{"id":262918,"date":"2023-08-25T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-08-25T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/?p=262918"},"modified":"2025-05-13T16:10:33","modified_gmt":"2025-05-13T14:10:33","slug":"franklin-delano-roosevelt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/franklin-delano-roosevelt\/","title":{"rendered":"Franklin Delano Roosevelt, le pr\u00e9sident noueur de deals \ud83e\udd1d"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Franklin Delano Roosevelt<\/strong>, il te dit quelque chose ? C\u2019est le pr\u00e9sident des \u00c9tats-Unis des ann\u00e9es 30, qui a notamment propos\u00e9 le New Deal pour faire face aux difficult\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques d\u2019alors. Son temp\u00e9rament se r\u00e9sume \u00e0 \u00e7a : <strong>se battre pour appliquer ses id\u00e9es malgr\u00e9 les difficult\u00e9s<\/strong>. Tu as envie d&rsquo;en savoir plus sur le 32e Pr\u00e9sident des \u00c9tats-Unis ? Alors on y va ! \ud83d\ude80<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"tableau-de-presentation-de-franklin-delano-roosevelt\">Tableau de pr\u00e9sentation de Franklin Delano Roosevelt<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-1843\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-1843\">\n<tbody class=\"row-striping row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Dates<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">1882 - 1945<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Parti politique<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Parti d\u00e9mocrate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Mandats<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">S\u00e9nateur de l'\u00c9tat de New York (1911 - 1914), Secr\u00e9taire adjoint \u00e0 la Marine (1913 - 1921), Gouverneur de l'\u00c9tat de New York (1929 - 1932), Pr\u00e9sident des \u00c9tats-Unis (1933 - 1945)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">\u00c9pouse<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Eleanor Roosevelt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-1843 from cache -->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"qui-est-franklin-delano-roosevelt\">Qui est Franklin Delano Roosevelt ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00e9 en 1882 \u00e0 New York, Roosevelt m\u00e8ne une vie paisible dans un milieu ais\u00e9. Son p\u00e8re, James Roosevelt, est un homme d\u2019affaires. Sa m\u00e8re, Sarah Ann Delano, est une h\u00e9riti\u00e8re d&rsquo;une famille d&rsquo;exploitants de mines. On peut le dire : <strong>la famille Roosevelt est \u00e0 l\u2019aise financi\u00e8rement<\/strong> ! \ud83e\ude99<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/franklin-delano-roosevelt.gif\" alt=\"Kim Kardashian qui lance des billets\" class=\"wp-image-262919\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>ABBA avait raison : c&rsquo;est un monde de riches !<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Pour ses \u00e9tudes, Roosevelt se tourne vers une carri\u00e8re d&rsquo;avocat. Il \u00e9tudie \u00e0 Harvard et Columbia. Rien que \u00e7a ! \ud83d\udcda<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9mdW5uZWwtc3R1ZGVudC1xdWFsaWZpY2F0aW9u\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;rsquo; global #1 = CPG1\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jade2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jade<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jeanne2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jeanne<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Pierre2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Pierre<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESSEC<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">16\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Cle\u0301mence2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Cl\u00e9mence<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Louise2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Louise<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Mines ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fanny2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Fanny<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Ponts ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/David2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">David<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">EDHEC<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Antoine2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Antoine<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">18\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Ton premier cours particulier est offert ! <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\ud83c\udf81\">\ud83c\udf81<\/span><!-- notionvc: 91b6b7d7-50f2-46f4-ae1f-ecbabe834aad --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont pass\u00e9s par les meilleures \u00e9coles et universit\u00e9s.<!-- notionvc: 21bb66b6-b36d-4ce8-8950-173722d75a1e --><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: #ffffff; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        J&rsquo;EN PROFITE MAINTENANT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"une-carriere-bien-remplie\">Une carri\u00e8re bien remplie \ud83e\ude9c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Si Roosevelt est connu pour son travail \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sidence dans les ann\u00e9es 1930, ce n\u2019est pas la seule fonction qu\u2019il a occup\u00e9e dans sa vie. Il a plut\u00f4t accumul\u00e9 de l\u2019<strong>exp\u00e9rience avec des postes dans des secteurs vari\u00e9s<\/strong>. Parmi celles-ci, il y en a trois dont on aimerait te parler.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"secretaire-adjoint-a-la-marine-1913-1921\">Secr\u00e9taire adjoint \u00e0 la Marine (1913 &#8211; 1921) \ud83c\udf0a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 s\u00e9nateur de l&rsquo;\u00c9tat de New York, Roosevelt devient <strong>Secr\u00e9taire adjoint \u00e0 la Marine des \u00c9tats-Unis<\/strong>. \u00c0 l\u2019\u00e9poque de Roosevelt, ce poste est exerc\u00e9 par une personne appartenant au cabinet du pr\u00e9sident, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire l\u2019ensemble des personnes d\u2019importance dans l&rsquo;ex\u00e9cutif. Il est charg\u00e9 de toutes les affaires qui concernent la Marine, l\u2019arm\u00e9e de guerre maritime du pays de l\u2019oncle Sam. En cela, <strong>il est confront\u00e9 pour la premi\u00e8re fois de sa vie \u00e0 l&rsquo;agenda politique d&rsquo;un pr\u00e9sident<\/strong> puisqu&rsquo;il travaille pour Wilson, le 28e locataire de la Maison-Blanche. \ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>La passion de Roosevelt pour la mer<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Au vu de ses \u00e9tudes, tu te demandes peut-\u00eatre comment Roosevelt s\u2019est retrouv\u00e9 \u00e0 s\u2019occuper des affaires maritimes. Il faut revenir \u00e0 son passage sur les bancs de l\u2019universit\u00e9 pour le comprendre. Le futur homme politique s\u2019est passionn\u00e9 pour les bateaux \u00e0 ce moment-l\u00e0. \ud83d\udee5\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Avec ce m\u00e9tier, il est au plus pr\u00e8s des prises de d\u00e9cisions de Wilson. S&rsquo;il voit l&rsquo;envers du d\u00e9cor des choix politiques du pr\u00e9sident, il assiste \u00e9galement aux cons\u00e9quences de ceux-ci. Les pr\u00e9parations de la <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/la-premiere-guerre-mondiale\/\">Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale<\/a> et l&rsquo;\u00e9chec du Trait\u00e9 de Versailles (que les \u00c9tats-Unis refusent de signer), une des <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/justice-internationale\/\">grandes dates de la Justice internationale<\/a>, en font partie. \u2696\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"relance\">\n        <div >\n                            <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/guide-matieres-lycee\/\">\n                    <div class=\"relance__container\"\n                        >\n                        \n                                                        <picture>\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ebook-epreuves-du-bac.png\" media=\"(min-width: 999px)\">\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ebook-epreuves-du-bac.png\" media=\"(max-width: 999px)\">\n                                <img decoding=\"async\"\n                                    src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ebook-epreuves-du-bac.png\"\n                                    alt=\"\"\n                                >\n                            <\/picture>\n                                                <div class=\"relance__content\">\n                            \n                                <div class=\"relance__title\"> <p>Tu redoutes le sujet d&rsquo;histoire pour ton bac ? T\u00e9l\u00e9charge notre guide sur les \u00e9preuves du bac pour dissiper tes peurs !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <button type=\"button\"\n                                    class=\"relance__button btn btn-white\">\n                                Ton ebook n&rsquo;attend plus que toi !\n                            <\/button>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n    \n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"candidat-a-la-vice-presidentielle-du-candidat-democrate-james-cox-pour-lelection-presidentielle-de-1920\">Candidat \u00e0 la vice-pr\u00e9sidentielle du candidat d\u00e9mocrate James Cox pour l\u2019\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle de 1920 \ud83d\uddf3\ufe0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Mince alors. <strong>Roosevelt a \u00e9t\u00e9 candidat \u00e0 la vice-pr\u00e9sidentielle des \u00c9tats-Unis \u00e0 seulement 38 ans<\/strong> ! C\u2019est quand m\u00eame incroyable n\u2019est-ce pas ? Pourtant, Roosevelt n\u2019est pas arriv\u00e9 jusque l\u00e0 par hasard. Il le doit \u00e0 une de ses grandes qualit\u00e9s : <strong>sa loyaut\u00e9<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En tant que Secr\u00e9taire adjoint \u00e0 la Marine, <strong>il a toujours soutenu Wilson<\/strong>. Lors de l\u2019\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle de 1912, Franklin Delano Roosevelt d\u00e9cide de voter pour Wilson, alors que celui-ci est l\u2019adversaire de son cousin Th\u00e9odore Roosevelt. Et quand il a voulu s&rsquo;enr\u00f4ler pour combattre lors du premier conflit mondial, il est finalement rest\u00e9 \u00e0 Washington pour soutenir l\u2019armistice propos\u00e9 par Wilson. Si tu veux, Roosevelt est celui qui \u00e9paule Wilson. \ud83d\udc9a<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"495\" height=\"204\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/franklin-delano-roosevelt-bucky.gif?func=bound&amp;w=495&amp;h=204\" alt=\"Steve Rogers qui pose sa main sur l'\u00e9paule de Bucky Barnes\" class=\"wp-image-262920\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Roosevelt, le fr\u00e8re de Wilson !<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Mais bon, <strong>James Cox, le candidat du parti d\u00e9mocrate \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sidentielle, dont Roosevelt est le colistier, perd face aux r\u00e9publicains<\/strong>. Pour Roosevelt, c&rsquo;est un mal pour un bien. Il ne devient pas vice-pr\u00e9sident, mais acquiert de la notori\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019issue de cette \u00e9lection. \ud83d\udc4f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"gouverneur-de-letat-de-new-york-1928-1932\">Gouverneur de l&rsquo;\u00c9tat de New York (1928 &#8211; 1932) \ud83d\uddfd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>8 ans plus tard, <strong>Roosevelt d\u00e9marre son mandat de gouverneur de l&rsquo;\u00c9tat de New York<\/strong>. Mais 1928, c&rsquo;est aussi l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e du calme avant la temp\u00eate. Si nous te parlons de gens qui se ruent vers leurs banques pour r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer un maximum de billets, tu vois ce \u00e0 quoi nous faisons r\u00e9f\u00e9rence ? Eh oui, <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/crise-de-1929\/#:~:text=La%20crise%20se%20manifeste%20au,qui%20eux%20chutent%20de%2065%25.\">la crise \u00e9conomique de 1929<\/a> marque le d\u00e9but d&rsquo;une p\u00e9riode sombre dans l\u2019histoire de millions de gens. \ud83d\udcb5<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/franklin-delano-roosevelt-panique.gif?func=bound&amp;w=350&amp;h=300\" alt=\"Willem Dafoe qui fait un sourire effrayant\" class=\"wp-image-262921\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Euh la crise, c&rsquo;est une mauvaise blague, n&rsquo;est-ce pas ? <\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Qu&rsquo;est-ce que Roosevelt a fait face \u00e0 cette perturbation de l\u2019\u00e9conomie am\u00e9ricaine ? Il n&rsquo;a pas h\u00e9sit\u00e9 \u00e0 mettre les mains dans le cambouis. Il cr\u00e9e notamment une agence, la <em>Temporary Emergency Relief Administration<\/em> (Administration de l&rsquo;aide d&rsquo;urgence temporaire en fran\u00e7ais). Avec son budget de 20 millions de dollars, elle permet de proposer des postes aux ch\u00f4meurs am\u00e9ricains. Certains sont recrut\u00e9s pour travailler dans les for\u00eats de l\u2019\u00c9tat de New York.\ud83d\udcaa<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>Eleanor Roosevelt<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Derri\u00e8re l&rsquo;ascension de Roosevelt, il y a sa femme : Eleanor Roosevelt, ni\u00e8ce du 26e pr\u00e9sident des \u00c9tats-Unis, Theodore Roosevelt. Juste au-dessus, on t&rsquo;a dit qu&rsquo;on a fait un bond dans le temps. Mais dans celui-ci, Roosevelt a contract\u00e9 une maladie qui a paralys\u00e9 ses deux jambes. Un frein qui pousse l\u2019homme \u00e0 se questionner sur la poursuite de sa carri\u00e8re. C&rsquo;est Eleanor qui l&rsquo;encourage \u00e0 se battre. De 1921 \u00e0 1928, elle fait en sorte de maintenir la notori\u00e9t\u00e9 de son mari. Une aide pr\u00e9cieuse lorsque celui-ci brigue le poste de gouverneur de New York. \ud83e\uddbc<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9mdW5uZWwtc3R1ZGVudC1xdWFsaWZpY2F0aW9u\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;rsquo; global #2 = CPG2\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Cle\u0301mence2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Cl\u00e9mence<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Thibault2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Thibault<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris Ulm<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">20\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Sophie2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Sophie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Bordeaux<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">12\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Noemie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">No\u00e9mie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">M2 en droit \u00e0 Assas<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fanny2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Fanny<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Ponts ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Simon2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Simon<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">4e ann\u00e9e de m\u00e9decine<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Nicolas2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Nicolas<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">CentraleSup\u00e9lec<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin d&rsquo;un prof particulier ? <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><!-- notionvc: 9b5ed38b-ea2e-4d3c-a3bb-f0091c2eedd2 --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont l\u00e0 pour t&rsquo;aider \u00e0 progresser !<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!-- notionvc: 20490bdd-6579-484b-9d99-0ff0bc1aa8e7 --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS OFFERT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"roosevelt-vs-la-crise-economique-des-annees-1930\">Roosevelt VS la crise \u00e9conomique des ann\u00e9es 1930 \ud83d\udcc9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Les ann\u00e9es 1930. Une p\u00e9riode charni\u00e8re pour Roosevelt. Entre le d\u00e9but de sa pr\u00e9sidence et la mise en place des New Deal, on peut dire qu\u2019il n\u2019a pas ch\u00f4m\u00e9. Pour le savoir, tu peux lire la suite !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"roosevelt-president\">Roosevelt, pr\u00e9sident&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Depuis qu\u2019il est gouverneur de l\u2019\u00c9tat de New York, Roosevelt acquiert une notori\u00e9t\u00e9 cons\u00e9quente. Celle-ci fait de lui un candidat s\u00e9rieux \u00e0 la prochaine \u00e9ch\u00e9ance \u00e9lectorale.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>En 1932, Roosevelt se pr\u00e9sente comme candidat d\u00e9mocrate \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sidentielle<\/strong>. Face \u00e0 lui, Hoover, le pr\u00e9sident sortant. Afin de gagner des voix, Roosevelt a insist\u00e9 sur le bilan de son adversaire. Pour lui, Hoover n\u2019avait pas r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 mettre un terme aux difficult\u00e9s qui touchent l\u2019\u00e9conomie am\u00e9ricaine depuis 1929.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e8s la campagne, <strong>le candidat d\u00e9mocrate \u00e9voque son souhait de mettre en place un plan \u00e9conomique d\u2019ampleur : le <em>New Deal<\/em><\/strong>. Les efforts de Roosevelt finissent par payer. Il remporte l\u2019\u00e9lection haut la main : 57 % des \u00e9lecteurs am\u00e9ricains votent pour lui.&nbsp;\ud83d\uddf3\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"les-new-deals\">Les <em>New Deals<\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Posons les bases. Roosevelt a un plan pour que l\u2019Am\u00e9rique ne soit plus dans la panade. C\u2019est le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.herodote.net\/President_de_guerre-synthese-2190.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>New Deal<\/em><\/a>, un panel de mesures \u00e9conomiques mis en place sous son administration. Il a trois buts :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>aider les plus pauvres ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>redynamiser l&rsquo;\u00e9conomie am\u00e9ricaine ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>r\u00e9former les march\u00e9s financiers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"premier-new-deal-1934-1936\">Premier <em>New Deal <\/em>(1934 &#8211; 1936)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Pendant les \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/ici.radio-canada.ca\/nouvelle\/1030878\/barometre-100-premiers-jours-president-americain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cent premiers jours<\/a>\u201d de son mandat, Roosevelt applique de nombreuses mesures. Depuis son passage \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sidence, scruter les 100 jours du premier mandat d\u2019un pr\u00e9sident est devenu une tradition en Am\u00e9rique. C\u2019est une p\u00e9riode propice au d\u00e9cryptage de la tournure que peut prendre un mandat.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les mesures propos\u00e9es par Roosevelt sont \u00e9labor\u00e9es en amont par le <em><strong>Brain Trust<\/strong><\/em>. C&rsquo;est un groupe d\u2019\u00e9conomistes et d\u2019universitaires qui conseillent Roosevelt quant aux lois \u00e0 adopter. Il faut au moins \u00e7a pour sortir l&rsquo;Am\u00e9rique de la mouise. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Toutes les lois sont ensuite valid\u00e9es par le Congr\u00e8s. \u2705<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>Comment fonctionne le Congr\u00e8s des \u00c9tats-Unis ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>\u00c0 l\u2019instar du Parlement, une des <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/les-institutions-politiques-en-france\/\">institutions politiques fran\u00e7aises<\/a>, le Congr\u00e8s est compos\u00e9 de deux chambres : le S\u00e9nat et la Chambre des repr\u00e9sentants. Il a trois fonctions principales\u00a0:<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:list --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul><!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<li>discussion et vote des textes de loi ;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li>vote du budget f\u00e9d\u00e9ral ;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --> <!-- wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li><em>impeachment<\/em>, la possibilit\u00e9 de destituer le Pr\u00e9sident.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --> <!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Dans le cas du vote d\u2019une loi, deux commissions, une form\u00e9e par le S\u00e9nat, l\u2019autre par la Chambre des repr\u00e9sentants, se r\u00e9unissent. Ensuite, elles se mettent d\u2019accord sur le texte final et le soumettent au Pr\u00e9sident. Quand on sait qu\u2019une quinzaine de lois ont \u00e9t\u00e9 vot\u00e9es lors des <em>Cent premiers jours<\/em> du mandat de Roosevelt, on peut se dire que cela devait \u00eatre le marathon au Congr\u00e8s ! \ud83c\udfc3<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"295\" height=\"231\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/franklin-delano-roosevelt-run.gif?func=bound&amp;w=295&amp;h=231\" alt=\"Un amphibien qui prend les jambes \u00e0 son cou\" class=\"wp-image-262925\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Ah bah faire de la politique, c&rsquo;est du sport !<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Si tu veux te remettre \u00e0 niveau sur les institutions de la politique am\u00e9ricaine, tu peux prendre des <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/sciences-politiques\">cours particuliers de sciences politiques<\/a> avec nos profs !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Parmi les mesures, il y a un <strong>abandon de l&rsquo;\u00e9talon-or<\/strong>. Selon la <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/focus-etalon-or-05_2010-11-22.pdf\">Banque de France<\/a>, c&rsquo;est un \u00ab\u00a0<em>syst\u00e8me mon\u00e9taire dans lequel (1) l\u2019unit\u00e9 mon\u00e9taire est d\u00e9finie en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 un poids fixe d\u2019or et (2) chaque monnaie nationale est librement convertible en or<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0. En gros, c\u2019est comme si tu faisais un \u00e9change. Si un dollar vaut trois lingots d\u2019or, tu peux demander \u00e0 les avoir apr\u00e8s avoir donn\u00e9 ton dollar.&nbsp;\ud83d\udcb5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Si Roosevelt d\u00e9cide de faire cela, c&rsquo;est parce que le gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral avait maintenu des taux d&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e9lev\u00e9s afin de ne pas r\u00e9duire les stocks d&rsquo;or. Probl\u00e8me : avec des taux d&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat importants, les gens ne peuvent emprunter, car ils n&rsquo;auront pas les moyens pour rembourser ce pr\u00eat. La rupture de l&rsquo;\u00e9talon-or permet de baisser les taux d&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat : les Am\u00e9ricains peuvent de nouveau emprunter s&rsquo;ils le souhaitent. \ud83d\udc4d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Si toute cette histoire autour de l\u2019\u00e9talon-or te para\u00eet floue, tu peux prendre des <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/economie\">cours particuliers d\u2019\u00e9conomie<\/a> avec nos profs !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Roosevelt<strong> d\u00e9value \u00e9galement le dollar de 40 %<\/strong>, c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire que la valeur de la monnaie am\u00e9ricaine baisse de 40 % par rapport aux autres. Au premier abord, cette mesure peut desservir les Am\u00e9ricains : ils peuvent acheter moins de produits de l&rsquo;\u00e9tranger. Mais s&rsquo;ils ach\u00e8tent moins de biens de l\u2019ext\u00e9rieur, ils doivent se tourner vers des produits locaux. Un moyen de relancer l&rsquo;\u00e9conomie am\u00e9ricaine. \ud83d\udcca<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"264\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/franklin-delano-roosevelt-smart.gif?func=bound&amp;w=480&amp;h=264\" alt=\"Un homme qui tapote sa tempe\" class=\"wp-image-262926\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Pas b\u00eate le Roosevelt !<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Ces projets portent \u00e9galement sur deux secteurs cl\u00e9s de l&rsquo;\u00e9conomie nationale : l&rsquo;agriculture et l&rsquo;industrie. Avec l&rsquo;<em>Agricultural Adjustment Act<\/em>, il <strong>augmente les prix des denr\u00e9es produites<\/strong> afin d&rsquo;\u00e9viter un surplus de production et d&rsquo;aider les agriculteurs \u00e0 vivre. Quant au <em>National Industrial Recovery Act<\/em>, il permet d&rsquo;<strong>augmenter les salaires des travailleurs dans les usines<\/strong>. \ud83c\udfed<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"deuxieme-new-deal-1936-1938\">Deuxi\u00e8me <em>New Deal <\/em>(1936 &#8211; 1938)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Peut-\u00eatre que tu te demandes pourquoi il y a un deuxi\u00e8me <em>New Deal<\/em>. Apr\u00e8s tout, le premier propose des mesures prometteuses. Mais l\u00e0 est le souci : il n&rsquo;y a pas assez d&rsquo;argent revers\u00e9 dans l&rsquo;\u00e9conomie pour atteindre la consommation d&rsquo;avant la crise. Preuve que Roosevelt est vu comme l\u2019homme de la situation, il se fait r\u00e9\u00e9lire en 1936. D\u00e8s la fin de l\u2019\u00e9lection, il d\u00e9cide de poursuivre sa politique pour modifier la conjoncture \u00e9conomique. On te l&rsquo;a dit : Roosevelt ne se laisse jamais abattre par un souci. \ud83d\ude45\u200d\u2642\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Parmi les mesures phares du deuxi\u00e8me <em>New Deal<\/em>, il y a :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>l&rsquo;augmentation des salaires et des aides de l&rsquo;\u00c9tat ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>la mise en place d&rsquo;une s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sociale ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>la construction de logements.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>Critiques des <em>New Deals<\/em> par le parti lib\u00e9ral et la Cour supr\u00eame<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Selon l&rsquo;opposition du Pr\u00e9sident des \u00c9tats-Unis, les New Deal ont une incidence sur la dur\u00e9e de la crise des ann\u00e9es 1930. La <em>Supreme Court<\/em> n\u2019est pas en reste. Selon les membres de la cour, une partie des lois propos\u00e9es par le gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral sont inconstitutionnelles. Cela concerne, par exemple, le National<em> Recovery Act<\/em>, dont le but \u00e9tait d\u2019augmenter les salaires et diminuer le ch\u00f4mage. Les juges de la <em>Supreme Court<\/em> consid\u00e9raient que le principe de la concurrence loyale impos\u00e9e aux entreprises donnait beaucoup de pouvoir l\u00e9gislatif au pr\u00e9sident. Or, cela est contraire aux principes de pouvoir s\u00e9par\u00e9s et \u00e9quilibr\u00e9s de <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/serie-politique-americaine\/\">la d\u00e9mocratie am\u00e9ricaine<\/a>. Un probl\u00e8me, car une loi jug\u00e9e inconstitutionnelle ne peut pas entrer en vigueur. \ud83d\ude2c<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"face-a-la-seconde-guerre-mondiale\">Face \u00e0 la Seconde Guerre mondiale \ud83e\ude96<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Comment ne pas \u00e9voquer la <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/seconde-guerre-mondiale-1939-1945\/\">Seconde Guerre mondiale<\/a> dans l\u2019histoire de Roosevelt ? Apr\u00e8s tout, elle fut un \u00e9l\u00e9ment central de son second et dernier mandat, et surtout jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 sa mort en 1945. Mais bon, tu dois te demander quel a \u00e9t\u00e9 le r\u00f4le du Pr\u00e9sident dans le conflit mondial. ? On te dit \u00e7a tout de suite ! \ud83c\udfc1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"pearl-harbor-et-lentree-dans-la-guerre\"><em>Pearl Harbor<\/em> et l\u2019entr\u00e9e dans la guerre<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Si tu te souviens bien, les \u00c9tats-Unis ne prennent pas part aux combats d\u00e8s l\u2019invasion de la Pologne par l\u2019Allemagne d\u2019Hitler en 1939. <strong>Ce n&rsquo;est qu&rsquo;apr\u00e8s le bombardement de la base militaire <em><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/bataille-de-pearl-harbor\/\">Pearl Harbor<\/a><\/em> par le Japon en 1941 que Roosevelt d\u00e9cide d&rsquo;agir<\/strong>. \ud83d\udca3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Apr\u00e8s la d\u00e9claration de guerre \u00e0 l&rsquo;archipel nippone, Roosevelt s&rsquo;auto-d\u00e9clare chef des op\u00e9rations alli\u00e9es et implique les \u00c9tats-Unis dans l&rsquo;effort de guerre. Ainsi, l&rsquo;arm\u00e9e am\u00e9ricaine participe \u00e0 la bataille d&rsquo;El Alamein en \u00c9gypte et au d\u00e9barquement en Sicile, des affrontements perdus par l\u2019arm\u00e9e d\u2019Hitler et ses alli\u00e9s. \ud83d\udca2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Si tu as envie de conna\u00eetre les d\u00e9tails de la d\u00e9faite de l\u2019Allemagne et du Japon lors de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, tu peux prendre des <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/histoire\">cours particuliers d\u2019histoire<\/a> avec nos profs !&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f4t\u00e9 diplomatie, <strong>Roosevelt se d\u00e9place en personne \u00e0 T\u00e9h\u00e9ran pour n\u00e9gocier avec <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/staline-portrait\/#:~:text=Grande%20Terreur%20et%20r%C3%A9pression%20politique,la%20sauveuse%20des%20nations%20sovi%C3%A9tiques.\">Staline<\/a><\/strong>. Lors de cette conf\u00e9rence de 1943, l\u2019Am\u00e9ricain et le Sovi\u00e9tique d\u00e9cident de l&rsquo;ouverture d&rsquo;un second front. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 celui-ci, les hommes d\u2019Hitler peuvent \u00eatre d\u00e9stabilis\u00e9s. Parmi les op\u00e9rations qui auront lieu : le <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/debarquement-normandie\/\">d\u00e9barquement de Normandie<\/a>. \ud83c\uddeb\ud83c\uddf7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"architecte-de-la-diplomatie-dapres-guerre\">Architecte de la diplomatie d&rsquo;apr\u00e8s-guerre<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e8s le d\u00e9but du conflit, Roosevelt et Churchill pensent \u00e0 la suite. Ils souhaitent construire au plus vite <strong>les fondations du monde en paix<\/strong>. Cela passe par des r\u00e9flexions sur les <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/les-relations-internationales\/\">Relations internationales<\/a>. D\u00e8s 1941, Churchill et Roosevelt adoptent la Charte de l&rsquo;Atlantique, un texte \u00e0 l&rsquo;origine de la charte des Nations Unies. En tout cas, on peut dire qu&rsquo;ils vont vite en besogne. \ud83d\udcbc<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/franklin-delano-roosevelt-presse.gif?func=bound&amp;w=480&amp;h=480\" alt=\"Un homme qui montre son poignet pour indiquer qu'il est press\u00e9\" class=\"wp-image-262928\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>On n&rsquo;a pas leur temps quoi !<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Alors que la <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/fin-de-la-seconde-guerre-mondiale\/\">fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale<\/a> approche<strong>, Roosevelt participe \u00e0 la conf\u00e9rence de Yalta en 1945 avec Staline et Churchill<\/strong>. Celle-ci doit d\u00e9cider du sort de l&rsquo;Allemagne et du Japon \u00e0 la sortie de la guerre. Il y a d\u2019abord les r\u00e9flexions quant au partage de l\u2019ex-Allemagne nazie. Finalement, l\u2019Allemagne et Berlin seront s\u00e9par\u00e9s en deux parties, une sous l\u2019influence des Occidentaux, l\u2019autre des Sovi\u00e9tiques. Quant au Japon, il sera sous domination am\u00e9ricaine.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 cela s\u2019ajoute <strong>la question du partage des territoires qui ne sont plus sous le joug des nazis<\/strong>. Les Alli\u00e9s souhaitent se les partager \u00e9quitablement. Chacun devra soutenir la mise en place de gouvernements d\u00e9mocratiques dans ces zones. \ud83e\udd14<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Voil\u00e0, tu sais tout sur le personnage historique qu&rsquo;\u00e9tait Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Si tu as envie de lire d\u2019autres portraits, en voici quelques-uns. \ud83d\udc47<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"manual-post\">\n        <div >\n                            <div class=\"manual-post__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"row\">\n                                <div class=\"col-12  col-md-4  col-lg-4\">\n                                        <div\n\n   class=\"article-card-vertical  article-card-vertical--3   \">\n\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/che-guevara\/\">\n            <picture>\n                <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"396\" height=\"264\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Che-Guevara-396x264.jpg\" class=\"article-card-vertical__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"che guevara\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Che-Guevara-396x264.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=396 396w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Che-Guevara-396x264.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=1920 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 396px) 100vw, 396px\" ci-src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Che-Guevara-396x264.jpg?q=85\" \/>\n                \n                    \n            <\/picture>\n\n        <\/a>\n     \n  \n    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__content\">\n        <a class=\"article-card-vertical__link\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/che-guevara\/\">\n            <h3 class=\"article-card-vertical__title\" id=\"che-guevara-portrait-de-licone-revolutionnaire\">\n                Che Guevara, portrait de l\u2019ic\u00f4ne r\u00e9volutionnaire&nbsp;\ud83d\udcaa\n            <\/h3>\n                            <div class=\"article-card-vertical__text\">\n                    Si tu dois retenir le nom d\u2019un r\u00e9volutionnaire sur cette plan\u00e8te, c&rsquo;est celui de Che Guevara ! Cet (&#8230;)\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/a>   \n                    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tags article-card-vertical__tags--hide\">\n                <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tag badge\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"col-12  col-md-4  col-lg-4\">\n                                        <div\n\n   class=\"article-card-vertical  article-card-vertical--3   \">\n\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/dorothea-lange\/\">\n            <picture>\n                <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"396\" height=\"270\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dorothea-lange-1-e1690557076955-396x270.jpeg\" class=\"article-card-vertical__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"dorothea lange\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dorothea-lange-1-e1690557076955-396x270.jpeg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=396 396w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dorothea-lange-1-e1690557076955-396x270.jpeg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=300 300w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dorothea-lange-1-e1690557076955-396x270.jpeg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=768 768w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dorothea-lange-1-e1690557076955-396x270.jpeg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=183 183w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dorothea-lange-1-e1690557076955-396x270.jpeg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=288 288w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dorothea-lange-1-e1690557076955-396x270.jpeg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=544 544w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dorothea-lange-1-e1690557076955-396x270.jpeg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=265 265w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dorothea-lange-1-e1690557076955-396x270.jpeg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=60 60w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dorothea-lange-1-e1690557076955-396x270.jpeg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=950 950w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 396px) 100vw, 396px\" ci-src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/dorothea-lange-1-e1690557076955-396x270.jpeg?q=85\" \/>\n                \n                    \n            <\/picture>\n\n        <\/a>\n     \n  \n    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__content\">\n        <a class=\"article-card-vertical__link\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/dorothea-lange\/\">\n            <h3 class=\"article-card-vertical__title\" id=\"dorothea-lange-portrait-dune-photographe-en-dehors-du-cadre\">\n                Dorothea Lange : portrait d\u2019une photographe en dehors du cadre&nbsp;\ud83d\udcf8\n            <\/h3>\n                            <div class=\"article-card-vertical__text\">\n                    Dorothea Lange (1895-1965) a marqu\u00e9 l\u2019histoire de la photographie am\u00e9ricaine par ses travaux engag\u00e9s durant la Grande D\u00e9pression (&#8230;)\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/a>   \n                    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tags article-card-vertical__tags--hide\">\n                <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tag badge\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"col-12  col-md-4  col-lg-4\">\n                                        <div\n\n   class=\"article-card-vertical  article-card-vertical--3   \">\n\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/charles-de-gaulle\/\">\n            <picture>\n                <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"364\" height=\"272\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/cdg-364x272.jpg\" class=\"article-card-vertical__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"charles de gaulle portrait\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/cdg-364x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=364 364w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/cdg-364x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=300 300w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/cdg-364x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=167 167w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/cdg-364x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=288 288w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/cdg-364x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=497 497w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/cdg-364x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=265 265w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/cdg-364x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=60 60w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/cdg-364x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=640 640w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 364px) 100vw, 364px\" ci-src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/cdg-364x272.jpg?q=85\" \/>\n                \n                    \n            <\/picture>\n\n        <\/a>\n     \n  \n    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__content\">\n        <a class=\"article-card-vertical__link\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/charles-de-gaulle\/\">\n            <h3 class=\"article-card-vertical__title\" id=\"charles-de-gaulle-un-homme-une-nation-un-heritage\">\n                Charles de Gaulle : un homme, une nation, un h\u00e9ritage&nbsp;\ud83c\udf96\ufe0f\n            <\/h3>\n                            <div class=\"article-card-vertical__text\">\n                    Aujourd&rsquo;hui, on va d\u00e9couvrir ensemble la vie de Charles de Gaulle, une figure embl\u00e9matique de l&rsquo;histoire de France. (&#8230;)\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/a>   \n                    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tags article-card-vertical__tags--hide\">\n                <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tag badge\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"col-12  col-md-4  col-lg-4\">\n                                        <div\n\n   class=\"article-card-vertical  article-card-vertical--3   \">\n\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/roi-charles-angleterre\/\">\n            <picture>\n                <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"272\" height=\"272\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/king-charles-g2c7b54674_1280-272x272.jpg\" class=\"article-card-vertical__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"le roi charles III\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/king-charles-g2c7b54674_1280-272x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=272 272w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/king-charles-g2c7b54674_1280-272x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=300 300w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/king-charles-g2c7b54674_1280-272x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=1024 1024w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/king-charles-g2c7b54674_1280-272x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=150 150w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/king-charles-g2c7b54674_1280-272x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=768 768w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/king-charles-g2c7b54674_1280-272x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=125 125w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/king-charles-g2c7b54674_1280-272x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=700 700w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/king-charles-g2c7b54674_1280-272x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=80 80w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/king-charles-g2c7b54674_1280-272x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=288 288w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/king-charles-g2c7b54674_1280-272x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=371 371w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/king-charles-g2c7b54674_1280-272x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=265 265w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/king-charles-g2c7b54674_1280-272x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=60 60w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/king-charles-g2c7b54674_1280-272x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=120 120w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/king-charles-g2c7b54674_1280-272x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=1280 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 272px) 100vw, 272px\" ci-src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/king-charles-g2c7b54674_1280-272x272.jpg?q=85\" \/>\n                \n                    \n            <\/picture>\n\n        <\/a>\n     \n  \n    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__content\">\n        <a class=\"article-card-vertical__link\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/roi-charles-angleterre\/\">\n            <h3 class=\"article-card-vertical__title\" id=\"charles-iii-le-portrait-dun-roi\">\n                Charles III : le portrait d\u2019un roi&nbsp;\ud83d\udc51\n            <\/h3>\n                            <div class=\"article-card-vertical__text\">\n                    Aujourd\u2019hui, on va d\u00e9couvrir le parcours de vie remarquable de Charles Windsor, hier connu comme le prince Charles, (&#8230;)\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/a>   \n                    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tags article-card-vertical__tags--hide\">\n                <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tag badge\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"col-12  col-md-4  col-lg-4\">\n                                        <div\n\n   class=\"article-card-vertical  article-card-vertical--3   \">\n\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/martin-luther-king-junior\/\">\n            <picture>\n                <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"396\" height=\"237\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Martin-Luther-King-396x237.jpg\" class=\"article-card-vertical__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"Martin Luther King\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Martin-Luther-King-396x237.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=396 396w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Martin-Luther-King-396x237.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=1280 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 396px) 100vw, 396px\" ci-src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Martin-Luther-King-396x237.jpg?q=85\" \/>\n                \n                    \n            <\/picture>\n\n        <\/a>\n     \n  \n    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__content\">\n        <a class=\"article-card-vertical__link\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/martin-luther-king-junior\/\">\n            <h3 class=\"article-card-vertical__title\" id=\"portrait-qui-etait-martin-luther-king-junior\">\n                Portrait : qui \u00e9tait Martin Luther King Junior ?&nbsp;\ud83e\udd14\n            <\/h3>\n                            <div class=\"article-card-vertical__text\">\n                    \u201cI have a dream\u201d, tu connais s\u00fbrement cette citation de Martin Luther King, mais connais-tu son histoire\u202f? Cet (&#8230;)\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/a>   \n                    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tags article-card-vertical__tags--hide\">\n                <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tag badge\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"col-12  col-md-4  col-lg-4\">\n                                        <div\n\n   class=\"article-card-vertical  article-card-vertical--3   \">\n\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/portrait-de-napoleon\/\">\n            <picture>\n                <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"396\" height=\"248\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Jacques-Louis_David_The_Coronation_of_Napoleon-e1658846256285-396x248.jpg\" class=\"article-card-vertical__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"Portrait de Napol\u00e9on\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Jacques-Louis_David_The_Coronation_of_Napoleon-e1658846256285-396x248.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=396 396w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Jacques-Louis_David_The_Coronation_of_Napoleon-e1658846256285-396x248.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=1035 1035w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 396px) 100vw, 396px\" ci-src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Jacques-Louis_David_The_Coronation_of_Napoleon-e1658846256285-396x248.jpg?q=85\" \/>\n                \n                    \n            <\/picture>\n\n        <\/a>\n     \n  \n    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__content\">\n        <a class=\"article-card-vertical__link\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/portrait-de-napoleon\/\">\n            <h3 class=\"article-card-vertical__title\" id=\"portrait-qui-etait-napoleon-bonaparte\">\n                Portrait : qui \u00e9tait Napol\u00e9on Bonaparte ?&nbsp;\ud83e\udd85\n            <\/h3>\n                            <div class=\"article-card-vertical__text\">\n                    Depuis le centenaire de son d\u00e9c\u00e8s en 2021, on a entendu beaucoup de bien de Napol\u00e9on, surtout pour (&#8230;)\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/a>   \n                    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tags article-card-vertical__tags--hide\">\n                <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tag badge\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;262918&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;5\\\/5 - (2 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Franklin Delano Roosevelt, le pr\u00e9sident noueur de deals \ud83e\udd1d&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;142.5&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 142.5px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            5\/5 - (2 votes)    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Franklin Delano Roosevelt, il te dit quelque chose ? C\u2019est le pr\u00e9sident des \u00c9tats-Unis des ann\u00e9es 30, qui (&#8230;)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":326,"featured_media":262978,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"footnotes":""},"category":[86,821,801,87],"tag":[383,375,781],"class_list":["post-262918","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-reussir-ton-annee","category-histoire","category-portraits","category-inspiration-motivation","tag-etats-unis","tag-politique","tag-portraits"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/262918","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/326"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=262918"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/262918\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/262978"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=262918"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category?post=262918"},{"taxonomy":"tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag?post=262918"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}