{"id":242189,"date":"2025-11-25T09:06:41","date_gmt":"2025-11-25T08:06:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/?p=242189"},"modified":"2025-11-26T11:50:23","modified_gmt":"2025-11-26T10:50:23","slug":"candide-voltaire-resume","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/candide-voltaire-resume\/","title":{"rendered":"Fiche de lecture : Candide de Voltaire r\u00e9sum\u00e9 \ud83d\udcda"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\u00c0 retenir<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <ul class=\"ul1\">\n<li class=\"li1\">Le r\u00e9sum\u00e9 de <i>Candide<\/i> de Voltaire suit un jeune homme na\u00eff qui vit une s\u00e9rie de catastrophes. Ces \u00e9preuves d\u00e9truisent sa foi en la philosophie de l&rsquo;Optimisme.<\/li>\n<li class=\"li1\">\u00c0 travers les voyages de son h\u00e9ros, Voltaire d\u00e9nonce les maux de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de son \u00e9poque. Le conte critique la guerre, l&rsquo;intol\u00e9rance religieuse et l&rsquo;esclavage.<\/li>\n<li class=\"li1\">La conclusion du livre propose une solution simple au malheur. La c\u00e9l\u00e8bre phrase \u00ab\u00a0il faut cultiver notre jardin\u00a0\u00bb invite \u00e0 trouver le bonheur dans le travail concret, loin des d\u00e9bats abstraits.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00ab\u00a0Tout va pour le mieux dans le meilleur des mondes\u00a0\u00bb, cette phrase c\u00e9l\u00e8bre de<strong> <em>Candide<\/em> <\/strong>semble pleine<strong> d\u2019optimisme, <\/strong>mais elle va vite \u00eatre mise \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9preuve au fil de l\u2019histoire. Dans<em> Candide<\/em>, Voltaire <strong>questionne<\/strong> cet optimisme et, \u00e0 travers les aventures souvent difficiles de son h\u00e9ros, lui fait peu \u00e0 peu changer sa mani\u00e8re de voir le monde. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette fiche de lecture a pour but de te donner toutes les cl\u00e9s pour comprendre ce texte important : <strong>son sens, sa dimension philosophique<\/strong>, et la fa\u00e7on dont Voltaire, grand \u00e9crivain <strong>des Lumi\u00e8res<\/strong>, <strong>critique <\/strong>un optimisme trop na\u00eff.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"presentation-de-loeuvre\">Pr\u00e9sentation de l\u2019\u0153uvre&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"fiche-didentite\">Fiche d\u2019identit\u00e9 <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-1132\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-1132\">\n<tbody class=\"row-striping row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Auteur<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Voltaire<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Date<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">1759<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Genre<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Conte philosophique<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Structure<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">30 chapitres<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Mouvement<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Lumi\u00e8res<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-1132 from cache -->\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"une-oeuvre-un-contexte\">Une \u0153uvre, un contexte <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"><strong>Voltaire, c\u2019est avant tout un <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/philosophes-lumieres\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"265850\">philosophe des Lumi\u00e8res<\/a>, tout comme Diderot, <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/rousseau\/\">Rousseau<\/a> ou d\u2019Alembert.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Et ce n\u2019est pas tout ! C&rsquo;est \u00e9galement un homme d&rsquo;affaires, scientifique, historien, po\u00e8te et dramaturge.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"402\" height=\"604\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Capture-decran-2025-11-21-a-10.14.18.png?_t=1763994148\" alt=\"Portrait de Voltaire\" class=\"wp-image-307278\" style=\"width:242px;height:auto\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Portrait de Voltaire<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1 Le savais-tu ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>\u201cVoltaire\u201d, c\u2019est son pseudonyme ! Il l&rsquo;adopte apr\u00e8s un s\u00e9jour \u00e0 la prison de la Bastille pour avoir compos\u00e9 des po\u00e8mes moqueurs contre le r\u00e9gent, Philippe d\u2019Orl\u00e9ans (1674-1723), oncle de Louis XV. Mais son vrai nom, c&rsquo;est Fran\u00e7ois-Marie Arouet.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p class=\"p1\"><strong>N\u2019h\u00e9site pas \u00e0 consulter notre article consacr\u00e9 aux <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/ecrivains-pseudonymes\/#:~:text=Romain%20Gary%20est%20aussi%20un%20pseudonyme%20!&amp;text=Le%20vrai%20nom%20de%20l,%2C%20Fosco%20Sinibaldi%2C%20Shatan%20Bogat%E2%80%A6\">auteurs qui ont \u00e9crit sous pseudonyme.<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est dans le salon litt\u00e9raire d\u2019Emilie du Ch\u00e2telet en Lorraine, puis \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/academie-francaise\/\">l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie fran\u00e7aise <\/a>et \u00e0 la cour de Louis XV qu\u2019il d\u00e9fend ses id\u00e9es\u2026 avant d\u2019en \u00eatre expuls\u00e9, de devenir super pessimiste et <strong>d\u2019entamer une lutte contre le fanatisme religieux<\/strong>. <strong>Son <em>Dictionnaire philosophique<\/em> (1764)<\/strong> est l\u2019aboutissement de cette pens\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Lorsqu\u2019il s\u2019installe \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve, le philosophe et scientifique allemand Leibniz est alors son plus grand rival !<\/strong> Il est \u00e0 l\u2019origine du concept de l\u2019Optimisme, pour justifier que le mal existe alors que c\u2019est Dieu qui d\u00e9cide de tout.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>Voulant d\u00e9montrer la responsabilit\u00e9 des hommes dans l\u2019existence du mal, Voltaire parodie l\u2019Optimisme dans son conte <em>Candide ou l\u2019Optimisme<\/em>.<\/strong> L\u2019action de ce conte se passe entre trois lieux fictifs o\u00f9 tout va bien, et l\u2019ailleurs o\u00f9 le personnage principal, Candide, ne vit que des malheurs ! L\u2019optimisme de Candide le pousse \u00e0 tout accepter et passe pour absurde aux yeux du lecteur.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"831\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Voltaire-lisant.jpg?_t=1763994697\" alt=\"&quot;Voltaire lisant L\u2019ann\u00e9e litt\u00e9raire de Fr\u00e9ron&quot;, huile sur toile de Jacques Augustin Catherine Pajou, 1811.\n\n\" class=\"wp-image-307279\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.25177304964539;width:330px;height:auto\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>\u00ab\u00a0Voltaire lisant L\u2019ann\u00e9e litt\u00e9raire de Fr\u00e9ron\u00a0\u00bb, huile sur toile de Jacques Augustin Catherine Pajou, 1811.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1 Le conte philosophique<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Pour \u00e9viter de nouveaux s\u00e9jours en prison, l\u2019auteur adopte l\u2019argumentation indirecte. \u00c0 la mani\u00e8re des Fables de <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/les-fables-de-jean-de-la-fontaine\/\">Jean de la Fontaine<\/a> au si\u00e8cle pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent, il convainc son lecteur en lui racontant une histoire qui est \u00e0 la fois l\u2019argument et l\u2019exemple. C\u2019est le registre de la fiction qui est mobilis\u00e9, dans <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/p\/francais\/genres-litteraires-modernes.html\">un genre narratif.<\/a><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Au conte traditionnel, il emprunte les registres du merveilleux et de l\u2019orientalisme<\/strong>, la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9crite est une all\u00e9gorie de celle de l\u2019auteur <strong>et son <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/schema-narratif\/\">sch\u00e9ma narratif<\/a> :<\/strong> situation initiale, \u00e9l\u00e9ment d\u00e9clencheur, p\u00e9rip\u00e9ties, d\u00e9nouement, situation finale. <strong>Mais il ajoute une intrigue romanesque, un enjeu philosophique, et des personnages-types qui deviennent porte-parole du point de vue de l\u2019auteur.<\/strong> <strong>La particularit\u00e9 de Candide est d\u2019\u00eatre en plus une utopie<\/strong>, \u00e0 la mani\u00e8re des<em> <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/les-lettres-persanes-analyse\/\"><em>Lettres Persanes<\/em> de Montesquieu.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"les-personnages\">Les personnages<\/h3>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1 Le roman d\u2019apprentissage<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>L\u2019aventure d\u00e9crite dans le conte symbolise son passage \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge adulte et le d\u00e9veloppement de son esprit critique.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\ud83d\udccc <strong>Candide :<\/strong> Le fils b\u00e2tard de la s\u0153ur du baron de Thunder-ten-Tronckh et d\u2019un gentilhomme du voisinage. Son nom refl\u00e8te son caract\u00e8re tr\u00e8s na\u00eff ! Il gobe tout ce que lui enseigne son pr\u00e9cepteur.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud83d\udccc <strong>Pangloss <\/strong>: Pr\u00e9cepteur de Candide. Il d\u00e9fend une philosophie optimiste absurde. Coup dur pour Leibniz.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud83d\udccc <strong>Cun\u00e9gonde :<\/strong> Fille du baron et amoureuse de Candide. Spoiler : c\u2019est avec elle qu\u2019il est heureux \u00e0 la fin du conte.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud83d\udccc <strong>Martin :<\/strong> Philosophe pessimiste que Candide rencontre lors de son voyage. Il pense que le mal l\u2019emporte toujours sur le bien, et que la solution est de \u201ctravailler sans raisonner\u201d (Chap.30). C\u2019est la version extr\u00eame de ce que pense notre auteur ! Le rencontrer permet \u00e0 Candide de comprendre qu\u2019une philosophie diff\u00e9rente de celle de Pangloss est possible.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud83d\udccc <strong>Cacambo : <\/strong>Valet de Candide, qu\u2019il rencontre au Paraguay.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9mdW5uZWwtc3R1ZGVudC1xdWFsaWZpY2F0aW9u\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"CMP1 Fran\u00e7ais\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Olivier2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Olivier<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">La Sorbonne<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">13\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jade2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jade<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Martin2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Martin<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">23\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Alma2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Alma<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris-Saclay<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jeanne2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jeanne<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin d&rsquo;un <span style=\"color: #4cc583;\">prof particulier<\/span> de fran\u00e7ais ? <span role=\"image\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos Sherpas sont l\u00e0 pour t&rsquo;aider \u00e0 progresser et prendre confiance en toi !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS OFFERT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"candide-voltaire-resume-par-chapitre\">Candide Voltaire r\u00e9sum\u00e9 par chapitre<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"situation-initiale\">Situation initiale <\/h3>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Le conte s\u2019ouvre dans un premier lieu id\u00e9al : le ch\u00e2teau du baron de Thunder-ten-tronckh en Westphalie.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u2019est un id\u00e9al-illusoire : Candide ne conna\u00eet que lui et pense que sa vie ne peut \u00eatre meilleure qu\u2019ici &#8230; malgr\u00e9 tous ses d\u00e9fauts<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Chapitre 1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Candide est super na\u00eff et pense que ce que lui enseigne son pr\u00e9cepteur est la v\u00e9rit\u00e9 absolue. Il embrasse Cun\u00e9gonde sans demander la permission \u00e0 son p\u00e8re\u2026 et se retrouve chass\u00e9 du ch\u00e2teau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-450a511b-3ee3-4a0b-9284-813ad83e54dd\"><strong>Avec cet \u00e9l\u00e9ment d\u00e9clencheur, c&rsquo;est tout son petit monde qui s\u2019\u00e9croule : il va d\u00e9couvrir la vraie vie !&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"en-hollande-les-premiers-malheurs\">En Hollande : les premiers malheurs <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-2\"> Chapitre 2<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Il est enr\u00f4l\u00e9 de force dans l\u2019arm\u00e9e bulgare et est maltrait\u00e9.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-3\"> Chapitre 3<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Il vit une guerre effroyable, d\u00e9crite gr\u00e2ce au <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/antiphrase\/\">proc\u00e9d\u00e9 de l\u2019antiphrase<\/a> : ce qui est \u00e9crit est l\u2019inverse de ce qu\u2019il faut comprendre, de fa\u00e7on \u00e0 se moquer des croyances des lecteurs.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Rien n\u2019\u00e9tait si beau, si leste, si brillant, si bien ordonn\u00e9 que les deux arm\u00e9s.<\/span> [\u2026] Candide, qui tremblait comme un philosophe, se cacha du mieux qu\u2019il p\u00fbt pendant cette <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">boucherie h\u00e9ro\u00efque.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\"><\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\"><\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Bless\u00e9, Candide s\u2019enfuit en Hollande o\u00f9 il est recueilli par l\u2019anabaptiste Jacques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-4\"> Chapitre 4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Le h\u00e9ros retrouve Pangloss. Il a le visage compl\u00e8tement d\u00e9figur\u00e9 par la petite v\u00e9role et apprend \u00e0 Candide que le ch\u00e2teau du baron de Thunder-ten-tronckh a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9truit par les Bulgares et que Cun\u00e9gonde est morte. Cette destruction symbolise le fait que Candide ne peut plus croire en cette vie paisible dans \u201cle meilleur des mondes possibles\u201d, maintenant qu\u2019il a d\u00e9couvert la vie au-dehors. Il cherche donc un id\u00e9al ailleurs et embarque pour Lisbonne avec Jacques et Pangloss.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"a-lisbonne-les-apprentissages\">\u00c0 Lisbonne : les apprentissages <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-5\"><strong> <\/strong>Chapitre 5<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>En mer, leur bateau fait naufrage \u00e0 cause d\u2019une temp\u00eate et Jacques meurt. \u00c0 l&rsquo;arriv\u00e9e, les deux hommes assistent \u00e0 un tremblement de terre.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1 Le s\u00e9isme de 1755<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Pour le lecteur de l\u2019\u00e9poque, ce chapitre est une r\u00e9\u00e9criture du <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S%C3%A9isme_du_1er_novembre_1755_%C3%A0_Lisbonne\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">s\u00e9isme du 1er novembre 1755 \u00e0 Lisbonne<\/a> et qui aurait fait entre 50 000 et 70 000 victimes. En r\u00e9action, Voltaire \u00e9crit un <em>Po\u00e8me sur le d\u00e9sastre \u00e0 Lisbonne <\/em>en 1756, preuve que l\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nement a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9terminant dans sa pens\u00e9e pessimiste.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-6\"><strong> <\/strong>Chapitre 6&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pangloss est arr\u00eat\u00e9 par l\u2019Inquisition, le tribunal de l\u2019Eglise catholique, pour avoir remis en cause le p\u00e9ch\u00e9 originel. Il est pendu lors de l\u2019autodaf\u00e9,<\/strong> le jugement des h\u00e9r\u00e9tiques, et Candide est fess\u00e9.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p>Apr\u00e8s le tremblement de terre qui avait d\u00e9truit les trois quarts de Lisbonne, <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">les sages du pays n\u2019avaient pas trouv\u00e9 un moyen plus efficace pour pr\u00e9venir une ruine totale que de donner au peuple un bel autodaf\u00e9<\/span>. [&#8230;] on vient lier apr\u00e8s le diner le docteur Pangloss et son disciple Candide, <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">l\u2019un pour avoir parl\u00e9, et l\u2019autre pour avoir \u00e9cout\u00e9 avec un air d\u2019approbation<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\"><\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\"><\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-7\">Chapitre 7<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Candide est recueilli par une vieille femme chez qui il retrouve Cun\u00e9gonde.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-8\">Chapitre 8<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Cun\u00e9gonde lui raconte qu\u2019elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 viol\u00e9e et \u00e9ventr\u00e9e par les Bulgares, avant d\u2019\u00eatre vendue \u00e0 un juif, Don Issachar, qui abuse d\u2019elle en la partageant avec le Grand Inquisiteur.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-9\">Chapitre 9&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Fou de rage, Candide tue les deux hommes et s\u2019enfuit vers Cadix avec Cun\u00e9gonde et la vieille femme.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"relance\">\n        <div >\n                        <div class=\"cursor-pointer\" data-toggle=\"modal\" data-target=\"#relance-modal-GGmqmSlaHHI\">\n                <div class=\"relance__container\"\n                    >\n                                                                             <picture>\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/me\u0301thodologie-fiche-de-lecture-youtube-les-sherpas-2.jpg\" media=\"(min-width: 999px)\">\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/me\u0301thodologie-fiche-de-lecture-youtube-les-sherpas-2.jpg\" media=\"(max-width: 999px)\">\n                                <img decoding=\"async\"\n                                    src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/me\u0301thodologie-fiche-de-lecture-youtube-les-sherpas-2.jpg\"\n                                    alt=\"\"\n                                >\n                            <\/picture>\n                                        <div class=\"relance__content\">\n                                                <div class=\"relance__title\"> <p>Regarde notre m\u00e9thodologie fiche de lecture \u00e0 partir de l\u2019exemple de Candide<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                <button type=\"button\"\n                                class=\"relance__button btn btn-white\">\n                            <svg>\n                                <use\n                                    xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#play\"\/>\n                            <\/svg>\n                            <span>Par ici \ud83d\udc48<\/span>\n                        <\/button>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n            <div class=\"modal-video modal fade\" id=\"relance-modal-GGmqmSlaHHI\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n            <div class=\"modal-dialog\">\n                <div class=\"modal-content\">\n                    <iframe\n                        src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/GGmqmSlaHHI\"\n                        title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\"\n                        allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\"\n                        allowfullscreen\n                    ><\/iframe>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    \n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"aux-ameriques-les-peripeties-continuent-chapitre-10\">Aux Am\u00e9riques : les p\u00e9rip\u00e9ties continuent Chapitre 10<strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ruin\u00e9s, ils embarquent pour l\u2019Am\u00e9rique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitres-11-et-12\"><strong> <\/strong>Chapitres 11 et 12&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Pendant la travers\u00e9e, la vieille femme raconte son existence malheureuse. Fille de pape et de princesse, elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 enlev\u00e9e par des corsaires lors d\u2019un voyage. Lors d\u2019une bataille contre des ennemis, sa m\u00e8re est \u00e9cartel\u00e9e et elle-m\u00eame est vendue \u00e0 plusieurs ma\u00eetres qui lui mangent une fesse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-13\"><strong> <\/strong>Chapitre 13&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Candide doit fuir Buenos Aires d\u00e8s son arriv\u00e9e, car il y est poursuivi par l\u2019Inquisition pour le meurtre du Grand Inquisiteur. Cun\u00e9gonde reste avec le gouverneur, tomb\u00e9 amoureux d\u2019elle. (Chapitre 14)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Au Paraguay, Candide rencontre Cacambo qui devient son valet. Il se r\u00e9fugie chez les J\u00e9suites, o\u00f9 se trouve le fr\u00e8re de Cun\u00e9gonde.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-15\">Chapitre 15<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Na\u00eff, Candide lui demande la main de Cun\u00e9gonde, mais celui-ci refuse. Le jeune homme qui n\u2019a jusque-l\u00e0 connu que la violence, d\u00e9cide de r\u00e9gler la situation\u2026 en le tuant ! <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-16\">Chapitre 16&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Candide et Cacambo \u00e9chappent \u00e0 la tribu cannibale des Oreillons, qui veulent les manger.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9mdW5uZWwtc3R1ZGVudC1xdWFsaWZpY2F0aW9u\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"CPE1 Bac\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Olivier2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Olivier<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">La Sorbonne<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">13\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Cle\u0301mence2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Cl\u00e9mence<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fanny2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Fanny<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Ponts ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fabien2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Fabien<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">T\u00e9l\u00e9com Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">20\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Sophie2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Sophie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Bordeaux<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">12\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jeanne2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jeanne<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jade2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jade<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/David2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">David<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">EDHEC<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Tu veux <span style=\"color: #50b47c;\">cartonner au bac <\/span>? \u2728<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont l\u00e0 pour t\u2019aider \u00e0 progresser !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS OFFERT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"candide-semancipe\">Candide s&rsquo;\u00e9mancipe <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitres-17-et-18\">Chapitres 17 et 18<\/h4>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><strong>Le centre du conte : l\u2019arriv\u00e9e dans l\u2019utopie d\u2019Eldorado.<\/strong> C\u2019est l\u2019id\u00e9al-impossible, un monde o\u00f9 tout est parfait, mais qui n\u2019est pas r\u00e9el. Candide y prend conscience qu\u2019il doit trouver sa propre r\u00e9alit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Candide et Cacambo errent longtemps avant de trouver ce pays merveilleux.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Mais le h\u00e9ros n\u2019a qu\u2019une chose en t\u00eate :<strong> retrouver Cun\u00e9gonde et la racheter au gouverneur de Buenos Aires <\/strong>gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019or et l\u2019argent qu\u2019ils chargent sur des moutons.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"441\" height=\"746\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/EldoradoSheep.jpg?_t=1763996664\" alt=\"\u00ab Il y avait deux grands moutons rouges sell\u00e9s et brid\u00e9s pour leur servir de monture quand ils auraient franchi les montagnes \u00bb (chap. XVIII).\n\n\" class=\"wp-image-307280\" style=\"width:245px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-19\">Chapitre 19&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Arriv\u00e9 \u00e0 Surinam, Candide rencontre un esclave, d\u00e9sign\u00e9 dans le texte par le terme \u201cn\u00e8gre de Surinam\u201d. Il a un pied et une main coup\u00e9es par son \u201cma\u00eetre\u201d.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p>Quand nous travaillons aux sucreries, et que la meule nous attrape le doigt, on nous coupe la main : quand nous voulons nous enfuir, on nous coupe la jambe [&#8230;] <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">C\u2019est \u00e0 ce prix que vous mangez du sucre en Europe<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\"><\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\"><\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Choqu\u00e9, Candide commence \u00e0 remettre en cause son optimisme. Il rencontre Martin, un philosophe pessimiste avec qui il embarque pour Bordeaux, et envoie Cacambo racheter Cun\u00e9gonde.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitres-20-et-21\">Chapitres 20 et 21<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Martin et Candide philosophent sur la condition humaine pendant la travers\u00e9e.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-22\">Chapitre 22&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 Bordeaux puis \u00e0 Paris, Candide d\u00e9couvre les m\u0153urs de ses habitants : menteurs et voleurs !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> Un beau miroir pour les lecteurs du XVIIIe\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-23\">Chapitre 23&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Candide et Martin assistent sur les c\u00f4tes anglaises \u00e0 l\u2019ex\u00e9cution d\u2019un amiral Anglais, accus\u00e9 de n\u2019avoir pas tu\u00e9 assez de Fran\u00e7ais. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ils partent attendre Cacambo et Cun\u00e9gonde \u00e0 Venise.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"relance\">\n        <div >\n                            <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/hacks-etre-a-laise-a-loral\/\">\n                    <div class=\"relance__container\"\n                        >\n                        \n                                                        <picture>\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Capture-decran-2025-11-24-a-16.45.07.png\" media=\"(min-width: 999px)\">\n                            <source srcset=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Capture-decran-2025-11-24-a-16.45.07.png\" media=\"(max-width: 999px)\">\n                                <img decoding=\"async\"\n                                    src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Capture-decran-2025-11-24-a-16.45.07.png\"\n                                    alt=\"\"\n                                >\n                            <\/picture>\n                                                <div class=\"relance__content\">\n                            \n                                <div class=\"relance__title\"> <p>7 le\u00e7ons pour briller \u00e0 ton oral de fran\u00e7ais !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <button type=\"button\"\n                                    class=\"relance__button btn btn-white\">\n                                \u00catre \u00e0 l&rsquo;aise \u00e0 l&rsquo;oral \u00e7a s&rsquo;apprend !\n                            <\/button>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/a>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n    \n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"vers-le-denouement\">Vers le d\u00e9nouement <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-24\">Chapitre 24&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 Venise ils retrouvent Paquette, ancienne servante de Cun\u00e9gonde et amante de Pangloss. Elle est devenue prostitu\u00e9e. Fr\u00e8re Girofl\u00e9e l&rsquo;accompagne. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-25\">Chapitre 25&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Ils rencontrent Pococurante, un s\u00e9nateur v\u00e9nitien blas\u00e9 de tout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-26\">Chapitre 26&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Candide finit par retrouver Cacambo au cours d\u2019un d\u00eener r\u00e9unissant six rois d\u00e9chus. Il apprend que Cun\u00e9gonde est esclave en Turquie.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-27\">Chapitre 27<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans une gal\u00e8re en route pour <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/constantinople\/\">Constantinople<\/a>, il a la surprise de retrouver\u2026 Pangloss et le fr\u00e8re de Cun\u00e9gonde (alors qu&rsquo;ils sont suppos\u00e9s \u00eatre morts). Ils font partie des esclaves gal\u00e9riens et Candide rach\u00e8te leur libert\u00e9.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-28\">Chapitre 28&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Les deux hommes racontent comment ils ont miraculeusement surv\u00e9cu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-29\">Chapitre 29&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"><strong>Candide retrouve enfin Cun\u00e9gonde<\/strong>, mais celle-ci n\u2019est plus vraiment la m\u00eame physiquement.  Heureusement, Candide, d\u00e9sormais plus m\u00fbr, lui demande tout de m\u00eame sa main.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Autre preuve de maturit\u00e9 : lorsque le fr\u00e8re s\u2019y oppose, il n\u2019essaye pas de le tuer et se contente de le renvoyer aux gal\u00e8res. D\u2019ailleurs, comme il est vraiment ferm\u00e9 d\u2019esprit, il n\u2019a finalement rien \u00e0 faire dans la fin de l\u2019histoire.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1084\" height=\"1741\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Voltaire_-_Candide_-_Delignon_-_Moreau.jpg?_t=1763997319\" alt=\"Candide chapitre 29\" class=\"wp-image-307283\" style=\"width:288px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"en-turquie-la-situation-finale\">En Turquie : la situation finale <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitre-30\">Chapitre 30&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><strong>L\u2019explicite du conte : <\/strong>Candide d\u00e9couvre enfin\u2026 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 ! <strong>Le lieu dans lequel il se sent bien et o\u00f9 il peut vivre la fin de sa vie, est m\u00e9diocre, mais il lui appara\u00eet comme son monde id\u00e9al<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Candide ach\u00e8te une m\u00e9tairie dot\u00e9e d\u2019un petit jardin. Il s\u2019y installe avec Pangloss, Martin, Cun\u00e9gonde, Cacambo, Paquette et fr\u00e8re Girofl\u00e9e. La cohabitation est parfois difficile, mais c\u2019est le miroir d\u2019une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 id\u00e9ale. Un vieux sage turc leur apprend que le bonheur vient du fruit du travail de la terre. <strong>Candide comprend qu\u2019il faut entretenir le bonheur simple et \u201ccultiver son jardin\u201d. <\/strong>Il arrive m\u00eame \u00e0 prendre du recul par rapport aux enseignements de son prof.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p class=\"p1\">Pangloss disait quelquefois \u00e0 Candide \u201c <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Tous les \u00e9v\u00e9nements se sont encha\u00een\u00e9s dans le meilleur des mondes possibles<\/span> [&#8230;] &#8211; Cela est bien dit, r\u00e9pondit Candide, mais <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">il faut cultiver notre jardin.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\"><\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\"><\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9mdW5uZWwtc3R1ZGVudC1xdWFsaWZpY2F0aW9u\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"CPM\u00e9thodo\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Thibault2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Thibault<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris Ulm<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">20\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jade2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jade<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Hugo2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Hugo<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Insa Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">16\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Noemie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">No\u00e9mie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">M2 en droit \u00e0 Assas<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Pierre2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Pierre<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESSEC<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">16\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Antoine2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Antoine<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">18\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Emilie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Emilie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin d\u2019aide en m\u00e9thodo ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Trouve un prof expert en m\u00e9thodologie ! \u2728<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS OFFERT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"candide-voltaire-analyse\">Candide Voltaire analyse&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"une-oeuvre-denonciatrice\">Une \u0153uvre d\u00e9nonciatrice <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"la-guerre-chap-3\"><strong>La guerre <\/strong>(Chap.3) <\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Elle est d\u00e9nonc\u00e9e au tout d\u00e9but du voyage de Candide, lorsqu\u2019il est enr\u00f4l\u00e9 de force dans l\u2019arm\u00e9e bulgare. <strong>La na\u00efvet\u00e9 du jeune homme permet une lecture absurde de la guerre : le lecteur se retrouve spectateur des horreurs des combats, sans jamais en conna\u00eetre les causes.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019accumulation ironique des adjectifs m\u00e9lioratifs (retrouve la citation plus haut \ud83d\udc46), fait ressortir les souffrances d\u00e9crites de mani\u00e8re path\u00e9tique.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>L\u2019oxymore \u201cboucherie h\u00e9ro\u00efque\u201d interpelle le lecteur en juxtaposant deux termes oppos\u00e9s, et oblige \u00e0 regarder la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 telle qu\u2019elle est.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>Apprends \u00e0 rep\u00e9rer <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/figure-de-style-bac-francais\/\">les figures de style pour le Bac de Fran\u00e7ais<\/a><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"le-fanatisme-religieux-chap-6\"><strong>Le fanatisme religieux <\/strong>(Chap.6) <\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Les m\u00eames proc\u00e9d\u00e9s sont employ\u00e9s pour d\u00e9noncer la justice arbitraire de l\u2019\u00c9glise catholique par le tribunal de l\u2019Inquisition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>L\u2019auteur d\u00e9crit des injustices<\/strong> : les \u201cdeux Portugais\u201d ne mangent pas de porc, et sont donc arr\u00eat\u00e9s car soup\u00e7onn\u00e9s d\u2019\u00eatre Juifs.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Le jeu d\u2019antiphrases pour souligner l\u2019absurdit\u00e9<\/strong> : \u201cles sages du pays n\u2019avaient pas trouv\u00e9 un moyen plus efficace pour pr\u00e9venir une ruine totale\u2026\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pour susciter l\u2019interrogation chez le lecteur, il ne pr\u00e9cise jamais les causes de ce qu\u2019il critique.<\/strong> Voltaire critique la condamnation en elle-m\u00eame et non son objet, pour souligner la n\u00e9gation de la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression par les autorit\u00e9s religieuses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"398\" height=\"826\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/PanglossAutodeFe.jpg?_t=1763997742\" alt=\"Chapitre 6\" class=\"wp-image-307284\" style=\"width:228px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"lesclavage-chap-19\"><strong>L\u2019esclavage&nbsp;(Chap.19) <\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>L\u2019auteur joue sur le registre path\u00e9tique pour que le lecteur prenne en piti\u00e9 le n\u00e8gre de Surinam<\/strong>. Mais ce dernier est vite rattrap\u00e9 par ses propres contradictions : comment peut-il plaindre cet esclave tout en continuant \u00e0 consommer le sucre qu\u2019il cultive ?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Conform\u00e9ment aux croyances de l\u2019\u00e9poque, les esclaves sont d\u00e9shumanis\u00e9s<\/strong>. Dans le texte, ils sont d\u00e9crits comme \u00e9tant moins bien consid\u00e9r\u00e9s que \u201cles chiens, les singes et les perroquets\u201d. <strong>Pourtant, le n\u00e8gre de Surinam est atteint dans son int\u00e9grit\u00e9 physique comme les autres personnages du conte :<\/strong> il lui manque une jambe et une main.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce rapprochement entre les personnages de toutes les origines sociales est volontaire. <strong>Dans la philosophie de Voltaire, le mal qui ronge l\u2019esp\u00e8ce humaine et emp\u00eache son bonheur est universel.<\/strong> Le d\u00e9ni d\u2019humanit\u00e9 de son semblable constitue pour lui le mal le plus condamnable !<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1 Le code noir<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Il est impossible pour le lecteur du XVIII\u1d49 si\u00e8cle de ne pas y lire une critique du <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Code_noir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">code noir<\/a> de 1685, qui institutionnalise la d\u00e9shumanisation des esclaves.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>Besoin d\u2019une piq\u00fbre de rappel sur <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/les-differents-registres-litteraires\/\">les diff\u00e9rents registres litt\u00e9raires <\/a>?<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"candide-une-philosophie-du-bonheur\">Candide : une philosophie du bonheur<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>La satire de l\u2019optimisme Leibnizien&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>La phrase \u201cTout est bien dans le meilleur des mondes possibles\u201d (Chap. 1 et 5) caricature l\u2019id\u00e9e de Leibniz selon laquelle il n\u2019existe pas de bien et de mal, mais plut\u00f4t du \u201cmeilleur\u201d et du \u201cpire\u201d. <\/strong>Il refuse de juger le monde par les bons ou mauvais d\u00e9tails, mais pr\u00e9f\u00e8re le voir dans sa globalit\u00e9.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/strong>Pourquoi l\u2019optimisme ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p class=\"p1\">En latin, \u201cmeilleur\u201d se dit <i>optimum<\/i>, qui donne Optimisme !<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Pangloss est une caricature de Leibniz. Il r\u00e9p\u00e8te cette phrase sans lui apporter de sens. M\u00eame apr\u00e8s avoir souffert physiquement du malheur (il est quand m\u00eame pendu par l\u2019Inquisition), il r\u00e9p\u00e8te dans l\u2019explicite du conte que \u00ab\u00a0tous les \u00e9v\u00e9nements se sont encha\u00een\u00e9s dans le meilleur des mondes possibles\u00a0\u00bb.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Dans le conte philosophique, la pens\u00e9e qui est critiqu\u00e9e \u00e9choue au fil des p\u00e9rip\u00e9ties. <\/strong>\u00c0 la fin du livre, le professeur ne se fait plus respecter par Candide. Celui-ci lui coupe m\u00eame la parole.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Le lecteur a aussi constat\u00e9 par lui-m\u00eame l\u2019\u00e9chec de cette pens\u00e9e. Les p\u00e9rip\u00e9ties v\u00e9cues par Candide ont dress\u00e9 un panorama de toutes les formes du mal : il est partout, universel et omnipr\u00e9sent !<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>Check tes connaissances sur <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/l-esprit-des-lumieres\/\">l\u2019esprit des Lumi\u00e8res<\/a><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Le bonheur selon Voltaire<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>OK, en r\u00e9alit\u00e9, Voltaire n&rsquo;est peut-\u00eatre pas l&rsquo;homme le plus optimiste du monde. Mais cette d\u00e9construction de la philosophie de Leibniz lui permet de transmettre sa propre id\u00e9e du <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/bonheur-philosophie\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/bonheur-philosophie\/\">bonheur<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>L\u2019Eldorado est une premi\u00e8re esquisse de monde id\u00e9al. <\/strong>Tu as s\u00fbrement retenu l\u2019argent et les biens qui y coulent \u00e0 flots : <strong>derri\u00e8re cette abondance se cache une utopie religieuse.<\/strong> Comme les habitants n\u2019ont pas de raison de r\u00e2ler ou de demander toujours plus de biens, ils prient seulement pour remercier Dieu. Rien \u00e0 voir avec la description qui est faite de Paris et de ses habitants !&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Remarque bien l\u2019absence de personnel religieux : il constitue l\u2019id\u00e9al de l\u2019auteur, le d\u00e9isme.<\/strong> Dans la petite soci\u00e9t\u00e9 finale, c\u2019est une croyance commune qui unit les hommes sans jamais les opposer.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 <\/strong>Cultiver notre jardin<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Rassure-toi, Voltaire n\u2019a jamais pr\u00e9tendu qu\u2019il fallait cultiver des patates pour atteindre le bonheur. Le jardin est une m\u00e9taphore du monde.<strong> En pr\u00f4nant le travail sur la raison, l&rsquo;auteur t&rsquo;invite \u00e0 cesser de te poser des questions existentielles sur <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/religion-philosophie\/\">la religion<\/a> ou ta propre personne. Agis plut\u00f4t pour soigner le mal autour de toi !<\/strong><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Mais le d\u00e9nouement reste ambigu, car c\u2019est finalement une micro-soci\u00e9t\u00e9 que les protagonistes forment \u00e0 la fin du conte. <strong>Une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 id\u00e9ale, o\u00f9 dominent l\u2019entente et la tol\u00e9rance, qui n\u2019existent qu\u2019une fois isol\u00e9e du reste de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/strong>. Alors, entre un optimisme teint\u00e9 d\u2019activisme et la technique de l\u2019autruche, quelle interpr\u00e9tation te para\u00eet la plus juste ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Voil\u00e0, tu as maintenant toutes les clefs pour comprendre cette \u0153uvre tr\u00e8s repr\u00e9sentative de la philosophie de Voltaire. \u00c0 bient\u00f4t pour d\u2019autres lectures. \ud83d\ude09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"faq\">\n    <div class=\"container\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/FAQPage\">\n        <div class=\"faq__title\">\n                        <h2 id=\"faq\">FAQ <\/h2>\n                    <\/div>\n         <div class=\"faq__questions\">\n                                                                             <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Quel est le r\u00e9sum\u00e9 de Candide de Voltaire ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p class=\"p1\">Candide est un conte philosophique de Voltaire, publi\u00e9 en 1759, qui suit les aventures de son protagoniste \u00e9ponyme. Candide, un jeune homme innocent et na\u00eff, est \u00e9lev\u00e9 dans le ch\u00e2teau de Thunder-ten-tronckh en Westphalie. Il est chass\u00e9 du ch\u00e2teau apr\u00e8s une liaison amoureuse avec Cun\u00e9gonde, la fille du baron. Candide se lance alors dans un voyage \u00e0 travers le monde, o\u00f9 il est confront\u00e9 \u00e0 une s\u00e9rie de malheurs et de calamit\u00e9s, qui \u00e9branlent progressivement sa foi dans la philosophie optimiste de son tuteur, le Dr Pangloss, selon laquelle \u00ab\u00a0tout est pour le mieux dans le meilleur des mondes possibles\u00a0\u00bb. Candide retrouve finalement Cun\u00e9gonde et choisit de vivre une vie simple, concluant que \u00ab\u00a0il faut cultiver notre jardin\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Quel est le message de Candide de Voltaire ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Candide est une critique satirique de la philosophie de l&rsquo;optimisme incarn\u00e9e par le personnage de Pangloss. Voltaire utilise le personnage de Candide et ses tribulations pour montrer que le monde est souvent cruel et injuste, contrairement \u00e0 ce que soutient la philosophie optimiste. Par cette d\u00e9monstration, Voltaire cherche \u00e0 encourager les lecteurs \u00e0 \u00eatre r\u00e9alistes et pragmatiques, plut\u00f4t qu&rsquo;id\u00e9alistes et na\u00effs. Le message final de Candide est que nous devons travailler et \u00ab\u00a0cultiver notre jardin\u00a0\u00bb, au lieu de chercher \u00e0 comprendre le grand dessein de l&rsquo;univers.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Quelle est la conclusion de Voltaire dans Candide ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>La conclusion de Voltaire dans Candide est exprim\u00e9e par le c\u00e9l\u00e8bre aphorisme \u00ab\u00a0il faut cultiver notre jardin\u00a0\u00bb. Apr\u00e8s avoir travers\u00e9 de nombreuses \u00e9preuves et tribulations, Candide et ses compagnons se retirent pour vivre une vie simple et laborieuse. Voltaire sugg\u00e8re ainsi que la meilleure fa\u00e7on de vivre est de se concentrer sur notre travail et nos responsabilit\u00e9s imm\u00e9diates, plut\u00f4t que de se perdre dans des sp\u00e9culations philosophiques ou th\u00e9ologiques.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">De quoi \u00e7a parle Candide ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>C&rsquo;est un conte philosophique de 1759 qui suit les voyages de Candide, un jeune homme na\u00eff. Chass\u00e9 de son ch\u00e2teau, il d\u00e9couvre la violence du monde : la guerre, l&rsquo;Inquisition \u00e0 Lisbonne ou l&rsquo;esclavage \u00e0 Surinam. Son p\u00e9riple remet en cause la philosophie optimiste de son ma\u00eetre Pangloss et se conclut par une c\u00e9l\u00e8bre morale.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\"> Pourquoi Voltaire a \u00e9crit ce livre ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Voltaire \u00e9crit ce conte pour parodier la philosophie de l&rsquo;Optimisme du savant Leibniz. Apr\u00e8s le s\u00e9isme de Lisbonne en 1755, il d\u00e9nonce l&rsquo;id\u00e9e que \u00ab\u00a0tout est pour le mieux\u00a0\u00bb. Il utilise une histoire fictive pour critiquer la soci\u00e9t\u00e9, le fanatisme et l&rsquo;injustice sans subir la censure.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Voltaire critique quoi exactement dans son livre ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Voltaire d\u00e9nonce plusieurs fl\u00e9aux de son temps \u00e0 travers les malheurs de Candide. Il vise l&rsquo;absurdit\u00e9 de la guerre (chapitre 3), le fanatisme religieux avec l&rsquo;autodaf\u00e9 de Lisbonne (chapitre 6) et la cruaut\u00e9 de l&rsquo;esclavage via le personnage du \u00ab\u00a0n\u00e8gre de Surinam\u00a0\u00bb (chapitre 19).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">\u00c7a veut dire quoi, la fameuse phrase \u00ab\u00a0il faut cultiver notre jardin\u00a0\u00bb ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Cette phrase est une m\u00e9taphore et la conclusion du conte. Le jardin symbolise le monde \u00e0 notre \u00e9chelle. Voltaire sugg\u00e8re d&rsquo;abandonner les grands d\u00e9bats philosophiques st\u00e9riles pour se concentrer sur une action concr\u00e8te et locale, source d&rsquo;un bonheur simple et r\u00e9el.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;242189&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;227&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;4.4&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;4.4\\\/5 - (227 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Fiche de lecture : Candide de Voltaire r\u00e9sum\u00e9 \ud83d\udcda&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;125.1&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 125.1px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            4.4\/5 - (227 votes)    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00ab\u00a0Tout va pour le mieux dans le meilleur des mondes\u00a0\u00bb, cette phrase c\u00e9l\u00e8bre de Candide semble pleine d\u2019optimisme, (&#8230;)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":158,"featured_media":307275,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"footnotes":""},"category":[803,806],"tag":[565,79,496],"class_list":["post-242189","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apprendre-matiere","category-lettres","tag-fiche-de-lecture","tag-lycee","tag-tags-de-niveau"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/242189","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/158"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=242189"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/242189\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/307275"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=242189"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category?post=242189"},{"taxonomy":"tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag?post=242189"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}