{"id":248024,"date":"2022-08-31T15:05:09","date_gmt":"2022-08-31T13:05:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/?p=248024"},"modified":"2025-01-07T15:22:46","modified_gmt":"2025-01-07T14:22:46","slug":"abolition-de-lesclavage-en-france","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/abolition-de-lesclavage-en-france\/","title":{"rendered":"L&rsquo;histoire de l&rsquo;abolition de l&rsquo;esclavage en France \ud83d\udc47"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>L\u2019ann\u00e9e 2022 marque <strong>les dix ans du <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/memorial.nantes.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>m\u00e9morial de l\u2019abolition de l\u2019esclavage de Nantes<\/strong><\/a>, un des principaux ports de la traite atlantique du XVIe au XIXe si\u00e8cle.<strong> Depuis l\u2019abolition de l\u2019esclavage en France en 1848<\/strong>, il a fallu plus de 150 ans pour qu\u2019une vraie d\u00e9marche m\u00e9morielle soit accomplie. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ton programme d\u2019Histoire en est le parfait exemple, que tu sois en seconde ou en premi\u00e8re.<\/strong> On regarde \u00e7a ensemble \ud83d\ude09\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"la-revolution-francaise-et-le-premier-decret\">La R\u00e9volution fran\u00e7aise et le premier d\u00e9cret<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tu savais qu\u2019il n\u2019y avait pas une date de l\u2019abolition de l\u2019esclavage, mais <strong>deux <\/strong>? Et m\u00eame <strong>trois<\/strong>, si l\u2019on consid\u00e8re le tout premier \u00e9dit \u00e9mis par le roi Louis le Hutin le 3 juillet 1315 qui statue l\u2019affranchissement de tout esclave arrivant sur le sol fran\u00e7ais.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pas de panique, on ne va pas te d\u00e9baller une histoire vieille de sept cents ans \ud83d\ude06. Par contre, il y a bien <strong>deux dates qui te concernent, puisque l\u2019esclavage a \u00e9t\u00e9 aboli une premi\u00e8re fois en 1794<\/strong> avant d\u2019\u00eatre r\u00e9tabli par Napol\u00e9on Bonaparte en 1802 et aboli \u00e0 nouveau en 1848.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"les-origines\">Les origines \ud83c\udf18<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tu ne seras pas surpris si on te dit que <strong>les colons qui tirent profit de la Traite Atlantique au XVIIIe si\u00e8cle obtiennent la fin de l\u2019application de l\u2019\u00e9dit de 1315<\/strong>. Et bien entendu, ces lobbys sont de plus en plus puissants au fur et \u00e0 mesure qu\u2019ils s\u2019enrichissent\u2026 \ud83d\udc47<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/109qivmw8Q6K52\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"306\" height=\"227\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>En ao\u00fbt 1789, ils sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 bien remont\u00e9s par l\u2019abolition des privil\u00e8ges.<strong> Lorsque le 28 mars 1790 l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale accordent le droit de vote \u00e0 tous les hommes libres de 25 ans, <\/strong>ils font tout pour retirer ce droit aux \u201cmul\u00e2tres\u201d (les enfants n\u00e9s le plus souvent d\u2019un homme blanc et d\u2019une femme noire esclave). En faisant \u00e7a, ils ne font rien moins que de <strong>bafouer la <em>D\u00e9claration des Droits de l\u2019Homme et du Citoyen\u202f!<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p>Les hommes <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">naissent<\/span> et demeurent <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">libres et \u00e9gaux en droits<\/span><\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos  citation__infos--full \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\">D\u00e9claration des Droits de l\u2019Homme et du citoyen<\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\">article 1<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"linsurrection-a-saint-domingue\">L\u2019insurrection \u00e0 Saint-Domingue \ud83c\udf17<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Saint-Domingue est une \u00eele qui appartient compl\u00e8tement \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/empire-colonial-francais\/\">l\u2019Empire colonial fran\u00e7ais<\/a> depuis 1696. <strong>La France et l\u2019Espagne se la disputent<\/strong> depuis cette date, o\u00f9 l\u2019Espagne perd la partie de l\u2019\u00eele nomm\u00e9e Hispaniola.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Avec le jeu des alliances, les insurrections qui ont lieu pour l\u2019application du d\u00e9cret de mars 1790 se superposent \u00e0 une vraie guerre coloniale ! Rien ne dit que, sans le risque que l\u2019\u00eele redevienne espagnole, le combat aurait eu un \u00e9cho \u00e0 Paris.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"437\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Gravure-saint-domingue.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-248025\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Gravure-saint-domingue.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=437 437w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Gravure-saint-domingue.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=198 198w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 437px) 100vw, 437px\" \/><figcaption>Vincent Og\u00e9 avec le drapeau de la libert\u00e9<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\"><section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><strong>Les \u00e9tapes vers l\u2019abolition de l\u2019esclavage en France commencent \u00e0 Saint-Domingue :<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Le mul\u00e2tre <a href=\"https:\/\/parcoursrevolution.paris.fr\/fr\/personnages-historiques\/81-oge-vincent\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Vincent Og\u00e9<\/a> et l\u2019affranchi <a href=\"https:\/\/parcoursrevolution.paris.fr\/fr\/personnages-historiques\/18-jean-baptiste-chavannes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Jean-Baptiste Chavannes<\/a> m\u00e8nent <strong>une premi\u00e8re insurrection \u00e0 Saint-Domingue en octobre 1790.<\/strong> Ils sont arr\u00eat\u00e9s, tortur\u00e9s et ex\u00e9cut\u00e9s.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Le 22 ao\u00fbt 1791, 50 000 esclaves se soul\u00e8vent. L\u2019esclave affranchi <a href=\"https:\/\/memoire-esclavage.org\/biographies\/toussaint-louverture\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Toussaint Louverture<\/a> dirige une \u201carm\u00e9e noire\u201d<\/strong> soutenue par les Espagnols. En face, la France s\u2019allie \u00e0 l\u2019Angleterre pour les combattre.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Le 4 avril 1792, une loi reconna\u00eet l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 politique des mul\u00e2tres<\/strong> mais elle n\u2019est pas appliqu\u00e9e par les colons.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>La proclamation de la R\u00e9publique<\/strong> <strong>le 21 septembre 1792 <\/strong>change la donne ! Trois commissaires de la R\u00e9publique sont envoy\u00e9s pour obliger les colons \u00e0 appliquer la loi : ils prennent les armes avec les esclaves affranchis contre les colons et vont jusqu\u2019\u00e0 proclamer une premi\u00e8re fois <strong>l\u2019\u00e9mancipation des esclaves de Saint-Domingue le 29 ao\u00fbt 1793.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"le-decret-de-1794-a-la-convention\">Le d\u00e9cret de 1794 \u00e0 la Convention \ud83c\udf14<\/h3>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1 Le point def\u2019 !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>La premi\u00e8re Constitution du 3 septembre 1791 instaure une monarchie constitutionnelle. La <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Convention_nationale\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Convention nationale<\/a> est le nom du r\u00e9gime provisoire qui, entre 1792 et 1795, a \u00e9t\u00e9 <strong>charg\u00e9 de mettre en place la Premi\u00e8re R\u00e9publique et de lui donner une Constitution.<\/strong> <strong>Elle prend la forme d\u2019un parlement \u00e9lu au suffrage universel masculin.<\/strong> Les d\u00e9bats qui y ont lieu d\u00e9terminent donc les fondements r\u00e9publicains !<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Reste \u00e0 faire passer ce retournement de situation dans la prochaine Constitution. Le <strong>3 f\u00e9vrier 1794<\/strong>, une d\u00e9l\u00e9gation constitu\u00e9e d\u2019un d\u00e9put\u00e9 blanc de Saint-Domingue, Louis-Pierre Dufay, d\u2019un mul\u00e2tre libre et d\u2019un esclave affranchi, d\u00e9barquent \u00e0 la Convention.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udc49 Dufay et <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Georges_Jacques_Danton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Danton <\/strong><\/a><strong>prononcent deux discours <em>iconics <\/em><\/strong>qui m\u00e8nent \u00e0 la r\u00e9daction par Lacroix du premier <strong>d\u00e9cret d\u2019abolition de l\u2019esclavage <\/strong>en France, appel\u00e9 <strong>\u201cd\u00e9cret de Pluvi\u00f4se\u201d<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p>[&#8230;] <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">Europ\u00e9ens, Cr\u00e9oles, Africains<\/span>, ne connaissent plus aujourd&rsquo;hui d&rsquo;autres couleurs, d&rsquo;autre nom que ceux de <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">Fran\u00e7ais<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos  citation__infos--full \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\">Dufay<\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\">Discours du 4 f\u00e9vrier 1794<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/danton-georges-jacques-1759-1794-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-248028\" width=\"298\" height=\"393\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/danton-georges-jacques-1759-1794-1.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=514 514w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/danton-georges-jacques-1759-1794-1.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=207 207w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 298px) 100vw, 298px\" \/><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/www2.assemblee-nationale.fr\/decouvrir-l-assemblee\/histoire\/grands-discours-parlementaires\/dufay-et-danton-4-fevrier-1794#prettyPhoto\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Georges Jacques Danton (1759-1794)&nbsp;<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www2.assemblee-nationale.fr\/decouvrir-l-assemblee\/histoire\/grands-discours-parlementaires\/dufay-et-danton-4-fevrier-1794#prettyPhoto\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">&#8211; \u00a9 Assembl\u00e9e<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Dufay.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-248026\" width=\"339\" height=\"320\" \/><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/parcoursrevolution.paris.fr\/fr\/personnages-historiques\/29-dufay-louis-pierre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Louis-Pierre Dufay (1752-vers 1804)<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p>Jusqu&rsquo;ici nous <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">n&rsquo;avons d\u00e9cr\u00e9t\u00e9 la libert\u00e9 qu&rsquo;en \u00e9go\u00efstes<\/span> et pour nous seuls. Mais aujourd&rsquo;hui [&#8230;] <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">nous proclamons<\/span> <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">la libert\u00e9 universelle.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos  citation__infos--full \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\">Danton<\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\">Discours du 4 f\u00e9vrier 1794<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Le d\u00e9cret du 4 f\u00e9vrier 1794 est r\u00e9dig\u00e9 dans la foul\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9mdW5uZWwtc3R1ZGVudC1xdWFsaWZpY2F0aW9u\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"CPN1 Lyc\u00e9e\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Sophie2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Sophie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Bordeaux<\/p>                                                   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class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Cle\u0301mence2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Cl\u00e9mence<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Pierre2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Pierre<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESSEC<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                 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  class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Nicolas2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Nicolas<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">CentraleSup\u00e9lec<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fanny2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Fanny<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Ponts ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                 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  class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fabien2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Fabien<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">T\u00e9l\u00e9com Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">20\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Antoine2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Antoine<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">18\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Lyc\u00e9en en gal\u00e8re ? Ton premier cours est offert ! <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\ud83c\udf81\">\ud83c\udf81<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont l\u00e0 pour t\u2019aider \u00e0 progresser !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        J&rsquo;EN PROFITE MAINTENANT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"la-revolution-de-1848-et-le-deuxieme-decret\">La r\u00e9volution de 1848 et le deuxi\u00e8me d\u00e9cret<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>On y arrive enfin : <strong>la vraie date de l\u2019abolition de l\u2019esclavage en France, le 27 avril 1848, soit 54 ans apr\u00e8s le premier d\u00e9cret.<\/strong> \ud83e\udd14 On t\u2019explique ce qui se trame \u00e0 l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e pendant ce temps\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/tsoSbJgUfXSHmdwsQ6\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"390\" height=\"218\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"le-retablissement-de-lesclavage\">Le r\u00e9tablissement de l\u2019esclavage \ud83d\ude31<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Apr\u00e8s son coup d\u2019\u00c9tat en 1799, <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/portrait-de-napoleon\/\"><strong>Napol\u00e9on Bonaparte<\/strong><\/a><strong> \u00e9tablit un Consulat. <\/strong>Avec ses d\u00e9lires m\u00e9galos de futur empereur,<strong> il voit d\u2019un mauvais \u0153il la fragilisation de la toute puissance de la France sur ses colonies<\/strong>. Il se sert de deux gros pr\u00e9textes pour r\u00e9tablir l\u2019esclavage :<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%e2%83%a31-on-continue-lachat-desclaves\">#\ufe0f\u20e31 : On continue l\u2019achat d\u2019esclaves<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e9j\u00e0,<strong> impossible d\u2019appliquer le d\u00e9cret en Martinique<\/strong>, occup\u00e9e par les Anglais. <strong>Pareil pour Saint-Domingue jusqu\u2019\u00e0 1798,<\/strong> date \u00e0 laquelle Toussaint Louverture vire les Anglais. <strong>Sur l\u2019\u00eele de la R\u00e9union et en \u00cele de France (Maurice)<\/strong>, c\u2019est pire : les colons eux-m\u00eames s\u2019y sont oppos\u00e9s.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Autre obstacle de taille : <strong>la Traite Transatlantique continue dans le reste de l\u2019Europe.<\/strong> Autant dire que<strong> les n\u00e9griers fran\u00e7ais<\/strong> (charg\u00e9s de transporter les esclaves de l\u2019Afrique aux Am\u00e9riques) <strong>ne comptent pas abandonner la moula de si t\u00f4t.\u00a0<\/strong>Reste la Guadeloupe pour sauver la donne ! \ud83c\udf89<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%e2%83%a32-saint-domingue-lui-file-entre-les-doigts\">#\ufe0f\u20e32 : Saint-Domingue lui file entre les doigts<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>On t\u2019a dit que l\u2019ancien affranchi<strong> Toussaint Louverture vire les Anglais en 1798<\/strong> ? Oui. Eh bien \u00e0 la suite de \u00e7a il est nomm\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Saint-Domingue, chasse les Espagnols et <strong>se proclame gouverneur en 1801.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Napol\u00e9on y envoie ses troupes et<strong> r\u00e9tablit la souverainet\u00e9 sur Saint-Domingue en mai 1802.<\/strong> Le d\u00e9cret pour <strong>r\u00e9tablir l\u2019esclavage dans toutes les colonies fran\u00e7aises<\/strong> est sign\u00e9<strong> le 20 mai 1802.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>\ud83c\udfa7 \u00c9coute ce podcast <a href=\"https:\/\/www.radiofrance.fr\/franceculture\/podcasts\/signes-des-temps\/toussaint-louverture-figure-de-l-emancipation-3522891\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">France Culture pour en savoir plus sur Toussaint Louverture !<\/a><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"de-linterdiction-de-la-traite\">De l\u2019interdiction de la Traite\u2026 <\/h3>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1 Vite : le contexte !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>En 1815 \u00e0 la fin des derni\u00e8res <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/les-guerres-napoleoniennes\/\">guerres napol\u00e9oniennes<\/a> a lieu le Congr\u00e8s de Vienne. Il doit partager entre huit puissances les conqu\u00eates de Bonaparte. <strong>Sur initiative de l\u2019Angleterre, tous les pays signent une d\u00e9claration les obligeant \u00e0 interdire la traite.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Le 15 f\u00e9vrier 1818, La Restauration vote la premi\u00e8re loi d\u2019abolition de la Traite n\u00e9gri\u00e8re,<\/strong> sanctionn\u00e9e par la confiscation du navire et l\u2019interdiction d\u2019exercer pour le capitaine. Mais les n\u00e9griers parviennent encore \u00e0 contourner la loi et la Traite ill\u00e9gale perdure !&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Certains mecs s\u2019indignent \u00e0 la Chambre des d\u00e9put\u00e9s, comme <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Benjamin_Constant\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Benjamin Constant<\/a> :&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/390px-Henri-Benjamin_Constant_de_Rebecque.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-248029\" width=\"329\" height=\"408\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/390px-Henri-Benjamin_Constant_de_Rebecque.png?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=390 390w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/390px-Henri-Benjamin_Constant_de_Rebecque.png?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=220 220w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 329px) 100vw, 329px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p><span style=\"color: #ff0000\">La traite se fait : elle se fait impun\u00e9ment.<\/span> On sait la date des d\u00e9parts, des achats, des arriv\u00e9es. [&#8230;] <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">On d\u00e9guise l&rsquo;achat des esclaves en supposant l&rsquo;achat des mulets sur la c\u00f4te d&rsquo;Afrique o\u00f9 jamais on n&rsquo;acheta de mulets.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos  citation__infos--full \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\">Benjamin Constant<\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\">Le 27 juin 1821<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udc49 Entre 1827 et 1832,<\/strong> une s\u00e9rie de lois m\u00e8nent \u00e0 <strong>l\u2019extinction de la Traite n\u00e9gri\u00e8re. <\/strong>Autant te dire que \u00e7a donne des sueurs froides aux Compagnies de commerce qui entament en Alg\u00e9rie une nouvelle p\u00e9riode de colonisation !<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>\u2705 Une fiche de r\u00e9vision sur <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/fin-de-la-colonisation\/\">l\u2019empire colonial fran\u00e7ais (1830-1962)<\/a><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"a-labolition-definitive-de-lesclavage\">\u2026 \u00e0 l\u2019abolition d\u00e9finitive de l\u2019esclavage <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>On progresse un peu plus sous la Monarchie de Juillet. <strong>La charte coloniale le 24 avril 1833<\/strong> <strong>\u00e9largit tous les droits politiques aux \u201clibres de couleur\u201d.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mais ce qui bloque les n\u00e9gos\u2019 sur l\u2019abolition de l\u2019esclavage en France, c\u2019est bien s\u00fbr les questions d\u2019argent ! <strong>Le 28 juillet 1838, le d\u00e9put\u00e9 <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexis_de_Tocqueville\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Alexis de Tocqueville<\/strong><\/a><strong> <\/strong>propose devant l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e <strong>le rachat des esclaves par l\u2019\u00c9tat et l\u2019indemnisation des planteurs.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>La Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise pour l\u2019abolition de l\u2019esclavage, <\/strong>pr\u00e9sid\u00e9e par le pr\u00e9sident du Conseil en personne,<a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Victor_de_Broglie_(1785-1870)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> le duc de Broglie<\/a><strong>, <\/strong>rend plusieurs rapports sur la question. C\u2019est un vrai lobby qui a m\u00eame <strong>son propre titre de presse : <em>L\u2019Abolitionniste fran\u00e7ais<\/em>. <\/strong>Et qui \u00e9crit des articles dedans \u00e0 ton avis ?<strong> <\/strong>\ud83d\udc47<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>Le journaliste abolitionniste <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.senat.fr\/evenement\/victor_schoelcher\/bio.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\"><strong>Victor Schoelcher<\/strong><\/a> bien s\u00fbr ! Apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9volution de f\u00e9vrier 1848, il est nomm\u00e9 sous-<strong>secr\u00e9taire d\u2019\u00c9tat au sein du minist\u00e8re de la Marine<\/strong>.<strong> <\/strong>Il publie le d\u00e9cret d\u2019abolition de l\u2019esclavage le<strong> 27 avril 1848 <\/strong>!\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/330px-Victor_Schoelcher_-_Galerie_contemporaine_-_Etienne_Carjat.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-248030\" width=\"261\" height=\"330\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/330px-Victor_Schoelcher_-_Galerie_contemporaine_-_Etienne_Carjat.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=330 330w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/330px-Victor_Schoelcher_-_Galerie_contemporaine_-_Etienne_Carjat.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=215 215w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 261px) 100vw, 261px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1 Le savais-tu ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Tu te demandes <strong>quel est le rapport entre le minist\u00e8re de la Marine et les colonies ?<\/strong> Figure-toi que jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la Troisi\u00e8me R\u00e9publique, c\u2019est lui qui g\u00e8re le \u201cbureau des colonies\u201d ! Schoelcher est alors sous-secr\u00e9taire d\u2019Etat \u201ccharg\u00e9 sp\u00e9cialement de<strong>s colonies et des mesures relatives \u00e0 l&rsquo;abolition de l&rsquo;esclavage<\/strong>\u201d.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"un-combat-international\">Un combat international\u00a0\ud83c\udf0f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tu ne trouves pas bizarre que l\u2019abolition de l\u2019esclavage en France ait \u00e9t\u00e9 port\u00e9e par les plus grandes t\u00eates de la monarchie de Juillet comme le duc de Broglie ? Pour comprendre pourquoi \u00e7a passe mieux au XIXe si\u00e8cle qu\u2019au XVIIIe, il faut se tourner du c\u00f4t\u00e9 du contexte international. <strong>Les autres pays d\u2019Europe ont un train d\u2019avance sur la France pour ce qui est de l\u2019interdiction de la Traite et de l\u2019abolition de l\u2019esclavage !<\/strong> Un contexte porteur, \u00e7a aide \ud83d\ude09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"langleterre-un-modele\">L\u2019Angleterre, un mod\u00e8le ! \ud83c\udfc5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Non tu ne r\u00eaves pas, c\u2019est bien la premi\u00e8re fois que <strong>l\u2019Angleterre cesse d\u2019\u00eatre l&rsquo;ennemi jur\u00e9 de la France (on exag\u00e8re \u00e0 peine).<\/strong> <strong>\u00c0 l\u2019\u00e9poque, la monarchie parlementaire anglaise, c\u2019est m\u00eame super <em>fancy<\/em>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/KfZx8OL0R6M0qovH2o\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"304\" height=\"304\" \/><figcaption>Les Anglais au XIXe<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sur la question de l\u2019esclavage, elle p\u00e8se dans le game en repr\u00e9sentant 40% de la traite n\u00e9gri\u00e8re, majoritairement vers l\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Nord.<\/strong> Suivent le Portugal (30%) et la France loin derri\u00e8re, avec ses 13%.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le mec-\u00e0-conna\u00eetre-absolument, c\u2019est <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_Wilberforce\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">William Wilberforce<\/a>. Il est d\u00e9put\u00e9 \u00e0 la Chambre des Communes et tr\u00e8s proche du Premier Ministre William Pitt le jeune. Il obtient d\u00e9j\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.herodote.net\/2_mars_1807-evenement-18070302.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">l\u2019abolition de la traite le 2 mars 1807<\/a>, avant d\u2019\u00eatre suivi l\u2019ann\u00e9e suivante par les \u00c9tats-Unis.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Il fonde l\u2019<em>Anti-slavery Society <\/em>en 1823, qui inspire plus de 10 ans plus tard la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise pour l\u2019abolition de l\u2019esclavage. <strong>Wilberforce fait voter l\u2019Abolition-Act le 26 juillet 1833<\/strong>, qui pr\u00e9voit de grosses indemnit\u00e9s contre les planteurs. Elle abolie l\u2019esclavage dans l\u2019int\u00e9gralit\u00e9 des possessions britanniques (Guyane britannique, Ile Maurice, Inde).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"une-initiative-mutualisee\">Une initiative mutualis\u00e9e \ud83e\udd1d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>En 1839, l\u2019<\/strong><strong><em>Anti-slavery Society<\/em><\/strong><em> <\/em>est remplac\u00e9e par la <em>Foreign and Anti-Slavery Society. <\/em>Elle devient le v\u00e9ritable gendarme du monde pour la lutte contre la traite ill\u00e9gale et l\u2019esclavage.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Elle v\u00e9rifie les conditions d\u2019application des trait\u00e9s anti-esclavagistes dans le monde.<\/li><li>Finance les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s abolitionnistes comme <strong>la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise pour l\u2019abolition de l\u2019esclavage.<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Organise \u00e0 Londres en 1840 et 1843, <\/strong>deux grandes conventions r\u00e9unissant les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s abolitionnistes du monde entier pour \u0153uvrer vers une fin commune.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>D\u00e8s 1823, ce sont les colonies espagnoles d\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Sud<\/strong> qui s\u2019\u00e9mancipent progressivement et mettent fin \u00e0 l\u2019esclavage, comme le Chili, le Costa Rica, ou encore le Honduras. La France est m\u00eame devanc\u00e9e par la<strong> Tunisie et le Danemark (\u00eeles Vierges) en 1846.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9mdW5uZWwtc3R1ZGVudC1xdWFsaWZpY2F0aW9u\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"CPN1 Lyc\u00e9e\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/David2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">David<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">EDHEC<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jade2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jade<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Noemie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">No\u00e9mie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">M2 en droit \u00e0 Assas<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Olivier2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Olivier<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">La Sorbonne<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">13\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fanny2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Fanny<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Ponts ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Margot2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Margot<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Arts et M\u00e9tiers ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">22\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Alma2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Alma<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris-Saclay<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Lyc\u00e9en en gal\u00e8re ? Ton premier cours est offert ! <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\ud83c\udf81\">\ud83c\udf81<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont l\u00e0 pour t\u2019aider \u00e0 progresser !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        J&rsquo;EN PROFITE MAINTENANT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"abolitionnisme-francais-les-figures-meconnues\">Abolitionnisme fran\u00e7ais : les figures m\u00e9connues<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"labbe-gregoire\">L\u2019abb\u00e9 Gr\u00e9goire<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Pr\u00eatre catholique, r\u00e9volutionnaire, abolitionniste\u2026 le mec sait tout faire ! Apr\u00e8s la R\u00e9volution fran\u00e7aise, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abb%C3%A9_Gr%C3%A9goire#cite_ref-45\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">l\u2019Abb\u00e9 Gr\u00e9goire <\/a>est <strong>d\u00e9put\u00e9 du Tiers-Etat au sein de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale constituante<\/strong> et s\u2019engage \u00e0 ce moment dans la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Amis des Noirs, pour appuyer son combat anti-r\u00e9volutionnaire.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/390px-Henri_Gregoire.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-248034\" width=\"266\" height=\"358\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/390px-Henri_Gregoire.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=390 390w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/390px-Henri_Gregoire.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=202 202w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 266px) 100vw, 266px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1 Le point def\u2019 !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><strong>La Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Amis des Noirs<\/strong> est cr\u00e9\u00e9e en 1788 par le chef de file des Girondins \u00e0 l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e, Brissot de Warville. Elle milite pour l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 des droits entre blancs et \u201clibres de couleur\u201d dans les colonies et l\u2019interdiction progressive de l\u2019esclavage, dans un souci de pr\u00e9servation de l\u2019\u00e9conomie.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s du m\u00e9tis Julien Raymond (originaire de Saint-Domingue), <strong>il obtient d\u00e8s 1793 l\u2019entr\u00e9e \u00e0 la Convention une d\u00e9l\u00e9gation de la \u201cSoci\u00e9t\u00e9 des gens de couleur\u201d.<\/strong> Dans le groupe, retiens aussi <strong>Jeanne Odo, <\/strong>une ancienne esclave alors centenaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Apr\u00e8s le r\u00e9tablissement de l\u2019esclavage par Napol\u00e9on Bonaparte, il r\u00e9dige un ouvrage fondateur, <strong><em>De la litt\u00e9rature des n\u00e8gres<\/em> (1808).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cyrille-bissette\">Cyrille Bissette<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/390px-Cyrille_Bissette_by_Francois_Le_Villain.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-248035\" width=\"267\" height=\"356\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/390px-Cyrille_Bissette_by_Francois_Le_Villain.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=390 390w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/390px-Cyrille_Bissette_by_Francois_Le_Villain.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=204 204w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 267px) 100vw, 267px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>N\u00e9 \u201clibre de couleur\u201d en Martinique en 1795, il est d\u2019abord investi dans le syst\u00e8me esclavagiste. <strong>Alors comment se retrouve-t-il \u00e0 Paris en 1834 \u00e0 fonder une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 anti-esclavagiste ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;En 1823, il est accus\u00e9 d\u2019anti-esclavagisme apr\u00e8s la d\u00e9couverte chez lui d\u2019ouvrages d\u00e9fendant l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 entre blancs et \u201clibres de couleur\u201d. <strong>Il est alors marqu\u00e9 au fer rouge et exil\u00e9 \u00e0 Paris !&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Manque de bol pour les lobbys des planteurs, il s\u2019engage imm\u00e9diatement dans la lutte contre l\u2019esclavage. <strong>Il fonde la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des gens de couleur <\/strong>et demande en 1835 l\u2019abolition totale et imm\u00e9diate de l\u2019esclavage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyrille_Bissette\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Cyrille Bissette<\/strong><\/a><strong> a m\u00eame l\u2019audace de rivaliser avec le boss dans le milieu, Victor Schoelcher, <\/strong>qu\u2019il trouve m\u00e9prisant. Il r\u00e9fl\u00e9chit \u00e0 un plan de r\u00e9organisation de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 apr\u00e8s l\u2019abolition de l\u2019esclavage et va jusqu\u2019\u00e0 revendiquer un <strong>d\u00e9cret pour l\u2019instruction gratuite et obligatoire<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 En ao\u00fbt 1846, il envoie une p\u00e9tition au Parlement et aux Conseils g\u00e9n\u00e9raux, qui sera relay\u00e9e l\u2019ann\u00e9e suivante dans <strong>le r\u00e9quisitoire de Schoelcher contre les planteurs de Martinique et de Guadeloupe, <\/strong><strong><em>Histoire de l\u2019esclavage pendant ces deux derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es<\/em><\/strong><strong>.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"louisy-matthieu\">Louisy Matthieu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>On te pr\u00e9sente rien de moins que <strong>le premier esclave affranchi \u00e0 si\u00e9ger \u00e0 l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e Nationale constituante<\/strong>. Badass, non ?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>C\u2019est l\u2019exemple m\u00eame de l\u2019esclave \u00e9mancip\u00e9 ! <\/strong>D\u2019abord esclave dans les plantations de Guadeloupe, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Louisy_Mathieu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Louisy Matthieu<\/a>&nbsp;est affranchi en 1848 et travaille dans une imprimerie \u00e0 Pointe-\u00e0-Pitre. <strong>L\u00e0, il devient populaire et est pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 sur la liste \u00e9lectorale des d\u00e9put\u00e9s de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e Constituante, avec \u00e0 sa t\u00eate Victor Schoelcher.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/390px-Louisy_Mathieu.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-248036\" width=\"319\" height=\"499\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/390px-Louisy_Mathieu.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=390 390w, https:\/\/xapbm7c37i.cloudimg.io\/https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/390px-Louisy_Mathieu.jpg?q=85&amp;force_format=webp&amp;org_if_sml=1&amp;w=174 174w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 319px) 100vw, 319px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce dernier pr\u00e9f\u00e8re quitter son poste pour devenir d\u00e9put\u00e9 de la Guadeloupe en 1849 et <strong>choisit Louisy Matthieu pour le remplacer !&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"relance\">\n        <div >\n                            <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/guide-methodo-lycee\/\">\n                    <div class=\"relance__container\"\n                        >\n                        \n                                                        <picture>\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/methodo-lycee.png\" media=\"(min-width: 999px)\">\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/methodo-lycee.png\" media=\"(max-width: 999px)\">\n                                <img decoding=\"async\"\n                                    src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/methodo-lycee.png\"\n                                    alt=\"\"\n                                >\n                            <\/picture>\n                                                <div class=\"relance__content\">\n                            \n                                <div class=\"relance__title\"> <p>T\u00e9l\u00e9charge ce guide et trouve ta propre m\u00e9thode de travail au lyc\u00e9e ! \ud83d\udd25<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <button type=\"button\"\n                                    class=\"relance__button btn btn-white\">\n                                Par ici \ud83d\ude80\n                            <\/button>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n    \n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"abolir-lesclavage-et-apres\">Abolir l\u2019esclavage : et apr\u00e8s ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"une-mise-en-oeuvre-vitesse-chrono\">Une mise en \u0153uvre vitesse chrono\u2026. \u23f3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Comme ils ne font pas les choses \u00e0 moiti\u00e9, <strong>les d\u00e9put\u00e9s du gouvernement provisoire ont pr\u00e9vu l\u2019\u00e9mancipation de 250 000 esclaves m\u00e9tis en deux mois !&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mais tu te doutes que tout ne se passe pas comme pr\u00e9vu.<strong> En Martinique et en Guadeloupe,<\/strong> les esclaves ne veulent pas de cette sortie progressive. <strong>Ils ne perdent pas de temps pour attendre et font \u00e9clater une insurrection le 22 mai<\/strong>. Les gouverneurs sont oblig\u00e9s de plier et de proclamer l\u2019abolition de l\u2019esclavage en France <strong>les 23 et 27 mai 1848.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"mais-une-sortie-approximative\">\u2026 mais une sortie approximative \u231b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>On est d\u00e9sol\u00e9s de te d\u00e9cevoir, mais <strong>le d\u00e9cret d\u2019abolition de l\u2019esclavage de 1848 ne raye pas pour autant l\u2019esclavage de la carte de l\u2019empire colonial fran\u00e7ais.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aux Antilles, les planteurs font venir des \u201ctravailleurs sous contrat\u201d de Chine et d\u2019Inde pour maintenir une forme d\u2019exploitation.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/tRBjHprPgsRawVawCs\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"332\" height=\"332\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Comble de la mauvaise foi, <strong>le travail forc\u00e9 est carr\u00e9ment institutionnalis\u00e9 dans le <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indig%C3%A9nat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>code de l\u2019indig\u00e9nat<\/strong><\/a><strong>,<\/strong> institu\u00e9 sp\u00e9cifiquement en 1881 en Alg\u00e9rie fran\u00e7aise pour <strong>d\u00e9finir le statut juridique de ses habitants natifs.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Il a la m\u00eame fonction que l\u2019ancien <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Code_noir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">code noir<\/a> relatif aux esclaves : faire reconna\u00eetre un syst\u00e8me de domination devant la justice. Bien entendu, il est tr\u00e8s vite <strong>\u00e9largi aux autres colonies fran\u00e7aises !&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Les puissances coloniales rivales<\/strong> ne perdent pas de temps non plus pour adopter un syst\u00e8me similaire. <strong>Le travail forc\u00e9 devient m\u00eame une pratique incontournable<\/strong> apr\u00e8s la <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/la-conference-de-berlin-et-le-partage-de-lafrique\/\">conf\u00e9rence de Berlin<\/a> de 1884, quand tous se mettent \u00e0 <strong>exploiter au max les ressources de l\u2019Afrique en construisant des chemins de fer.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>\ud83d\udca5 Pour tout savoir sur <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/guerre-d-algerie\/\">la Guerre d\u2019Alg\u00e9rie<\/a>, et la fin de l\u2019unique colonie de peuplement.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Voil\u00e0, t\u2019es maintenant cal\u00e9 sur les \u00e9tapes de l\u2019abolition de l\u2019esclavage en France, les grandes figures et ses limites. Une histoire pleine de rebondissements, non ?\u00a0\ud83d\ude30<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;248024&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;3&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;5\\\/5 - (3 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;L\\u0026#039;histoire de l\\u0026#039;abolition de l\\u0026#039;esclavage en France \ud83d\udc47&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;142.5&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 142.5px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            5\/5 - (3 votes)    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019ann\u00e9e 2022 marque les dix ans du m\u00e9morial de l\u2019abolition de l\u2019esclavage de Nantes, un des principaux ports (&#8230;)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":326,"featured_media":248048,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"category":[803,821],"tag":[331,358,375],"class_list":["post-248024","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apprendre-matiere","category-histoire","tag-afrique","tag-france","tag-politique"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/248024","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/326"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=248024"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/248024\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/248048"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=248024"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category?post=248024"},{"taxonomy":"tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag?post=248024"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}