{"id":237743,"date":"2022-06-02T17:13:51","date_gmt":"2022-06-02T15:13:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/?p=237743"},"modified":"2025-09-29T11:27:55","modified_gmt":"2025-09-29T09:27:55","slug":"espace-vectoriel-de-dimension-finie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/espace-vectoriel-de-dimension-finie\/","title":{"rendered":"Fiche de cours : l&rsquo;espace vectoriel de dimension finie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Qu&rsquo;est-ce qu&rsquo;un <strong>espace vectoriel de dimension finie<\/strong> ? Comment montrer qu&rsquo;un espace vectoriel est de dimension finie ? Autant de questions auxquelles nous allons r\u00e9pondre dans ce cours de math\u00e9matiques sur l&rsquo;espace vectoriel de dimension finie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Si tu rencontres des difficult\u00e9s avec la dimension des espaces vectoriels, sache qu&rsquo;un <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/maths\">cours particulier de maths<\/a><\/strong> peut t&rsquo;aider \u00e0 tout remettre en ordre. \ud83d\udd22<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:18px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" class=\"underline\">Th\u00e9or\u00e8me<\/span> :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\nSoit <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-764e1c770271f92700e1a4fbce46c668_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/> un <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3080e0ba24b7356a2a94263a10b2c380_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#75;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>-espace vectoriel de dimension finie non r\u00e9duit au vecteur nul. Toutes les bases de <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-764e1c770271f92700e1a4fbce46c668_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/> ont le m\u00eame nombre d&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e9ments.\n\n\n\n<p><strong>D\u00e9monstration<\/strong> <strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\nSoient <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e73860a5c2a65d80dda46b04e610e227_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#40;&#101;&#95;&#49;&#44;&#46;&#46;&#46;&#44;&#101;&#95;&#110;&#41;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"76\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/> et <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-8aa664b6bdefe1a8f1304629b32d4856_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#40;&#102;&#95;&#49;&#44;&#46;&#46;&#46;&#44;&#32;&#102;&#95;&#112;&#41;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"20\" width=\"75\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"\/> deux bases de <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-764e1c770271f92700e1a4fbce46c668_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>. \n<li> La famille <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-8aa664b6bdefe1a8f1304629b32d4856_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#40;&#102;&#95;&#49;&#44;&#46;&#46;&#46;&#44;&#32;&#102;&#95;&#112;&#41;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"20\" width=\"75\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"\/> est g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice de <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-764e1c770271f92700e1a4fbce46c668_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>, donc, la famille libre <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e73860a5c2a65d80dda46b04e610e227_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#40;&#101;&#95;&#49;&#44;&#46;&#46;&#46;&#44;&#101;&#95;&#110;&#41;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"76\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/> poss\u00e8de au plus <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3bf85f1087e9fbed3a319341134ac1a2_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#112;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"10\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> vecteurs. Donc <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-b0cd114d68158d68cf446f03491ba38e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#110;&#32;&#92;&#108;&#101;&#113;&#32;&#112;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"43\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/>. <\/li>\n<li> De m\u00eame, la famille <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e73860a5c2a65d80dda46b04e610e227_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#40;&#101;&#95;&#49;&#44;&#46;&#46;&#46;&#44;&#101;&#95;&#110;&#41;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"76\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/> est g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice de <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-764e1c770271f92700e1a4fbce46c668_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/> et la famille <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-8aa664b6bdefe1a8f1304629b32d4856_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#40;&#102;&#95;&#49;&#44;&#46;&#46;&#46;&#44;&#32;&#102;&#95;&#112;&#41;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"20\" width=\"75\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"\/> est libre, donc <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-8a9aea9391effb08e6d796362bd8f92c_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#112;&#32;&#92;&#108;&#101;&#113;&#32;&#110;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"45\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/>. <\/li>\nAinsi, <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-6c6707937805109a6a28215f15e92dd7_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#110;&#61;&#112;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"43\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> et les deux bases consid\u00e9r\u00e9es ont le m\u00eame nombre d&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e9ments.\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:31px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udccd<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" class=\"underline\">D\u00e9finition<\/span> : Dimension<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<li> Soit <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-764e1c770271f92700e1a4fbce46c668_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/> un <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3080e0ba24b7356a2a94263a10b2c380_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#75;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>-espace vectoriel de dimension finie non r\u00e9duit au vecteur nul. On appelle dimension de <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-764e1c770271f92700e1a4fbce46c668_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>, et on note <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-04e5804025569dfd5bd747e29a2b3fef_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#100;&#105;&#109;&#95;&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#75;&#125;&#40;&#69;&#41;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"69\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/> ou <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d35351dbe5791c864922bc4ec1da4852_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#100;&#105;&#109;&#40;&#69;&#41;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"58\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/>, le nombre de vecteurs d&rsquo;une de ses bases. <\/li>\n<li> Par convention, lorsque <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-a464553184fcff7945e970cd4e68f15d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#92;&#123;&#48;&#95;&#69;&#92;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"75\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/>, on pose <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-670800485daa1f6a73be94ef68ad8e29_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#100;&#105;&#109;&#95;&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#75;&#125;&#40;&#69;&#41;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#100;&#105;&#109;&#40;&#69;&#41;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#48;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"185\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/>. <\/li>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1 Conseils m\u00e9thodologiques<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Pour montrer qu&rsquo;un espace vectoriel E est de dimension finie et d\u00e9terminer sa dimension, on d\u00e9termine une base de E. Par cons\u00e9quent, E est de dimension finie (en effet, il existe une famille g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice finie de E) et dim(E) est \u00e9gale au nombre de vecteurs de la base trouv\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/livre-maths-mpsi-vuibert-751x1024.jpg\" alt=\"livre maths mpsi vuibert\" class=\"wp-image-216756\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:10%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:60%\"><section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Cet article est extrait de l&rsquo;ouvrage <em>Maths MPSI-MP2I. Tout-en-un : cours, m\u00e9thodes, entra\u00eenement et corrig\u00e9s <\/em>(\u00e9ditions Vuibert, juin 2021) \u00e9crit par <em>E. Thomas, S. Bellec, G. Boutard. ISBN n\u00b09782311408720<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;237743&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;3&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;5\\\/5 - (3 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Fiche de cours : l\\u0026#039;espace vectoriel de dimension finie&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;142.5&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 142.5px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            5\/5 - (3 votes)    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Qu&rsquo;est-ce qu&rsquo;un espace vectoriel de dimension finie ? Comment montrer qu&rsquo;un espace vectoriel est de dimension finie ? (&#8230;)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":158,"featured_media":237784,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"footnotes":""},"category":[803,810],"tag":[770,78,345],"class_list":["post-237743","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apprendre-matiere","category-maths","tag-fiche-revision","tag-prepa","tag-prepa-scientifique"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/237743","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/158"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=237743"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/237743\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/237784"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=237743"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category?post=237743"},{"taxonomy":"tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag?post=237743"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}