{"id":261224,"date":"2023-07-19T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-07-19T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/?p=261224"},"modified":"2026-04-28T11:26:36","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T09:26:36","slug":"jules-cesar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/jules-cesar\/","title":{"rendered":"Jules C\u00e9sar : portrait du g\u00e9n\u00e9ral romain aux grandes ambitions \ud83c\udf96\ufe0f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u00ab Nous sommes en 50 avant J\u00e9sus-Christ. Toute la Gaule est occup\u00e9e par les Romains&#8230; Toute ? Non ! Car un village peupl\u00e9 d&rsquo;irr\u00e9ductibles Gaulois r\u00e9siste \u00e0 l&rsquo;envahisseur. \u00bb. Hep hep hep, on t&rsquo;arr\u00eate tout de suite ! Si Ast\u00e9rix et Ob\u00e9lix sont ta seule r\u00e9f\u00e9rence quand on te parle de <strong>Jules C\u00e9sar<\/strong>, tu es au bon endroit.  \ud83d\ude09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tu connais probablement son nom, mais tu ne connais peut-\u00eatre pas toute son histoire. C\u2019est parti pour d\u00e9couvrir <strong>la biographie du politicien, conqu\u00e9rant et dictateur romain qui se cache derri\u00e8re le nom de Jules C\u00e9sar !<\/strong> \ud83e\udee1<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"498\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/AveMoiHappyBirthdayGIF.gif\" alt=\"Jules C\u00e9sar qui se salue lui-m\u00eame\" class=\"wp-image-261236\" style=\"width:617px;height:260px\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"qui-est-jules-cesar\"><br>Qui est Jules C\u00e9sar ? \ud83e\udd14<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Caius Julius Caesar<\/em>, c\u2019est un peu une figure l\u00e9gendaire. Souvent <strong>qualifi\u00e9 \u00e0 tort d\u2019Empereur puisqu\u2019il n\u2019a jamais obtenu ce titre<\/strong>, il a connu une <strong>ascension politique fulgurante<\/strong>. Il est surtout c\u00e9l\u00e8bre pour<strong> ses conqu\u00eates militaires<\/strong> qui lui ont permis de dominer la Gaule, sa marche sur Rome et ses r\u00e9formes. Il occupe de <strong>nombreux postes prestigieux comme Pontife et Consul, <\/strong>et est <strong>assassin\u00e9 par un groupe de s\u00e9nateurs<\/strong> en 44 av. J.-C. \ud83d\udde1\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bon, Jules C\u00e9sar ne d\u00e9barque pas de nulle part : n\u00e9 en -100, il est <strong>issu d\u2019une famille d\u00e9j\u00e0 influente, les Julii <\/strong>(parfois orthographi\u00e9 Iulii). Il s\u2019agit d\u2019une<strong> famille patricienne<\/strong>. Les patriciens sont <strong>des aristocrates,<\/strong> le groupe social le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 de <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/fondation-de-rome\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"190045\">Rome<\/a>. \ud83e\udec5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Et ils ont un peu la grosse t\u00eate : ils affirment que leur nom de famille leur vient de Iule, fils d\u2019\u00c9n\u00e9e, le h\u00e9ros des l\u00e9gendes, qui lui-m\u00eame avait pour m\u00e8re <strong>la d\u00e9esse V\u00e9nus<\/strong>. Rien que \u00e7a ! \ud83d\udc83<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"relance\">\n        <div >\n                            <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/histoire\">\n                    <div class=\"relance__container\"\n                        >\n                        \n                                                        <picture>\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/cours-particulier.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 999px)\">\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/cours-particulier.jpg\" media=\"(max-width: 999px)\">\n                                <img decoding=\"async\"\n                                    src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/cours-particulier.jpg\"\n                                    alt=\"Cours particulier\"\n                                >\n                            <\/picture>\n                                                <div class=\"relance__content\">\n                            \n                                <div class=\"relance__title\"> <p>Tu gal\u00e8res en Histoire ? Trouve ton prof particulier chez les Sherpas !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <button type=\"button\"\n                                    class=\"relance__button btn btn-white\">\n                                Choisis ton prof ! \n                            <\/button>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n    \n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"contexte-historique\">Contexte historique \ud83d\udd70\ufe0f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Avant de te parler plus en d\u00e9tail de Jules C\u00e9sar, voici un peu de contexte pour comprendre les conditions dans lesquelles il va r\u00e9ussir \u00e0 gagner en influence. \ud83d\udd0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"des-tensions-croissantes\">Des tensions croissantes \ud83d\ude2c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Au 1er si\u00e8cle avant J.-C.,<\/strong> les conqu\u00eates ont permis<strong> aux Romains de dominer le pourtour du bassin m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en <\/strong>de l\u2019Espagne \u00e0 la Syrie. Les g\u00e9n\u00e9raux romains Marius et Sylla vont tour \u00e0 tour s\u2019emparer de la Gr\u00e8ce et de l\u2019Asie Mineure. Cela va permettre<strong> aux s\u00e9nateurs romains et aux familles aristocratiques de s\u2019enrichir fortement,<\/strong> en s\u2019accaparant terres et <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/abolition-de-lesclavage-en-france\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"248024\">esclaves<\/a>. Au vu des in\u00e9galit\u00e9s, <strong>les tensions sont croissantes <\/strong>: les provinces exploit\u00e9es r\u00e9clament plus de droits, et les esclaves se r\u00e9voltent en 73 avant J.-C. \u270a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Au niveau politique, <strong>les <em>populares<\/em>, issus d\u2019un parti plut\u00f4t r\u00e9formiste, s\u2019opposent aux <em>optimates<\/em>, les conservateurs<\/strong> ayant \u00e0 leur t\u00eate Sylla. \u2694\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"354\" height=\"318\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Politics-PoliticsGIF.gif\" alt=\"magistrat romain en plein d\u00e9bat politique\" class=\"wp-image-261238\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Toujours des conflits en politique&#8230;<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"le-pouvoir-autoritaire-de-sylla\">Le pouvoir autoritaire de Sylla \ud83e\udef5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est <strong>Sylla <\/strong>qui va r\u00e9ussir \u00e0 ma\u00eetriser<strong> la \u00ab guerre sociale \u00bb, cette r\u00e9volte italienne qui dure de -91 \u00e0 -89.<\/strong> Il va \u00e0 la fois la r\u00e9primer par la force militaire et par une r\u00e9forme, en octroyant aux habitants des provinces italiennes la citoyennet\u00e9 romaine. En 82 avant J.-C., Sylla va profiter de cette puissance acquise pour <strong>acc\u00e9der au statut de dictateur.<\/strong> \u26a1<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>Le savais-tu ? \ud83d\udc40<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">Le terme de \u00ab <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/dictatures-dans-le-monde-actuel\/\">dictateur<\/a> \u00bb,<\/strong> \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque, n\u2019a pas la m\u00eame signification qu\u2019aujourd\u2019hui. \u00c0 l\u2019origine, il s\u2019agit d\u2019<strong>un individu \u00e0 qui on confie les pleins pouvoirs pendant une dur\u00e9e d\u00e9termin\u00e9e, <\/strong>normalement 6 mois.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p><strong>Tu aimes cet article ? D\u00e9couvre aussi<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/marc-aurele\/\">Marc Aur\u00e8le : l\u2019empereur philosophe <\/a>et <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/empereur-trajan\/\">\u00a0Trajan ou \u00ab le meilleur des empereurs \u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"jules-cesar-lhomme-politique\">Jules C\u00e9sar l\u2019homme politique <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Les premiers pas de Jules C\u00e9sar se font avant tout en politique : membre du parti <em>populares<\/em>, il a des connexions parmi les familles influentes.&nbsp; Mais comme tu vas pouvoir le constater il n\u2019a pas que des amis\u2026 \ud83d\ude13<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"lexil\">L\u2019exil \ud83c\udfc3\u200d\u2642\ufe0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans ce contexte, tu te demandes peut-\u00eatre ce qu\u2019il en est de Jules C\u00e9sar ? Eh bien ce cher <strong>Jules est \u00e0 ce moment-l\u00e0 en exil<\/strong>. Eh oui ! C\u00e9sar n\u2019est pas seulement un soutien du parti <em>populares<\/em> oppos\u00e9 \u00e0 Sylla, <strong>il est \u00e9galement le neveu de Marius, son principal rival<\/strong>. \ud83e\udd1d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jules C\u00e9sar est alors contraint de s\u2019exiler. Il participe donc \u00e0 des op\u00e9rations militaires en Gr\u00e8ce et dans l\u2019actuelle Turquie, et, <strong>d\u00e8s le d\u00e9c\u00e8s de Sylla en -78, il revient \u00e0 Rome.<\/strong> \u00c0 son retour, Jules C\u00e9sar<strong> utilise sa grande <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/concours-deloquence\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"247577\">\u00e9loquence <\/a>et ses connexions politiques pour faire tomber les partisans de Sylla.&nbsp;<\/strong>\ud83c\udf99\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"498\" height=\"227\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ObamaMicDropGIF.gif\" alt=\"Obama qui l\u00e2che son micro devant les talents d'orateur de Jules C\u00e9sar\" class=\"wp-image-261228\" style=\"width:550px;height:251px\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Et \u00e7a, c&rsquo;est du talent<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"le-cursus-honorum\">Le <em>cursus honorum<\/em> \ud83d\udcc8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 partir de l\u00e0, il ne va pas ch\u00f4mer ! Son but ? <strong>Gravir les \u00e9chelons du \u00ab <em>cursus honorum<\/em> \u00bb<\/strong>, la carri\u00e8re des honneurs. Il s\u2019agit de l\u2019ordre selon lequel <strong>les divers postes d\u2019une carri\u00e8re politique <\/strong>doivent \u00eatre occup\u00e9s. Il va successivement \u00eatre : <\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"list-formatted\">\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83c\udf96\ufe0f\">\n            <span>\n            <p><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">Pontife <\/strong>en -73 (le magistrat charg\u00e9 d\u2019assurer la bonne pratique religieuse) ;<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83c\udf96\ufe0f\">\n            <span>\n            <p><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">Questeur <\/strong>en -68 (le magistrat charg\u00e9 des questions financi\u00e8res) ;<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83c\udf96\ufe0f\">\n            <span>\n            <p><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">S\u00e9nateur <\/strong>en -67 (si\u00e9geant au S\u00e9nat et votant les lois) ;<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83c\udf96\ufe0f\">\n            <span>\n            <p><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">\u00c9dile <\/strong>en -65 JC (le magistrat charg\u00e9 de l\u2019administration de la ville) ;<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83c\udf96\ufe0f\">\n            <span>\n            <p><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">Grand Pontife<\/strong> en -63 (le chef de la religion romaine)<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n                <li data-symbol=\"\ud83c\udf96\ufe0f\">\n            <span>\n            <p><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">Pr\u00e9teur <\/strong>en -62 (le magistrat charg\u00e9 de rendre la justice).<\/p>\n\n            <\/span>\n        <\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n    \n\n\n\n<p>Non content de collectionner tous ces postes prestigieux comme des Pok\u00e9mons, il va aussi <strong>augmenter sa popularit\u00e9 en organisant des jeux, et en d\u00e9pensant g\u00e9n\u00e9reusement<\/strong> pour obtenir le soutien des \u00e9lecteurs. \ud83d\ude4c<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"498\" height=\"278\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/GottaCatchEmAllGIF.gif\" alt=\"jules c\u00e9sar qui collectionne les postes de pouvoir comme des pok\u00e9mons\" class=\"wp-image-261229\" style=\"width:520px;height:290px\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"le-premier-triumvirat\">Le premier Triumvirat \ud83e\udd1d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bon, vu qu\u2019il lui manque une carte \u00e0 sa collection,<strong> il passe un accord secret avec ses deux rivaux politiques Pomp\u00e9e et Crassus,<\/strong> ce qui va permettre \u00e0 <strong>Jules C\u00e9sar d\u2019\u00eatre \u00e9lu Consul en -59.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 ce moment-l\u00e0, <strong>Pomp\u00e9e est l\u2019homme le plus puissant de la <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/les-differents-types-de-regimes-politiques\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"229811\">R\u00e9publique<\/a> <\/strong>avec les pouvoirs qu\u2019il obtient du S\u00e9nat \u00e0 la suite de ses victoires contre les pirates et en Syrie. <strong>Crassus, quant \u00e0 lui, dispose d\u2019une immense fortune. <\/strong>\u00c0 eux trois, ils forment<strong> le premier Triumvirat en 60 avant J.-C.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>Qu&rsquo;est-ce qu&rsquo;un triumvirat ?\ud83e\uddd0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Un triumvirat est <strong>une alliance de trois magistrats de poids politique \u00e9quivalent<\/strong>. <em>Tria <\/em>signifie en effet trois en latin, et <em>vir<\/em>, homme.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9mdW5uZWwtc3R1ZGVudC1xdWFsaWZpY2F0aW9u\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;rsquo; global #3 = CPG3\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Martin2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Martin<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">23\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jade2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jade<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    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            <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Bastien2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Bastien<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Polytechnique<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Emilie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Emilie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                       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                              <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Hugo2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Hugo<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Insa Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n           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                 <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Alma2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Alma<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris-Saclay<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n               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xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/David2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">David<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">EDHEC<\/p>                                                     <div 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  class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jeanne2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jeanne<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            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aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><!-- notionvc: 27874cb7-7cca-4c68-a2e3-ea8000cbb55b --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p><span style=\"color: #48b378;\">4 points<\/span> de plus sur ta <span style=\"color: #48b378;\">moyenne<\/span> avec nos profs Sherpas ! <span role=\"image\" aria-label=\"\ud83d\udcc8\">\ud83d\udcc8<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS OFFERT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"jules-cesar-le-conquerant\">Jules C\u00e9sar le conqu\u00e9rant \ud83d\udea9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce qui a fait conna\u00eetre Jules C\u00e9sar, au-del\u00e0 de son consulat, c\u2019est son talent en tant que g\u00e9n\u00e9ral militaire !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"la-guerre-des-gaules\">La Guerre des Gaules \u2694\ufe0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Apr\u00e8s d\u00e9j\u00e0 plusieurs op\u00e9rations militaires en Espagne, Jules C\u00e9sar d\u00e9cide qu\u2019il est tant de voir plus grand. <strong>Son ambition se porte sur la Gaule, <\/strong>&nbsp;ce territoire qui occupe<strong> une bonne partie de la France actuelle et de la Belgique. On parle aussi des Gaules, au pluriel,<\/strong> du fait de la diversit\u00e9 de peuples qui y habitent. C\u2019est maintenant en tant que g\u00e9n\u00e9ral conqu\u00e9rant qu\u2019il veut briller ! \u2728<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Il conclut alors<strong> des alliances avec certains peuples gaulois<\/strong>, pour qu\u2019ils l\u2019aident \u00e0 conqu\u00e9rir le reste du territoire. C\u2019est par exemple <strong>le cas des Arvernes,<\/strong> un peuple qui a pour chef\u2026 le c\u00e9l\u00e8bre <strong>Vercing\u00e9torix <\/strong>! \ud83d\ude2e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Et \u00e7a fonctionne ! <strong>En 4 ans, les l\u00e9gions de Jules C\u00e9sar conqui\u00e8rent une bonne partie de la Gaule <\/strong>en battant les Germains et les Belges notamment. Mais <strong>en -54, les Arvernes et d\u2019autres peuples du centre de la Gaule d\u00e9cident de se soulever. <\/strong>Vercing\u00e9torix change de camp, et f\u00e9d\u00e8re alors plusieurs tribus qui opposent une r\u00e9sistance farouche aux forces romaines.<strong> Jules C\u00e9sar subit une d\u00e9faite militaire \u00e0 Gergovie en 52 avant J.-C.<\/strong> Cependant, la puissance de <strong>Rome l\u2019emporte finalement lors de la bataille d\u2019Al\u00e9sia <\/strong>dans l\u2019actuelle Bourgogne : les soldats encerclent les Gaulois, qui finissent par c\u00e9der <strong>en -51. Vercing\u00e9torix rend les armes.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"160\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/AsterixGIF.gif\" alt=\"Ast\u00e9rix choqu\u00e9 devant la d\u00e9faite d'Al\u00e9sia\" class=\"wp-image-261240\" style=\"width:456px;height:243px\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Alors, les gaulois ont perdu ?<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>Vercing\u00e9torix \ud83d\udc40<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><strong>Vercing\u00e9torix est le fils du chef d\u2019un des plus puissants clan Arverne<\/strong> de son \u00e9poque. Comme beaucoup d&rsquo;aristocrates gaulois, Vercing\u00e9torix est <strong>form\u00e9 aux techniques de guerres romaines<\/strong> aupr\u00e8s des troupes de C\u00e9sar, en \u00e9change de son aide pour conqu\u00e9rir la Gaule. \ud83e\udee1<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Mais, alors que les r\u00e9sistances \u00e0 l\u2019occupation romaine et \u00e0 l\u2019imp\u00f4t se multiplient, Vercing\u00e9torix r\u00e9ussit \u00e0 <strong>f\u00e9d\u00e9rer plusieurs clans Arvernes sous son commandement<\/strong>. Apr\u00e8s sa d\u00e9faite \u00e0 Al\u00e9sia, il est <strong>fait prisonnier et exhib\u00e9 dans les d\u00e9fil\u00e9s militaires de Jules C\u00e9sar.\u00a0<\/strong>Il meurt en -46, probablement suite \u00e0 un assassinat. \ud83d\ude32<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Particuli\u00e8rement sous la IIIe R\u00e9publique, <strong>la figure de Vercing\u00e9torix est utilis\u00e9e dans la <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/propagande-histoire\/\">propagande<\/a> fran\u00e7aise<\/strong> pour exacerber le patriotisme. \u270a<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ce que l\u2019on sait du d\u00e9roul\u00e9 de la guerre vient essentiellement de l\u2019ouvrage de Jules C\u00e9sar lui-m\u00eame, <\/strong><em>La Guerre des Gaules. <\/em>Selon les historiens, il a tr\u00e8s probablement exag\u00e9r\u00e9 la puissance de l\u2019arm\u00e9e de Vercing\u00e9torix, ne serait-ce qu\u2019en le faisant appara\u00eetre comme le dirigeant de la Gaule enti\u00e8re, alors m\u00eame que les peuples \u00e9taient divis\u00e9s. \u2716\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u2019ailleurs, <strong>la victoire \u00e0 Al\u00e9sia ne marque pas la fin de la conqu\u00eate, <\/strong>puisque<strong> quelques r\u00e9sistances diss\u00e9min\u00e9es perdurent encore<\/strong> dans les ann\u00e9es qui suivent.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p><strong>Tu en apprends plus sur Rome ?<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/constantinople\/\">D\u00e9couvre la v\u00e9ritable histoire de Constantinople<\/a> !<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"la-traversee-du-rubicon\">La travers\u00e9e du Rubicon \ud83c\udf0a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Mais alors, Jules C\u00e9sar n\u2019a plus qu\u2019\u00e0 rentrer aur\u00e9ol\u00e9 de gloire ? Eh bien, non : <strong>c\u2019est sans compter les ambitions de Pomp\u00e9e<\/strong>. <strong>Depuis que Crassus est mort \u00e0 Parthes en -53 <\/strong>lors d\u2019une exp\u00e9dition arm\u00e9e, <strong>le 3e membre du Triumvirat a encore renforc\u00e9 son influence<\/strong>. Jules C\u00e9sar et Pomp\u00e9e <strong>se livrent alors \u00e0 une guerre d\u2019influence,<\/strong> en ralliant chacun des alli\u00e9s politiques. Pomp\u00e9e convainc le S\u00e9nat romain, qui lui est favorable, de retirer \u00e0 Jules C\u00e9sar l\u2019autorisation de garder son poste de Consul tout en restant en province.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mais Jules <strong>C\u00e9sar, soutenu par le peuple<\/strong>, d\u00e9cide malgr\u00e9 tout de continuer \u00e0 exercer ses fonctions. Cependant, selon la loi, <strong>pour se repr\u00e9senter aux <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/elections-france\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"209412\">\u00e9lections<\/a> consulaires, il doit revenir \u00e0 Rome et laisser son arm\u00e9e en arri\u00e8re<\/strong> pour \u00e9viter un coup de force. Ses l\u00e9gions de soldats sont \u00e0 ce moment mass\u00e9es en r\u00e9gion Cisalpine.\ud83e\ude96<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ses lieutenants lui \u00e9tant compl\u00e8tement d\u00e9vou\u00e9s, Jules C\u00e9sar a un avantage certain contre Pomp\u00e9e. <strong>Il prend alors son arm\u00e9e, et traverse le Rubicon,<\/strong> ce fameux <strong>fleuve qui marque la porte d\u2019entr\u00e9e vers l\u2019Italie.<\/strong> \u27a1\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>Le savais-tu ? \ud83e\uddd0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/expression-courante-fausse\/\">L\u2019expression<\/a> \u00ab <strong>franchir le Rubicon <\/strong>\u00bb est aujourd\u2019hui utilis\u00e9e pour d\u00e9signer le fait de <strong>prendre une d\u00e9cision irr\u00e9versible<\/strong>, dont il faudra assumer les cons\u00e9quences par la suite. \ud83d\ude23<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"la-guerre-civile\">La Guerre civile <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ainsi, en -49, voil\u00e0 Jules C\u00e9sar avec ses troupes en train d\u2019avancer vers la cit\u00e9 : il s\u2019oppose alors aux forces de Pomp\u00e9e, et <strong>enclenche une guerre civile<\/strong>. Aux termes de ces premiers combats, <strong>Pomp\u00e9e et certains de ses alli\u00e9s, les Pomp\u00e9iens, sont contraints de fuir.<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"498\" height=\"356\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/RunningAwayNopeGIF.gif\" alt=\"soldat romain qui fuit l'arm\u00e9e de Jules C\u00e9sar\" class=\"wp-image-261250\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Les soldats de Pomp\u00e9e quand ils voient C\u00e9sar arriver<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>La guerre civile se poursuit alors que Jules <strong>C\u00e9sar traque les Pomp\u00e9iens<\/strong>, et les soumet \u00e0 Marseille et en Espagne \u00e0 L\u00e9rida. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Apr\u00e8s plusieurs d\u00e9faites de Jules C\u00e9sar en Afrique, l<strong>a bataille de Pharsale en -48, dans le nord de la Gr\u00e8ce, est particuli\u00e8rement d\u00e9cisive<\/strong>. Malgr\u00e9 une inf\u00e9riorit\u00e9 num\u00e9rique importante, notamment \u00e0 cause d\u2019un manque de cavaliers, Jules C\u00e9sar parvient \u00e0 d\u00e9faire les troupes pomp\u00e9iennes dans une victoire militaire \u00e9crasante. \ud83c\udff9\ud83d\udde1\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mais <strong>Pomp\u00e9e lui file encore entre les doigts, et cette fois il se rend en \u00c9gypte<\/strong> ! Pas de bol pour lui,<strong> le pharaon Ptol\u00e9m\u00e9e XIII le fait assassiner.<\/strong> \ud83d\udc80<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"larrivee-en-egypte-et-le-siege-dalexandrie\">L\u2019arriv\u00e9e en \u00c9gypte et le si\u00e8ge d\u2019Alexandrie <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Quand Jules C\u00e9sar arrive en \u00c9gypte, c\u2019est pour trouver son adversaire mort : tu aurais pu penser que \u00e7a lui ferait plaisir, mais c\u2019est l\u2019inverse qui se passe.&nbsp;\ud83d\ude16<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans <strong>la lutte f\u00e9roce pour le tr\u00f4ne<\/strong> qui oppose Ptol\u00e9m\u00e9e XIII et sa s\u0153ur et \u00e9pouse Cl\u00e9op\u00e2tre VII, <strong>C\u00e9sar prend le parti de <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/cleopatre\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"258885\">Cl\u00e9op\u00e2tre<\/a>.<\/strong> Avec son aide, la souveraine d\u00e9fait les arm\u00e9es de Ptol\u00e9m\u00e9e lors d\u2019une bataille sur le Nil, marquant la fin du si\u00e8ge d\u2019Alexandrie.&nbsp;\ud83d\udef6<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>Cl\u00e9op\u00e2tre et Jules C\u00e9sar<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\"> Cl\u00e9op\u00e2tre et Jules C\u00e9sar ont eu ensemble un fils<\/strong>, nomm\u00e9 C\u00e9sarion. Il a gouvern\u00e9 aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de sa m\u00e8re, et <strong>a \u00e9t\u00e9 assassin\u00e9 lorsqu\u2019il avait une quinzaine d\u2019ann\u00e9es<\/strong> sur ordre de celui qui deviendra le premier empereur de Rome : Octave.<\/p>\n<p>Cl\u00e9op\u00e2tre n\u2019a jamais \u00e9pous\u00e9 Jules C\u00e9sar, car une loi lui interdisait de prendre une \u00e9pouse non romaine.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"188\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/AoRejectedGIF.gif\" alt=\"cl\u00e9op\u00e2tre qui repousse jules c\u00e9sar\" class=\"wp-image-261241\" style=\"width:551px;height:230px\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"jules-cesar-le-dictateur\">Jules C\u00e9sar le dictateur \ud83d\udc51<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Les victoires de Jules C\u00e9sar lui donnent acc\u00e8s \u00e0 des pouvoirs croissants, et pendant les quelques ann\u00e9es qui marquent son apog\u00e9e, il est m\u00eame dictateur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"les-pleins-pouvoirs\">Les pleins pouvoirs \ud83e\udd32<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jules C\u00e9sar n\u2019a pas attendu d\u2019en avoir fini avec Pomp\u00e9e pour obtenir plus de pouvoir :<strong> d\u00e8s -49, il se fait nommer dictateur, mais \u00e9galement consul en -48.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jules C\u00e9sar est <strong>de retour \u00e0 Rome en -46 pour une courte p\u00e9riode<\/strong> avant de repartir \u00e9craser les derniers soul\u00e8vements pomp\u00e9iens en Espagne, notamment men\u00e9s par Caton d\u2019Utique.<strong> En -45 et apr\u00e8s avoir mis fin \u00e0 la guerre civile, il est plus aim\u00e9 du peuple romain que jamais :<\/strong> gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ses victoires militaires, Rome est riche. Jules C\u00e9sar est cette fois <strong>nomm\u00e9 dictateur pour 10 ans, puis \u00e0 vie en -44.<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est lui qui <strong>attribue les postes<\/strong> de magistrats et de gouverneurs des provinces. <strong>Au S\u00e9nat, il s\u2019entoure de partisans,<\/strong> y compris de Gaulois, d\u2019Italiens non romains et d\u2019Espagnols. Une premi\u00e8re ! Mais il choisit aussi de<strong> r\u00e9int\u00e9grer certains de ses rivaux<\/strong>, et laisse d\u2019ailleurs revenir \u00e0 Rome les exil\u00e9s politiques. Il dispose \u00e9galement d\u2019un <strong>droit de gr\u00e2ce, <\/strong>ainsi que de plusieurs <strong>fonctions religieuses.<\/strong> \ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Il poursuit les mesures qu\u2019il avait prises avant la guerre civile. Il administre la R\u00e9publique romaine en <strong>faisant installer des soldats et des citoyens pauvres dans les provinces<\/strong>. Dans sa politique, il fait preuve d\u2019une assez grande tol\u00e9rance religieuse. <\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"relance\">\n        <div >\n                            <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/guide-memorisation\/\">\n                    <div class=\"relance__container\"\n                        >\n                        \n                                                        <picture>\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ebook-memoire.png\" media=\"(min-width: 999px)\">\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ebook-memoire.png\" media=\"(max-width: 999px)\">\n                                <img decoding=\"async\"\n                                    src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ebook-memoire.png\"\n                                    alt=\"\"\n                                >\n                            <\/picture>\n                                                <div class=\"relance__content\">\n                            \n                                <div class=\"relance__title\"> <p>Tu as du mal \u00e0 retenir tes cours ? T\u00e9l\u00e9charge notre guide ultime des techniques de m\u00e9morisation !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <button type=\"button\"\n                                    class=\"relance__button btn btn-white\">\n                                T\u00e9l\u00e9charge ton guide\n                            <\/button>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n    \n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"le-culte-de-la-personnalite\">Le culte de la personnalit\u00e9 \ud83c\udf8a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Son principal atout, c\u2019est le peuple romain. <\/strong>Il n\u2019h\u00e9site pas \u00e0 <strong>faire voter des pl\u00e9biscites <\/strong>pour montrer \u00e0 tous qu\u2019il a son soutien. \u00c0 ses<strong> soldats, il donne des terres et des primes<\/strong>. Au peuple, il <strong>fait distribuer du bl\u00e9 et de l\u2019argent <\/strong>issus des butins de guerre. \ud83d\udcb0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"498\" height=\"498\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/CoiLeraySakigifsGIF.gif\" alt=\"Jules C\u00e9sar qui jette de l'argent sur la pl\u00e8be\" class=\"wp-image-261252\" style=\"width:335px;height:335px\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Les plus pauvres sont exempt\u00e9s de loyer, et pour garder tout ce beau monde heureux, il organise des festivit\u00e9s. Ainsi, <strong>des jeux, des courses de chars et des banquets <\/strong>se tiennent pendant ses ann\u00e9es de pouvoirs, pour le plus grand bonheur de la pl\u00e8be ! \ud83e\udd73\ud83c\udf57\ud83e\udd42<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Puisqu\u2019il dit descendre de la d\u00e9esse V\u00e9nus, <strong>il entretient un culte de la personnalit\u00e9 digne d\u2019un dieu<\/strong>. Il sera d\u2019ailleurs divinis\u00e9 apr\u00e8s sa mort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2705 Il obtient le nom de <strong>Liberator,<\/strong> et trois fois <strong>le titre d\u2019Imperator <\/strong>pour ses conqu\u00eates ;\ud83c\udfc6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2705 Il porte des <strong>habits pourpres,<\/strong> une couleur difficile \u00e0 obtenir donc ch\u00e8re et par cons\u00e9quent symbole de pouvoir et de richesse ;  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2705 Il <strong>d\u00e9file dans Rome <\/strong>sur son char, avec son arm\u00e9e et ses prisonniers ; \u26d3\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2705 Un d\u00e9cret l\u2019autorise \u00e0 <strong>porter en permanence une couronne de laurier<\/strong>, un symbole de gloire port\u00e9 par les g\u00e9n\u00e9raux victorieux lors de d\u00e9fil\u00e9s ; \ud83c\udf3f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2705 Des <strong>repr\u00e9sentations de lui <\/strong>se multiplient : statues, bustes et m\u00eame son profil sur les pi\u00e8ces de monnaie ! \ud83e\ude99<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"498\" height=\"278\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/WaltDisneyGIF.gif\" alt=\"princesse disney qui d\u00e9file \u00e0 la mani\u00e8re de Jules C\u00e9sar\" class=\"wp-image-261245\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"la-fin-de-jules-cesar\">La fin de Jules C\u00e9sar <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Alors qu\u2019il est au sommet de sa puissance, ce sont ironiquement ses trop grands pouvoirs, coupl\u00e9s avec <strong>la peur que Jules C\u00e9sar ne r\u00e9tablisse la monarchie romaine,<\/strong> qui vont <strong>causer sa perte.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"complot-et-assassinat\">Complot et assassinat \ud83e\udd2b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dommage pour lui, il ne va pas avoir beaucoup de temps pour profiter de son nouveau statut de dictateur \u00e0 vie. <strong>Plusieurs s\u00e9nateurs insatisfaits,<\/strong> des Pomp\u00e9iens revenus d\u2019exil et de fervents d\u00e9fenseurs de la R\u00e9publique, <strong>d\u00e9cident d\u2019organiser ensemble l\u2019assassinat de Jules C\u00e9sar<\/strong>. Au c\u0153ur du complot ? <strong>Brutus, le fils de la ma\u00eetresse de Jules C\u00e9sar, et Cassius, un ancien lieutenant de Pomp\u00e9e.<\/strong> Ils craignent que Jules C\u00e9sar ne cherche \u00e0 devenir roi.\ud83e\udec5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ainsi, c\u2019est <strong>le jour des ides de mars,<\/strong> un jour de f\u00eate d\u00e9di\u00e9 au dieu Mars, <strong>en 44 avant J.-C.<\/strong> que les opposants de Jules C\u00e9sar passent \u00e0 l\u2019action. \ud83d\udde1\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alors que le S\u00e9nat est en pleine r\u00e9union, les assassins se jettent sur lui. <strong>Il re\u00e7oit 23 coups de poignard<\/strong>. L\u2019ultime coup est ass\u00e9n\u00e9 par Brutus, ce qui aurait fait dire \u00e0 Jules C\u00e9sar \u00ab Toi aussi mon fils ! \u00bb en grec.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"498\" height=\"278\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/StarWarsKyloRenGIF.gif\" alt=\"kylo ren qui traite brutus de tra\u00eetre\" class=\"wp-image-261246\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Cet assassinat ne permet pas pour autant de restaurer une R\u00e9publique digne de ce nom : un an plus tard, le neveu et fils adoptif de Jules C\u00e9sar, <strong>Octave, devient Consul et fait condamner les assassins. <\/strong>S\u2019ensuit alors <strong>une s\u00e9rie de guerres civiles jusqu\u2019en 31 avant J.-C.<\/strong>, qui permettent \u00e0 <strong>Octave <\/strong>d\u2019obtenir les pleins pouvoirs et de<strong> <\/strong>devenir <strong>le <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/empire-romain-monde-antique\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"257971\">premier empereur de Rome<\/a> en prenant le nom d\u2019Auguste.<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9mdW5uZWwtc3R1ZGVudC1xdWFsaWZpY2F0aW9u\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;rsquo; global #2 = CPG2\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Cle\u0301mence2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Cl\u00e9mence<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Thibault2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Thibault<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris Ulm<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">20\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Sophie2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Sophie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Bordeaux<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">12\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Noemie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">No\u00e9mie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">M2 en droit \u00e0 Assas<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fanny2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Fanny<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Ponts ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Simon2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Simon<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">4e ann\u00e9e de m\u00e9decine<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Nicolas2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Nicolas<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">CentraleSup\u00e9lec<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin d&rsquo;un prof particulier ? <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><!-- notionvc: 9b5ed38b-ea2e-4d3c-a3bb-f0091c2eedd2 --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont l\u00e0 pour t&rsquo;aider \u00e0 progresser !<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!-- notionvc: 20490bdd-6579-484b-9d99-0ff0bc1aa8e7 --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS OFFERT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"posterite\">Post\u00e9rit\u00e9 \ud83d\udcd6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Le bref r\u00e8gne de Jules Jules C\u00e9sar ne l\u2019emp\u00eache pas de marquer l\u2019histoire, particuli\u00e8rement celle de l\u2019Italie. Autant pour ses conqu\u00eates que pour son influence politique, il appara\u00eet comme<strong> un personnage majeur de la R\u00e9publique romaine. <\/strong>C\u2019est Su\u00e9tone, un haut fonctionnaire romain, qui a \u00e9crit la biographie de Jules C\u00e9sar ainsi que celle des Empereurs romains. L\u2019\u00e9crivain grec Plutarque a \u00e9galement r\u00e9dig\u00e9 une biographie du conqu\u00e9rant. \ud83d\udcda<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jules C\u00e9sar lui-m\u00eame <strong>a \u00e9crit plusieurs ouvrages<\/strong>, dont deux sont parvenus aux historiens : le <em>Commentaire sur la guerre des Gaules,<\/em> et le <em>Commentaire sur la guerre civile<\/em>, qui ont beaucoup aid\u00e9 \u00e0 retracer le d\u00e9roul\u00e9 de ces \u00e9v\u00e8nements. \u270d\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Il a aussi laiss\u00e9 comme h\u00e9ritage des constructions architecturales, dont les chantiers ont \u00e9t\u00e9 achev\u00e9s par Auguste, comme un<strong> forum romain, appel\u00e9 forum <em>Iulium<\/em>, et le th\u00e9\u00e2tre de Marcellus<\/strong>. Il a \u00e9galement port\u00e9 nombre de <strong>r\u00e9formes des institutions romaines,<\/strong> qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 conserv\u00e9es par Auguste. <\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>Le savais-tu ? \ud83d\udc40<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>\ud83d\udcac Son nom,<strong> Caesar, est devenu un titre port\u00e9<\/strong> <strong>par les empereurs<\/strong>. Il a m\u00eame eu des traductions dans d&rsquo;autres langues : <strong>en Allemagne le\u00a0 \u00ab kaiser \u00bb et en <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/russie-puissance-mondiale\/\">Russie<\/a> le\u00a0 \u00ab tsar \u00bb<\/strong> en sont deux d\u00e9riv\u00e9s, qui ont par le pass\u00e9 d\u00e9sign\u00e9 le dirigeant du pays.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\uddd3\ufe0f Aujourd\u2019hui, on garde m\u00eame une trace de lui dans notre calendrier : <strong>c\u2019est lui qui a impl\u00e9ment\u00e9 le calendrier julien, quasiment identique \u00e0 celui qu\u2019on utilise <\/strong>dans le d\u00e9compte des mois et jours de l\u2019ann\u00e9e. Et en plus, le mois de l\u2019ann\u00e9e <em>quintilius<\/em> a \u00e9t\u00e9<strong> renomm\u00e9 <\/strong><strong><em>Iulius<\/em><\/strong> en son honneur. C\u2019est <strong>notre mois de juillet<\/strong> !<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"498\" height=\"498\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/HesEverywhereChinHanGIF.gif\" alt=\"Jules C\u00e9sar est partout\" class=\"wp-image-261247\" style=\"width:249px;height:249px\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Et voil\u00e0, maintenant tu sais tout sur la vie tr\u00e9pidante de Jules C\u00e9sar, de son ascension \u00e0 sa mort ! Si tu veux de l\u2019aide pour r\u00e9viser tes cours d\u2019histoire, pense \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/\">faire appel \u00e0 l\u2019un de nos Sherpas.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N&rsquo;h\u00e9site pas \u00e0 jeter un \u0153il \u00e0 nos autres <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/reussir-ton-annee\/inspiration-motivation\/portraits\/\" data-type=\"tag\" data-id=\"302\">portraits<\/a>, pour devenir incollable sur tous ces personnages c\u00e9l\u00e8bres dont tu ne connais que le nom !<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"manual-post\">\n        <div >\n                            <div class=\"manual-post__title\">D\u00e9couvre aussi<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"row\">\n                                <div class=\"col-12  col-md-4  col-lg-4\">\n                                        <div\n\n   class=\"article-card-vertical  article-card-vertical--3   \">\n\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/hugues-capet\/\">\n            <picture>\n                <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"332\" height=\"272\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/hugues-capet-1-332x272.jpg\" class=\"article-card-vertical__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"hugues-capet\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/hugues-capet-1-332x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=332 332w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/hugues-capet-1-332x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=300 300w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/hugues-capet-1-332x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=768 768w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/hugues-capet-1-332x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=153 153w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/hugues-capet-1-332x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=288 288w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/hugues-capet-1-332x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=453 453w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/hugues-capet-1-332x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=265 265w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/hugues-capet-1-332x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=60 60w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/hugues-capet-1-332x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=1024 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 332px) 100vw, 332px\" ci-src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/hugues-capet-1-332x272.jpg?q=85\" \/>\n                \n                    \n            <\/picture>\n\n        <\/a>\n     \n  \n    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__content\">\n        <a class=\"article-card-vertical__link\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/hugues-capet\/\">\n            <h3 class=\"article-card-vertical__title\" id=\"hugues-capet-portrait-du-roi-des-francs\">\n                Hugues Capet : portrait du roi des Francs&nbsp;\ud83e\udec5\n            <\/h3>\n                            <div class=\"article-card-vertical__text\">\n                    Hugues Capet a marqu\u00e9 l\u2019histoire de la France par son r\u00e8gne. Dans cet article, on te dresse le (&#8230;)\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/a>   \n                    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tags article-card-vertical__tags--hide\">\n                <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tag badge\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"col-12  col-md-4  col-lg-4\">\n                                        <div\n\n   class=\"article-card-vertical  article-card-vertical--3   \">\n\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/louis-xiv\/\">\n            <picture>\n                <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"363\" height=\"272\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Louis-XIV-363x272.jpg\" class=\"article-card-vertical__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"Louis XIV\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Louis-XIV-363x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=363 363w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Louis-XIV-363x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=300 300w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Louis-XIV-363x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=1024 1024w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Louis-XIV-363x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=768 768w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Louis-XIV-363x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=1536 1536w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Louis-XIV-363x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=167 167w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Louis-XIV-363x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=288 288w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Louis-XIV-363x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=495 495w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Louis-XIV-363x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=265 265w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Louis-XIV-363x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=60 60w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Louis-XIV-363x272.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=1920 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 363px) 100vw, 363px\" ci-src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Louis-XIV-363x272.jpg?q=85\" \/>\n                \n                    \n            <\/picture>\n\n        <\/a>\n     \n  \n    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__content\">\n        <a class=\"article-card-vertical__link\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/louis-xiv\/\">\n            <h3 class=\"article-card-vertical__title\" id=\"louis-xiv-portrait-du-roi-soleil\">\n                Louis XIV, portrait du roi Soleil&nbsp;\u2600\ufe0f\n            <\/h3>\n                            <div class=\"article-card-vertical__text\">\n                    Chose improbable, mais cette phrase a bien \u00e9t\u00e9 prononc\u00e9e par Louis XIV. Il s\u2019agit m\u00eame de derni\u00e8res paroles (&#8230;)\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/a>   \n                    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tags article-card-vertical__tags--hide\">\n                <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tag badge\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"col-12  col-md-4  col-lg-4\">\n                                        <div\n\n   class=\"article-card-vertical  article-card-vertical--3   \">\n\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/portrait-de-napoleon\/\">\n            <picture>\n                <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"396\" height=\"248\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Jacques-Louis_David_The_Coronation_of_Napoleon-e1658846256285-396x248.jpg\" class=\"article-card-vertical__image wp-post-image\" alt=\"Portrait de Napol\u00e9on\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Jacques-Louis_David_The_Coronation_of_Napoleon-e1658846256285-396x248.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=396 396w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Jacques-Louis_David_The_Coronation_of_Napoleon-e1658846256285-396x248.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=1035 1035w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 396px) 100vw, 396px\" ci-src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Jacques-Louis_David_The_Coronation_of_Napoleon-e1658846256285-396x248.jpg?q=85\" \/>\n                \n                    \n            <\/picture>\n\n        <\/a>\n     \n  \n    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__content\">\n        <a class=\"article-card-vertical__link\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/portrait-de-napoleon\/\">\n            <h3 class=\"article-card-vertical__title\" id=\"portrait-qui-etait-napoleon-bonaparte\">\n                Portrait : qui \u00e9tait Napol\u00e9on Bonaparte ?&nbsp;\ud83e\udd85\n            <\/h3>\n                            <div class=\"article-card-vertical__text\">\n                    Depuis le centenaire de son d\u00e9c\u00e8s en 2021, on a entendu beaucoup de bien de Napol\u00e9on, surtout pour (&#8230;)\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/a>   \n                    <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tags article-card-vertical__tags--hide\">\n                <div class=\"article-card-vertical__tag badge\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;261224&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;6&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;4.3&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;4.3\\\/5 - (6 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Jules C\u00e9sar : portrait du g\u00e9n\u00e9ral romain aux grandes ambitions \ud83c\udf96\ufe0f&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;122.2&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 122.2px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            4.3\/5 - (6 votes)    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00ab Nous sommes en 50 avant J\u00e9sus-Christ. Toute la Gaule est occup\u00e9e par les Romains&#8230; Toute ? Non (&#8230;)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":326,"featured_media":261226,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"category":[803,821],"tag":[763,781],"class_list":["post-261224","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apprendre-matiere","category-histoire","tag-antiquite","tag-portraits"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/261224","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/326"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=261224"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/261224\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/261226"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=261224"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category?post=261224"},{"taxonomy":"tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag?post=261224"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}