{"id":236110,"date":"2022-07-08T14:58:17","date_gmt":"2022-07-08T12:58:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/?p=236110"},"modified":"2025-09-29T11:46:11","modified_gmt":"2025-09-29T09:46:11","slug":"definition-d-un-espace-vectoriel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/definition-d-un-espace-vectoriel\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu&rsquo;est-ce qu&rsquo;un espace vectoriel ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Si tu cherches la <strong>d\u00e9finition d&rsquo;un espace vectoriel<\/strong>, c&rsquo;est ici ! Tu trouveras \u00e9galement des propositions math\u00e9matiques de base ainsi que des conseils m\u00e9thodologiques pour r\u00e9ussir ta prochaine interro \u00e0 coup s\u00fbr. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ce cours, apprends tout ce qu&rsquo;il y a \u00e0 savoir sur l&rsquo;espace vectoriel !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Avant de te lancer dans ton prochain devoir sur les vecteurs, renforce tes connaissances avec l&rsquo;aide d&rsquo;un <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/maths\">Sherpa expert en math\u00e9matiques<\/a><\/strong>, pour une ma\u00eetrise parfaite. \u2728<\/p>\n\n\n\n\nNB : Dans tout le chapitre, <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3080e0ba24b7356a2a94263a10b2c380_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#75;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/> d\u00e9signe le corps <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-a6e421454947c585b8fb5ae10299f873_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#82;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"13\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/> ou <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-68da13602f004ced593a0442bca3f363_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#67;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"13\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>.\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udccd<strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" class=\"underline\">D\u00e9finition<\/span> : Espace vectoriel<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\nSoit <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-764e1c770271f92700e1a4fbce46c668_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/> ensemble muni : \n<li> d&rsquo;une <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/loi-de-composition-interne\/\">loi de composition interne<\/a> not\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0+\u00a0\u00bb : c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire, une application :\n<p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 13px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-5e08ac06f3497a15b21cef730e9a2e33_l3.png\" height=\"13\" width=\"92\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#091;&#69;&#32;&#92;&#116;&#105;&#109;&#101;&#115;&#32;&#69;&#32;&#92;&#114;&#105;&#103;&#104;&#116;&#97;&#114;&#114;&#111;&#119;&#32;&#69;&#92;&#093;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 19px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-1c38eeb45110829b26238cc0543393aa_l3.png\" height=\"19\" width=\"108\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#091;&#40;&#117;&#44;&#118;&#41;&#32;&#92;&#109;&#97;&#112;&#115;&#116;&#111;&#32;&#117;&#43;&#118;&#92;&#093;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p>\nCette loi est aussi appel\u00e9e addition.<\/li>\n<li> d&rsquo;une loi externe not\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0.\u00a0\u00bb : c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire, une application :\n<p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 13px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-bb8524c4b4ec1b69c5ca214be1cbbd64_l3.png\" height=\"13\" width=\"91\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#091;&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#75;&#125;&#32;&#92;&#116;&#105;&#109;&#101;&#115;&#32;&#69;&#32;&#92;&#114;&#105;&#103;&#104;&#116;&#97;&#114;&#114;&#111;&#119;&#32;&#69;&#92;&#093;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 19px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-eeeaed0dbd8dd37808df06a351d17d15_l3.png\" height=\"19\" width=\"98\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#091;&#40;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#44;&#117;&#41;&#32;&#92;&#109;&#97;&#112;&#115;&#116;&#111;&#32;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#117;&#46;&#92;&#093;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p>\nCette loi est aussi appel\u00e9e multiplication par un scalaire.<\/li>\n<br> On dit que (<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-764e1c770271f92700e1a4fbce46c668_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>,+,.) est un <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3080e0ba24b7356a2a94263a10b2c380_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#75;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>-espace vectoriel (ou <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3080e0ba24b7356a2a94263a10b2c380_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#75;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>-ev) lorsque :\n<li> (<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-764e1c770271f92700e1a4fbce46c668_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>,+) est un groupe ab\u00e9lien.<\/li>\n<li> La loi \u00ab\u00a0.\u00a0\u00bb est distributive par rapport \u00e0 l&rsquo;addition de <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-764e1c770271f92700e1a4fbce46c668_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/> :\n<br> <p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 22px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-2591b8449057ed49b5cf0969cfafa288_l3.png\" height=\"22\" width=\"335\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#091;&#92;&#102;&#111;&#114;&#97;&#108;&#108;&#32;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#75;&#125;&#44;&#32;&#92;&#102;&#111;&#114;&#97;&#108;&#108;&#32;&#40;&#117;&#44;&#118;&#41;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#110;&#32;&#69;&#94;&#50;&#44;&#32;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#40;&#117;&#43;&#118;&#41;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#117;&#32;&#43;&#32;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#118;&#46;&#92;&#093;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p> <\/li>\n<li> la loi \u00ab\u00a0.\u00a0\u00bb est distributive par rapport \u00e0 l&rsquo;addition de <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3080e0ba24b7356a2a94263a10b2c380_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#75;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/> :\n<br> <p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 22px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0a684241d1a7da339cfd667edb482d31_l3.png\" height=\"22\" width=\"339\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#091;&#92;&#102;&#111;&#114;&#97;&#108;&#108;&#32;&#40;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#44;&#92;&#109;&#117;&#41;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#75;&#125;&#94;&#50;&#44;&#32;&#92;&#102;&#111;&#114;&#97;&#108;&#108;&#32;&#117;&#92;&#105;&#110;&#32;&#69;&#44;&#32;&#40;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#43;&#92;&#109;&#117;&#46;&#117;&#41;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#117;&#32;&#43;&#32;&#92;&#109;&#117;&#46;&#117;&#46;&#92;&#093;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p> <\/li>\n<li> Pour tout <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-b174bcf6deec655c5c619edd60ccb70a_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#40;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#44;&#92;&#109;&#117;&#41;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#75;&#125;&#94;&#50;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"20\" width=\"84\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/> et <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-77ffa65f1c91f88cb294958732d99917_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#117;&#92;&#105;&#110;&#32;&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"46\" style=\"vertical-align: -1px;\"\/>, on a : <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0ad18869c30bc634b057be1ab08e3052_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#40;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#92;&#116;&#105;&#109;&#101;&#115;&#92;&#109;&#117;&#41;&#46;&#117;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#40;&#92;&#109;&#117;&#46;&#117;&#41;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"148\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/>.<\/li>\n<li> 1 v\u00e9rifie : <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-76b16cadb65aed28a5a4efe3e69c89a3_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#102;&#111;&#114;&#97;&#108;&#108;&#32;&#117;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#110;&#32;&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"56\" style=\"vertical-align: -1px;\"\/>, <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-a2c26a7a2bed564bbae3cf55ee10934b_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#49;&#46;&#117;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#117;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"57\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udccd<strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" class=\"underline\">D\u00e9finition<\/span><\/strong> <strong>:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n\nLes \u00e9l\u00e9ments de <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-764e1c770271f92700e1a4fbce46c668_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/> sont appel\u00e9s vecteurs et les \u00e9l\u00e9ments de <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3080e0ba24b7356a2a94263a10b2c380_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#75;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/> sont appel\u00e9s scalaires.\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Remarques : <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<li> Pour all\u00e9ger les notations, on \u00e9crit parfois <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-764e1c770271f92700e1a4fbce46c668_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/> au lieu de (<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-764e1c770271f92700e1a4fbce46c668_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>,+,.), et, s&rsquo;il n&rsquo;y a pas d&rsquo;ambigu\u00eft\u00e9 sur le corps <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3080e0ba24b7356a2a94263a10b2c380_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#75;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>, on dit que <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-764e1c770271f92700e1a4fbce46c668_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/> est un espace vectoriel.<\/li>\n<li> L&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e9ment neutre pour la loi + est not\u00e9 <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-aab7f0f132ae41a6da951e751fbf39f2_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#48;&#95;&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"20\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/> et est appel\u00e9 <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-368653a31b937fe3476166ba104069a3_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#118;&#101;&#99;&#116;&#101;&#117;&#114;&#92;&#58;&#110;&#117;&#108;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"88\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>.<\/li>\n<li> Par d\u00e9finition, (<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-764e1c770271f92700e1a4fbce46c668_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>,+) est un groupe. Pour tout <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-5ab44f7db61e5503dc20d29422c5144b_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#120;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#110;&#32;&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"46\" style=\"vertical-align: -1px;\"\/>, il existe donc un unique vecteur <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-7cd07c25ed2757a6c93e07d6de9a3c3d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#120;&#39;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#110;&#32;&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"50\" style=\"vertical-align: -1px;\"\/> tel que <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e1d08f540f7da6b216192e89447ca343_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#120;&#43;&#120;&#39;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#120;&#39;&#43;&#120;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#48;&#95;&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"17\" width=\"160\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/>. On note <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f7adfcc215239412a51fec8c667684cd_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#120;&#39;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#45;&#120;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"14\" width=\"62\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/> et on dit que <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-28c8a05351031c2103cbe2b72727a189_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#120;&#39;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"14\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/> est <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-532b34bc133d32201b88bd544dfc31d5_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#108;&#39;&#111;&#112;&#112;&#111;&#115;&eacute;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"62\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> du vecteur <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-ede05c264bba0eda080918aaa09c4658_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#120;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"8\" width=\"10\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/> (pour la loi +).<\/li>\n<li> Pour x et y deux vecteurs, on note <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d966895109936c9491dd1e1b66254d7b_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#120;&#45;&#121;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#120;&#43;&#40;&#45;&#121;&#41;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"133\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Exemple :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\nL&rsquo;ensemble <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-9364ff6381a2c94a1275e7a1ac1ab35e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#82;&#125;&#94;&#50;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"20\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/> des couples <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-25b63575a0c7f874ca1c19f08397c027_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#40;&#120;&#95;&#49;&#44;&#120;&#95;&#50;&#41;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"55\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/> de r\u00e9els <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-01a7b7b5dca66cb33a1207e1f39c1140_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#120;&#95;&#49;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"11\" width=\"16\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/> et <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f1cd6be340b4fce14489cf5b565a169e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#120;&#95;&#50;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"11\" width=\"17\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/> est muni des op\u00e9rations suivantes : pour tous vecteurs <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f78774357c234f23dee6c7113d138c4e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#40;&#120;&#95;&#49;&#44;&#120;&#95;&#50;&#41;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#82;&#125;&#94;&#50;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"20\" width=\"98\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/> et <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4d0e684c3fb480e3982c7a6835be673f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#40;&#121;&#95;&#49;&#44;&#121;&#95;&#50;&#41;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#82;&#125;&#94;&#50;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"20\" width=\"95\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/>, et tout scalaire <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3d3a847f8dda9c0aa8864c746d726bf9_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#82;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"45\" style=\"vertical-align: -1px;\"\/>,\n<p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 19px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-5fea711565b89544341dbefe1ba51350_l3.png\" height=\"19\" width=\"500\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#091;&#40;&#120;&#95;&#49;&#44;&#120;&#95;&#50;&#41;&#32;&#43;&#32;&#40;&#121;&#95;&#49;&#44;&#121;&#95;&#50;&#41;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#40;&#120;&#95;&#49;&#43;&#121;&#95;&#49;&#44;&#120;&#95;&#50;&#43;&#121;&#95;&#50;&#41;&#92;&#101;&#110;&#115;&#112;&#97;&#99;&#101;&#32;&#101;&#116;&#92;&#101;&#110;&#115;&#112;&#97;&#99;&#101;&#32;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#40;&#120;&#95;&#49;&#44;&#120;&#95;&#50;&#41;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#40;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#32;&#120;&#95;&#49;&#44;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#32;&#120;&#95;&#50;&#41;&#46;&#92;&#093;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p>\nOn v\u00e9rifie alors que <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-83ad06eb764cd29a14754454f39c676b_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#40;&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#82;&#125;&#94;&#50;&#44;&#43;&#44;&#46;&#41;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"20\" width=\"67\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/> est un <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-a6e421454947c585b8fb5ae10299f873_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#82;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"13\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>-espace vectoriel et que son vecteur nul est = <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-16d8c7b375d522bb4e3ee3cc6697836e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#48;&#95;&#123;&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#82;&#125;&#94;&#50;&#125;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#40;&#48;&#44;&#48;&#41;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"88\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/>.\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udca1<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" class=\"underline\">Conseils m\u00e9thodologiques<\/span> :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\nLa notion d&rsquo;espace vectoriel est une notion abstraite. Pour se l&rsquo;approprier et comprendre les concepts, on s&rsquo;appuie largement sur des illustrations dans <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-9364ff6381a2c94a1275e7a1ac1ab35e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#82;&#125;&#94;&#50;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"20\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>, ou dans <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f2bf7f43f18e7cd8c0e05ae4745dc288_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#82;&#125;&#94;&#51;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"20\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>.\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Exemple<\/strong> <strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le sch\u00e9ma suivant illustre l&rsquo;associativit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;addition de <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-764e1c770271f92700e1a4fbce46c668_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"734\" height=\"242\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Capture-decran-2022-06-27-a-15.31.24.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-236246\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Le sch\u00e9ma suivant illustre la distributivit\u00e9 de la multiplication externe par rapport \u00e0 l\u2019addition de <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-764e1c770271f92700e1a4fbce46c668_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"687\" height=\"184\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Capture-decran-2022-06-27-a-15.32.40.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-236247\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u261d\ufe0f<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" class=\"underline\">Proposition<\/span> :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>D\u00e9monstration :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\nSoit (<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-764e1c770271f92700e1a4fbce46c668_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>,+,.) un <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3080e0ba24b7356a2a94263a10b2c380_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#75;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>-espace vectoriel. Pour tous <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-77ffa65f1c91f88cb294958732d99917_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#117;&#92;&#105;&#110;&#32;&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"46\" style=\"vertical-align: -1px;\"\/> et <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-175599045e633ea02f7bea3a43e95a09_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#105;&#110;&#32;&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#75;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"46\" style=\"vertical-align: -1px;\"\/>, on a :\n<li> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-07ec9704139ecd3cafe8cbd54666d38d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#48;&#46;&#117;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#48;&#95;&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"68\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/> ;<\/li>\n<li> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-a37e65a4314c4a8ed7b685460c8a96f0_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#48;&#95;&#69;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#48;&#95;&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"79\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/> ;<\/li>\n<li> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f6336a013522583f3f310adabf86a45f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#40;&#45;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#41;&#46;&#117;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#40;&#45;&#117;&#41;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#45;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#117;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"191\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/> ;<\/li> \n<li> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-435bfb6dacbc21d99dd5439fafd2dfee_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#117;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#48;&#95;&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"69\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/> si, et seulement si, <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-dda098fd48544344686cb6968a131c1d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#48;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"43\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/> ou <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-ddb93493432be88e66bc0eb5545bb470_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#117;&#61;&#48;&#95;&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"54\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/>. <\/li>\n\n\n\n\n<li> Par distributivit\u00e9, on a : <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-7d39894f85cec79cff63613898ce102d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#48;&#46;&#117;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#40;&#48;&#43;&#48;&#41;&#46;&#117;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#48;&#46;&#117;&#32;&#43;&#32;&#48;&#46;&#117;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"209\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/>. Donc, en ajoutant <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e650337c45112e26b034db35bd4d5890_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#45;&#48;&#46;&#117;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"37\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/> de part et d&rsquo;autre  de l&rsquo;\u00e9galit\u00e9, il vient <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-07ec9704139ecd3cafe8cbd54666d38d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#48;&#46;&#117;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#48;&#95;&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"68\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/>. <\/li>\n<li> Par distributivit\u00e9, on a : <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-79fbe0f87da48be1b313423bb8880dec_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#48;&#95;&#69;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#40;&#48;&#95;&#69;&#43;&#48;&#95;&#69;&#41;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#48;&#95;&#69;&#32;&#43;&#32;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#48;&#95;&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"267\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/>. Donc, en ajoutant <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-7b88bec7bb23a2dec23bcc994350c847_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#45;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#48;&#95;&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"48\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/> de part et d&rsquo;autre  de l&rsquo;\u00e9galit\u00e9, il vient <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-a37e65a4314c4a8ed7b685460c8a96f0_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#48;&#95;&#69;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#48;&#95;&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"79\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/>. <\/li>\n<li> On a : <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-1218388980459f2cbe3a5c6afe3c0e99_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#40;&#45;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#41;&#46;&#117;&#32;&#43;&#32;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#117;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#40;&#45;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#32;&#43;&#32;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#41;&#46;&#117;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#48;&#46;&#117;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#48;&#95;&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"299\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/>. Donc, par unicit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;oppos\u00e9, <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-46b3c168ca95cbc881d428989340d01f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#40;&#45;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#41;&#46;&#117;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#45;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#117;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"115\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/>.\n<br> L&rsquo;\u00e9galit\u00e9 <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-945f2c54bbfd938d7d4f9c7a21cc3da6_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#40;&#45;&#117;&#41;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#117;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"102\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/> se montre de la m\u00eame mani\u00e8re.<\/li>\n<li> L&rsquo;implication r\u00e9ciproque est une cons\u00e9quence des deux premiers points.\n<br> Montrons l&rsquo;implication directe. On suppose que <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-435bfb6dacbc21d99dd5439fafd2dfee_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#117;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#48;&#95;&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"69\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/>.\n<br> &#8211; Cas 1 : <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-dda098fd48544344686cb6968a131c1d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#48;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"43\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>. Il n&rsquo;y a rien \u00e0 faire.\n<br> &#8211; Cas 2 : <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-6c24db0abf27b94cdbdb870e8d6a6530_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#32;&#92;&#110;&#101;&#32;&#48;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"17\" width=\"43\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/>. On a <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-696070aa8cbd030a2dc41dc2192d0d59_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#117;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#92;&#102;&#114;&#97;&#99;&#123;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#125;&#123;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#125;&#46;&#117;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#92;&#102;&#114;&#97;&#99;&#123;&#49;&#125;&#123;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#125;&#46;&#40;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#46;&#117;&#41;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#92;&#102;&#114;&#97;&#99;&#123;&#49;&#125;&#123;&#92;&#108;&#97;&#109;&#98;&#100;&#97;&#125;&#46;&#48;&#95;&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"22\" width=\"201\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"\/>. Donc, <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-ddb93493432be88e66bc0eb5545bb470_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#117;&#61;&#48;&#95;&#69;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"54\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/>.\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:30%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/livre-maths-mpsi-vuibert-751x1024.jpg\" alt=\"livre maths mpsi vuibert\" class=\"wp-image-216756\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:10%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:60%\"><section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Cet article est extrait de l&rsquo;ouvrage <em>Maths MPSI-MP2I. Tout-en-un : cours, m\u00e9thodes, entra\u00eenement et corrig\u00e9s <\/em>(\u00e9ditions Vuibert, juin 2021) \u00e9crit par <em>E. Thomas, S. Bellec, G. Boutard. ISBN n\u00b09782311408720<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;236110&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;5\\\/5 - (1 vote)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Qu\\u0026#039;est-ce qu\\u0026#039;un espace vectoriel ?&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;142.5&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 142.5px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            5\/5 - (1 vote)    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Si tu cherches la d\u00e9finition d&rsquo;un espace vectoriel, c&rsquo;est ici ! Tu trouveras \u00e9galement des propositions math\u00e9matiques de (&#8230;)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":158,"featured_media":236345,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"footnotes":""},"category":[803,810],"tag":[78,345],"class_list":["post-236110","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apprendre-matiere","category-maths","tag-prepa","tag-prepa-scientifique"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/236110","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/158"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=236110"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/236110\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/236345"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=236110"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category?post=236110"},{"taxonomy":"tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag?post=236110"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}