXe si\u00e8cle<\/strong> (notamment en France avec ses <strong>divers gouvernements successifs<\/strong>).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/WKuM740nMxuH6\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"R\u00e9volutionnaire \u00e0 perruque qui retire des lunettes de soleil avec un air pas content.\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>\u00c0 mort Louis&#8230; croix-v\u00e9-b\u00e2ton !<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9crivain pol\u00e9miste peut s\u2019attaquer \u00e0 plusieurs cibles :&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"list-formatted\">\n                <li data-symbol=\"\u270a\">\n            <span>\n            <p>un <strong>parti<\/strong>, un <strong>r\u00e9gime<\/strong>, une <strong>institution<\/strong> ou une <strong>personnalit\u00e9 politique<\/strong>,<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\u270a\">\n            <span>\n            <p>l\u2019<strong>\u00c9glise catholique<\/strong>, <strong>diff\u00e9rents courant religieux<\/strong>, un <strong>mouvement sectaire<\/strong>,<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\u270a\">\n            <span>\n            <p>une <strong>id\u00e9e<\/strong>, un <strong>courant de pens\u00e9e<\/strong>,<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\u270a \">\n            <span>\n            <p>un <strong>ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne de soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/strong>,<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\u270a\">\n            <span>\n            <p>une<strong> cat\u00e9gorie sociale <\/strong>ou une <strong>personne<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n    \n\n\n<section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p>De tout temps, les <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">pamphlets<\/span> ont chang\u00e9 la face du monde.<\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos  citation__infos--full \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\">Paul-Louis Courier<\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\">\u00ab Pamphlets des pamphlets \u00bb, 1824<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>\ud83d\udc49 Parfois, les <strong>cibles de ouvrages pol\u00e9miques sont cach\u00e9es<\/strong> afin de <strong>faire r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir le lecteur<\/strong>. C\u2019est une mani\u00e8re pour les pamphl\u00e9taires de le <strong>rallier \u00e0 leur cause<\/strong> !<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>\ud83d\udcd6 Si tu veux aller plus loin, n\u2019h\u00e9site pas \u00e0 lire <em>La Parole pamphl\u00e9taire. Typologie des discours modernes<\/em> de Marc Angenot, paru en 1982 !<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycz9zaWdudXA9dHJ1ZQ==\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;#8217; global #2 = CPG2\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Cle\u0301mence2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Cl\u00e9mence<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Thibault2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Thibault<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris Ulm<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">20\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Sophie2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Sophie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Bordeaux<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">12\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Noemie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">No\u00e9mie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">M2 en droit \u00e0 Assas<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fanny2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Fanny<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Ponts ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Simon2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Simon<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">4e ann\u00e9e de m\u00e9decine<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Nicolas2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Nicolas<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">CentraleSup\u00e9lec<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                 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       <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin d&#8217;un prof particulier ? <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><!-- notionvc: 9b5ed38b-ea2e-4d3c-a3bb-f0091c2eedd2 --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont l\u00e0 pour t&#8217;aider \u00e0 progresser !<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!-- notionvc: 20490bdd-6579-484b-9d99-0ff0bc1aa8e7 --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS GRATUIT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Des exemples de pamphlets dans l\u2019histoire \ud83d\udcda<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00eame si le pamphlet est li\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019actualit\u00e9, certains sont rest\u00e9s c\u00e9l\u00e8bres !<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Au XIXe si\u00e8cle,<strong> des journaux sont cr\u00e9\u00e9s, propices \u00e0 la litt\u00e9rature pamphl\u00e9taire<\/strong>, comme <a href=\"https:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb328051026\/date\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>La Lanterne<\/em><\/a> ou <a href=\"https:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb34452332k\/date&amp;rk=64378;0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Le<\/em> <em>Charivari<\/em><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"915\" src=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pamphlet-13.jpg\" alt=\"caricature qui montre que le roi Louis-Philippe a progressivement une t\u00eate de poire. \" class=\"wp-image-264683\" style=\"width:440px;height:629px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pamphlet-13.jpg?q=90&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=640 640w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pamphlet-13.jpg?q=90&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=210 210w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pamphlet-13.jpg?q=90&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=87 87w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pamphlet-13.jpg?q=90&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=190 190w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pamphlet-13.jpg?q=90&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=288 288w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pamphlet-13.jpg?q=90&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=259 259w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pamphlet-13.jpg?q=90&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=263 263w, https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/https:\/\/adymrxvmro.cloudimg.io\/v7\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pamphlet-13.jpg?q=90&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=42 42w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Cette caricature est une forme de pamphlet satirique contre Louis-Philippe, roi des Fran\u00e7ais !<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p>Il y a des <span style=\"color: #003366\">mots<\/span> aussi <span style=\"color: #0000ff\">meurtriers<\/span> qu\u2019<span style=\"color: #008080\">une chambre \u00e0 gaz.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos  citation__infos--full \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\">Simone de Beauvoir<\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\">philosophe et essayiste fran\u00e7aise\u00a0<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quelques pamphlets du pass\u00e9 \ud83e\udeb6<\/h3>\n\n\n<ul class=\"list-formatted\">\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83d\udcdc\">\n            <span>\n            <p><em>La doctrine et la discipline du divorce <\/em>\/ \u00ab <em>The Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce \u00bb<\/em>, 1643-1644 : <strong>John Milton<\/strong> <strong>d\u00e9fend la l\u00e9galisation du divorce contre la loi anglaise du mariage, <\/strong>qui n\u2019a pas chang\u00e9 depuis le Moyen \u00c2ge.<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83d\udcdc\">\n            <span>\n            <p><em>De l\u2019horrible danger de la lecture<\/em>, 1766 : Voltaire, notre<strong> philosophe des <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/leurope-des-lumieres\/\"><strong>Lumi\u00e8res<\/strong><\/a> s\u2019attaque aux <strong>repr\u00e9sentants de la religion<\/strong> qui souhaitent, selon lui, maintenir le peuple dans l\u2019ignorance et la superstition.<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83d\udcdc\">\n            <span>\n            <p><em>Le Si\u00e8cle de la raison<\/em> \/ \u00ab <em>The Age of Reason<\/em> \u00bb, 1794-1795 : <strong>Thomas Taine<\/strong> r\u00e9dige ce pamphlet <strong>contre le christianisme<\/strong> et d\u00e9fend le <strong>d\u00e9isme<\/strong> (en gros, tu crois en Dieu mais tu es contre le principe de religion !).<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83d\udcdc\">\n            <span>\n            <p><em>L\u2019Ami du peuple<\/em>, 1789-1792 : <strong>Marat<\/strong> publie un <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb32691640p\/date\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">journal<\/a><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/cb32691640p\/date\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong> pamphl\u00e9taire<\/strong><\/a> dans lequel <strong>il s\u2019attaque violemment \u00e0 la monarchie, \u00e0 l\u2019aristocratie<\/strong> et propose de couper de tr\u00e8s nombreuses t\u00eates\u2026 !<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n    \n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1Le savais-tu ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Le romancier <strong>Louis-Ferdinand C\u00e9line <\/strong>a publi\u00e9 des <strong>pamphlets antis\u00e9mites <\/strong>: <em>Bagatelles pour un massacre<\/em> (1937) et <em>L&#8217;\u00c9cole des cadavres<\/em> (1938). C\u2019est pour cette raison qu\u2019en 2011, le ministre<strong> Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Mitterrand a renonc\u00e9 \u00e0 le compter parmi les 500 personnalit\u00e9s pour lesquelles il souhaitait des c\u00e9l\u00e9brations nationales<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le pamphlet aujourd\u2019hui : \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e8re du num\u00e9rique \ud83d\udda5\ufe0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Aujourd\u2019hui, la parole est assez libre, <strong>le genre du pamphlet est toujours d\u2019actualit\u00e9<\/strong> et les moyens de publications se sont multipli\u00e9s avec <strong>l\u2019arriv\u00e9e d\u2019Internet<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le livre imprim\u00e9 reste toujours l\u2019un des moyens les plus utilis\u00e9s. On peut te citer quelques exemples r\u00e9cents :&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"list-formatted\">\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83d\udcd9\">\n            <span>\n            <p><em>Le droit \u00e0 la paresse<\/em>, Paul Lafargue, 2000 ;<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83d\udcd9\">\n            <span>\n            <p><em>La revanche du rameur. Comment survivre aux m\u00e9decins, aux hi\u00e9rarchies et \u00e0 notre soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/em>, Dominique Dupagne, 2012 ;<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83d\udcd9\">\n            <span>\n            <p><em>Fragiles ou contagieuses. Le pouvoir m\u00e9dical et le corps des femmes<\/em>, Barbara Ehrenreich, 2016.<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n    \n\n\n\n<p> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On trouve aussi beaucoup d&#8217;ouvrages pol\u00e9miques publi\u00e9s sur Internet. Mais la parole pamphl\u00e9taire se <strong>d\u00e9ploie sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux <\/strong>(Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, \u2026 tmtc !), que ce soit r\u00e9dig\u00e9 ou \u00e0 l\u2019oral (en podcast audio ou vid\u00e9o par exemple). <strong>L\u2019agressivit\u00e9 <\/strong>de certains commentaires ou articles <strong>est souvent d\u00e9nonc\u00e9e<\/strong>. <strong>L\u2019anonymat renforce le sentiment d\u2019impunit\u00e9 et la violence des propos<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u26a0\ufe0f Il ne faut pas confondre l&#8217;agressivit\u00e9 gratuite et le pamphlet dans lequel les critiques, quoi que parfois violentes, sont construites et argument\u00e9es !<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/toXKzaJP3WIgM\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Un homme qui tape rapidement sur son clavier d'ordinateur. \" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Les rageux derri\u00e8re leurs \u00e9crans !<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>\ud83d\udc49 Si tu souhaites lire davantage, tu peux lire le <em>Dictionnaire du pamphlet : de la r\u00e9volution \u00e0 Internet<\/em>, de Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Saenen, paru en 2010.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Maintenant, tu sais tout sur le pamphlet ! Si cet article t\u2019a plu, n\u2019h\u00e9site pas \u00e0 laisser un commentaire. Laisse-nous une \u00e9toile si \u00e7a t\u2019a plu. \u2b50&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;264655&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;10&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;4.2&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;4.2\\\/5 - (10 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Le pamphlet : une arme efficace de d\u00e9nonciation \u2712\ufe0f&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;119.3&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 119.3px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            4.2\/5 - (10 votes)    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tu as d\u00e9j\u00e0 pris ton ordinateur pour \u00e9crire un commentaire rageux et ainsi d\u00e9noncer le comportement d\u2019un type (&#8230;)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":360,"featured_media":264656,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"category":[805,803,806],"tag":[549,766],"class_list":["post-264655","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-francais","category-apprendre-matiere","category-lettres","tag-bac-de-francais","tag-commentaire-texte"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/264655","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/360"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=264655"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/264655\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/264656"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=264655"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category?post=264655"},{"taxonomy":"tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag?post=264655"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}