{"id":226715,"date":"2022-05-18T20:07:03","date_gmt":"2022-05-18T18:07:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/?p=226715"},"modified":"2025-02-12T17:09:14","modified_gmt":"2025-02-12T16:09:14","slug":"la-place-de-lue-dans-le-monde","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/la-place-de-lue-dans-le-monde\/","title":{"rendered":"La place de l&#8217;Union europ\u00e9enne dans le monde \ud83c\uddea\ud83c\uddfa"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>L\u2019union europ\u00e9enne est n\u00e9e dans <strong>un contexte de guerre froide<\/strong>. C\u2019est d\u2019abord un projet de paix entre les pays membres au lendemain de la <strong>Seconde Guerre mondiale<\/strong>, afin d\u2019\u00e9viter un nouveau conflit. L\u2019id\u00e9e s\u2019est ensuite rapidement transform\u00e9e en <strong>une union \u00e9conomique, politique et culturelle<\/strong>. Un espace unique et solidaire entre les \u00c9tats qui en sont membres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans cet article, on tente de d\u00e9crypter <strong>la place de l\u2019UE dans le monde<\/strong> et son poids dans la mondialisation. Let\u2019s gooo \ud83d\udc4a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La place de l\u2019UE dans le monde : introduction \ud83c\udf0d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Lors de sa cr\u00e9ation apr\u00e8s <strong>le trait\u00e9 de Maastricht de 1992<\/strong>, l\u2019Europe met en \u0153uvre des politiques qui cherchent \u00e0 r\u00e9duire les d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibres de d\u00e9veloppement entre les pays et \u00e0 valoriser le poids des territoires europ\u00e9ens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Son organisation est r\u00e9gie par des Institutions communes et supranationales, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire, une autorit\u00e9 sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 celle des nations membres de l\u2019UE. Les 27 \u00c9tats membres de l\u2019Europe se sont accord\u00e9s pour \u00e9tablir<strong> 4 libert\u00e9s de circulation <\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udccc La libert\u00e9 de circulation des marchandises<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udccc La libert\u00e9 de circulation des Hommes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udccc La libert\u00e9 de circulation des capitaux<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udccc La libert\u00e9 de circulation des services<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne est<strong> bien plac\u00e9e g\u00e9ographiquement<\/strong>, c\u2019est un carrefour commercial mondial, notamment en raison de <strong>ses fa\u00e7ades maritimes<\/strong> au Nord et en M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e. Ces fa\u00e7ades sont valoris\u00e9es par de nombreux espaces portuaires, faisant de l\u2019UE <strong>la premi\u00e8re puissance \u00e9conomique et commerciale au monde.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>La cr\u00e9ation de l\u2019union europ\u00e9enne c\u2019est aussi <strong>l\u2019accord Schengen<\/strong> qui a abouti \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un espace \u00e9conomique vou\u00e9 au<strong> libre-\u00e9change<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cet accord fait partie des 3 principaux objectifs de l\u2019UE :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u2019effacement des fronti\u00e8res internes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Le renforcement des fronti\u00e8res externes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La mise en place d\u2019un espace mon\u00e9taire unique et d\u2019une monnaie commune<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/PQYxLcDefqJWVgrylr\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Un homme dispara\u00eet.\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Les fronti\u00e8res internes qui disparaissent<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 Le savais-tu ?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Il ne faut pas confondre <strong>l\u2019Association europ\u00e9enne de libre-\u00e9change<\/strong> (AELE) et l<strong>\u2019espace \u00e9conomique europ\u00e9en<\/strong> (EEE).<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 L\u2019AELE est une <strong>union \u00e9conomique douani\u00e8re<\/strong>, les pays membres fixent eux-m\u00eames les tarifs douaniers et leur politique commerciale. Ils ne font pas tous partie de l\u2019UE.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 L\u2019EEE est un <strong>accord \u00e9conomique<\/strong> entre les pays membres de l\u2019UE et les membres de l\u2019AELE pour leur permettre de participer au march\u00e9 int\u00e9rieur de l\u2019UE. Il comprend entre autres, la Norv\u00e8ge, l\u2019Islande et le Liechtenstein.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Aujourd\u2019hui, la place de l\u2019UE dans le monde est tr\u00e8s importante. Elle est au <strong>centre de l\u2019\u00e9conomie mondiale<\/strong> et produit pr\u00e8s de <strong>30 % des richesses mondiales. <\/strong>L\u2019association des 27 pays membres leur permet de d\u00e9passer les \u00c9tats-Unis, le Japon ou la Chine sur le plan \u00e9conomique.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est principalement dans ce but qu\u2019elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9e. <strong>Les petits pays ne pouvaient pas faire le poids en restant seuls<\/strong>, tandis qu\u2019ensemble ils peuvent d\u00e9sormais rivaliser face aux g\u00e9ants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne repr\u00e9sente <strong>35 % des exportations mondiales.<\/strong> L\u2019essentiel du commerce en dehors de l\u2019UE se fait avec l\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Nord et l\u2019Asie du Sud-Est. Ensemble, ces trois r\u00e9gions forment ce qu\u2019on appelle <strong>La Triade <\/strong>qui domine le monde \u00e9conomique.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>Dans cet article on ne s&#8217;attardera pas sur l&#8217;histoire de l&#8217;Europe, si tu veux aller plus loin vient lire notre article sur <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/10-dates-construction-europeenne\/\"  rel=\"noopener\">la construction de l&#8217;Europe<\/a> ! \ud83d\ude07<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Poids de l\u2019UE dans le monde : quelques chiffres \ud83e\uddee<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019union europ\u00e9enne aujourd\u2019hui c\u2019est :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>~466 millions d\u2019habitants<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.insee.fr\/fr\/statistiques\/5371215?sommaire=5371304\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Un haut niveau de vie<\/a> (~20.000\u20ac\/an)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Un pouvoir d\u2019achat \u00e9lev\u00e9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00bc de la richesse mondiale<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Une forte capacit\u00e9 d\u2019import et d\u2019export<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<section class=\"like-dislike\">\n    <div class=\"like-dislike__item like-dislike__item--like\">\n        <div class=\"like-dislike__title\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/like.svg\" alt=\"like\">\n            <div>On aime beaucoup<\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"like-dislike__content\">\n                                                <div> 2\u00e8me PIB au monde (17,9%  en 2021 selon Eurostats)<\/div>\n                                    <div> 160 des 500 premi\u00e8res firmes transnationales (FTN) en 2019.<\/div>\n                                    <div>L\u2019euro est la deuxi\u00e8me monnaie la plus puissante au monde.<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"like-dislike__item like-dislike__item--dislike\">\n        <div class=\"like-dislike__title\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/dislike.svg\" alt=\"like\">\n            <div>On aime moins<\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"like-dislike__content\">\n                                                <div>Un espace au sein de l\u2019\u00e9conomie mondiale en recul continu<\/div>\n                                    <div>La plus faible croissance de la Triade : ~2\u2009% par an depuis 2008.<\/div>\n                                    <div>Un espace fragilis\u00e9 depuis le Brexit de 2020<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 Le savais-tu ?\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><strong>Le 1er Janvier 2020<\/strong>, le Royaume-Uni a quitt\u00e9 l\u2019Union Europ\u00e9enne. D\u00e9sormais la Carte d\u2019identit\u00e9 ne suffit plus pour entrer dans le pays, il faut \u00eatre muni d\u2019un passeport. L\u2019Europe perd pr\u00e8s de 60 Millions d\u2019habitants et avec eux un d\u00e9ficit de 60 milliard dans le budget pr\u00e9vu pour 2021-2027. \u00c9galement, dans le secteur de la finance, en perdant la City de Londres, la place de l\u2019UE est fragilis\u00e9e sur les march\u00e9s financiers.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycz9zdWJqZWN0PUclQzMlQTlvcG9saXRpcXVlJnNpZ251cD10cnVl\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"CPM1 G\u00e9opolitique\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Martin2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Martin<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">23\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jade2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jade<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Emilie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Emilie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Sophie2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Sophie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Bordeaux<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">12\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jeanne2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jeanne<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin d&#8217;un <span style=\"color: #4cc583;\">prof particulier<\/span> de g\u00e9opolitique ? <span role=\"image\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos Sherpas sont l\u00e0 pour t&#8217;aider \u00e0 progresser et prendre confiance en toi !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS GRATUIT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La premi\u00e8re puissance commerciale au monde \ud83c\udfc6<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Depuis sa cr\u00e9ation l\u2019Europe s\u2019est affirm\u00e9e comme <strong>un espace dynamique et puissant. <\/strong>Aujourd&#8217;hui, pr\u00e8s de <strong>70 %<\/strong> des \u00e9changes de l\u2019Union Europ\u00e9enne sont intracommunautaires (c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire entre les pays membres de l\u2019union.) <strong>Sa population est riche et fortement qualifi\u00e9e.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S&#8217;ajoute \u00e0 cela, <strong>son vaste r\u00e9seau de transport<\/strong>, la grande distribution du <strong>march\u00e9 int\u00e9rieur<\/strong>, son <strong>secteur bancaire<\/strong> et son <strong>tourisme<\/strong> permettent \u00e0 l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne de jouir d\u2019une <strong>forte attractivit\u00e9<\/strong> aupr\u00e8s des firmes transnationales.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sur le plan du commerce international, l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne est une pointure ! L\u2019UE est <strong>la seule repr\u00e9sentante des 27 \u00c9tats&nbsp;membres dans l\u2019organisation mondiale du commerce<\/strong> (OMC). Les \u00c9tats membres disposent donc d\u2019une seule voix, ce qui leur donne <strong>un poids majeur<\/strong> pour n\u00e9gocier des accords internationaux, notamment avec le Canada, le MERCOSUR (le march\u00e9 commun de l&#8217;Am\u00e9rique du Sud) et la Chine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Une puissance incompl\u00e8te ? \ud83e\udd14<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019Europe s\u2019est construite autour de valeurs humanistes, de d\u00e9mocratie et des droits de l\u2019Homme. N\u00e9anmoins, elle a exclu de sa construction un atout caract\u00e9ristique des puissances g\u00e9opolitiques traditionnelles : <strong>le<\/strong> <strong>hard power<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le<strong> Hard Power <\/strong>c\u2019est la capacit\u00e9 d&#8217;un corps politique \u00e0 imposer sa volont\u00e9 \u00e0 d&#8217;autres corps politiques \u00e0 l&#8217;aide de<strong> moyens militaires et \u00e9conomiques.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019UE a pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 se tourner vers son <strong>soft power<\/strong> bas\u00e9 sur ses valeurs comme l\u2019aide aux pays en d\u00e9veloppement, le d\u00e9veloppement durable, la lutte contre le changement climatique, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><strong>\ud83d\udca1 Le savais-tu ?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>On appelle le <strong><em>soft power<\/em><\/strong> la capacit\u00e9 que dispose un \u00c9tat \u00e0 influencer les relations internationales dans son propre int\u00e9r\u00eat sans recourir \u00e0 la force ou \u00e0 des moyens militaires. Le <strong><em>soft power<\/em><\/strong> renforce ainsi la l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 de l\u2019action internationale d\u2019un \u00c9tat<strong>.<\/strong> L\u2019influence du<strong><em> soft power <\/em><\/strong>s\u2019applique autant sur des adversaires que sur des alli\u00e9s et vise l\u2019ensemble des acteurs des relations internationales.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Le volet politique du trait\u00e9 de Maastricht pr\u00e9voyait <strong>une politique \u00e9trang\u00e8re et de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 commune <\/strong>(PESC) aujourd\u2019hui elle reste inachev\u00e9e. L\u2019Europe ne p\u00e8se pas \u00e0 l\u2019international d\u2019un point de vue diplomatique.<strong> L\u2019id\u00e9e d\u2019une d\u00e9fense europ\u00e9enne commune divise<\/strong> profond\u00e9ment ses \u00c9tats \u00e9tats membres. En effet, les \u00c9tats pr\u00e9f\u00e8rent mener une politique de promotion de la d\u00e9mocratie et des droits de l\u2019Homme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Le PESC permet aux \u00c9tats europ\u00e9ens de conserver <strong>une pleine souverainet\u00e9 sur leurs politiques \u00e9trang\u00e8res respectives<\/strong>, toutefois, elle offre aux 27 membres des moyens pour agir ensemble face \u00e0 <strong>des d\u00e9fis g\u00e9opolitiques communs.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Apr\u00e8s les guerres en Yougoslavie dans les ann\u00e9es 1990, les dirigeants europ\u00e9ens ont donn\u00e9 leur accord pour fonder une <strong>Politique europ\u00e9enne sp\u00e9cifique de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de d\u00e9fense <\/strong>(PESD) \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur du cadre de la <strong>PESC.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 La PESD pr\u00e9voit que l\u2019Europe puisse envoyer des unit\u00e9s polici\u00e8res et militaires vers des territoires en crise avec trois types de missions :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Des missions humanitaires et d\u2019\u00e9vacuation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Des missions de maintien de la paix<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Des missions pour la gestion des crises et le r\u00e9tablissement de la paix.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Malgr\u00e9 la mont\u00e9e des tensions entre les \u00c9tats-Unis et la Chine, la r\u00e9cente guerre entre la Russie et l\u2019Ukraine,<strong> l\u2019UE reste un acteur mineur.<\/strong> Les voix de ses \u00c9tatsmembres ont bien plus de poids<strong> individuellement<\/strong>, notamment celles de la France et de l\u2019Allemagne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Des divisions internes&nbsp;\u26a1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>La place de l\u2019UE dans le monde est incontestablement importante, mais son ascension s\u2019est faite <strong>au d\u00e9triment d\u2019une int\u00e9gration europ\u00e9enne uniforme.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Tous les membres de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne ne font pas partie de <strong>l\u2019espace Shenghen<\/strong> et <strong>huit pays ont choisi de ne pas adopter la monnaie unique.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 De m\u00eame, les \u00c9tats membres restent divis\u00e9s sur certains points,<strong> ils n\u2019ont pas tous la m\u00eame vision de l\u2019Europe.<\/strong> Les crises financi\u00e8res qui se sont succ\u00e9d\u00e9es depuis 2010 ont renforc\u00e9 une tendance de repli national.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En 2015, l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne est frapp\u00e9e par <strong>la crise migratoire li\u00e9e \u00e0 la guerre civile en Syrie<\/strong>. La gestion des migrants avait alors remis en cause \u00ab le principe de solidarit\u00e9 \u00bb entre les \u00c9tats&nbsp; membres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Certains pays d\u2019Europe Centrale et Orientale sont en faveur d\u2019une <strong>restriction migratoire<\/strong>. \u00c0 l\u2019inverse, les \u00c9tats m\u00e9diterran\u00e9ens souhaitent changer les r\u00e8gles d\u2019accueil des migrants pour <strong>mieux r\u00e9partir les populations sur le territoire europ\u00e9en.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/3oriNX4hd1kQH1gr9S\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"La Grande-Bretagne tire la langue \u00e0 l'Union Europ\u00e9enne.\"\/><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Plus r\u00e9cemment, face \u00e0 <strong>la mont\u00e9e de l\u2019euroscepticisme<\/strong> apr\u00e8s le <strong>Brexit<\/strong> de 2020, le couple franco-allemand cherche \u00e0 renforcer l\u2019int\u00e9gration europ\u00e9enne et la coh\u00e9sion entre les \u00c9tats membres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cet \u00e9lan de coh\u00e9sion s\u2019est illustr\u00e9 dans le cadre de la pand\u00e9mie de Covid-19 avec <strong>la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019une dette commune \u00e0 l\u2019ensemble des pays europ\u00e9ens<\/strong> ou encore, avec la gestion des vaccins \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle europ\u00e9enne.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Cependant, la crise sanitaire a \u00e9galement permis de souligner <strong>les difficult\u00e9s de fonctionnement de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne<\/strong>, puisque certains \u00c9tats d&#8217;Europe Centrale souhaiteraient une limitation de la coop\u00e9ration europ\u00e9enne, notamment sur les questions \u00e9conomiques.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 De leur c\u00f4t\u00e9, les citoyens ont r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement exprim\u00e9 l<strong>eur attachement \u00e0 la question de la construction europ\u00e9enne<\/strong>, n\u00e9anmoins ils critiquent r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement les institutions, soi-disant trop <strong>\u00e9loign\u00e9es du quotidien<\/strong> et dont la vision \u00e9conomique est jug\u00e9e <strong>trop lib\u00e9rale.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Une politique agricole commune \ud83d\udc04<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Les pays membres de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne jouissent d\u2019une <strong>politique agricole commune<\/strong> ou PAC. Elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 mise en place en <strong>1962 <\/strong>pour <strong>moderniser et assurer la comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 mondiale<\/strong> de l\u2019agriculture en Europe. Elle a engendr\u00e9 l\u2019agriculture productiviste et une concentration des exploitations agricoles. C\u2019est la plus vieille politique commune des pays de l\u2019UE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Elle est bas\u00e9e sur :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u2019unicit\u00e9 des prix<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence communautaire<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La solidarit\u00e9 financi\u00e8re<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>La PAC constitue encore aujourd\u2019hui pr\u00e8s de 45% du budget de l\u2019Europe. Elle dispose de l\u2019aide du <strong>fonds europ\u00e9en agricole pour le d\u00e9veloppement rural<\/strong> (FEADER).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Elle permet de financer et de d\u00e9velopper des espaces ruraux \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cart de la mondialisation. <br>N\u00e9anmoins, la PAC favorise <strong>la concentration et la cr\u00e9ation de grandes exploitations<\/strong>, elle peine \u00e0 assurer <strong>le maintien des petits exploitants,<\/strong> renfor\u00e7ant la d\u00e9sertification de certains espaces.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/xT5LMX3TE2yJjczaKI\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"La famille Simpson est devant un champ et Homer s'exclame :&quot;Let the agriculture begin !&quot;.\"\/><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Malgr\u00e9 des points n\u00e9gatifs, la PAC a permis \u00e0 l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne de se hisser \u00e0 l<strong>a premi\u00e8re place des puissances agricoles dans le monde.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 En 2019, la production agricole de l\u2019UE repr\u00e9sentait environ 418 milliards d\u2019euros, selon<a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/communique-eurostat-nov-2020-production-agricole.pdf\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\"> un rapport de la Commission europ\u00e9enne<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycz9zdWJqZWN0PUhpc3RvaXJlJnNpZ251cD10cnVl\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"CPM1 Histoire g\u00e9ographie\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Sophie2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Sophie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Bordeaux<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">12\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Cle\u0301mence2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Cl\u00e9mence<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Antoine2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Antoine<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">18\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Agathe2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Agathe<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Olivier2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Olivier<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">La Sorbonne<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">13\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Pierre2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Pierre<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESSEC<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">16\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Margot2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Margot<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Arts et M\u00e9tiers ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">22\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin d&#8217;un <span style=\"color: #4cc583;\">prof particulier<\/span> d&#8217;histoire-g\u00e9ographie ? <span role=\"image\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos Sherpas sont l\u00e0 pour t&#8217;aider \u00e0 progresser et prendre confiance en toi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        PRENDRE UN COURS GRATUIT\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u2019UE : un territoire entre comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 et coh\u00e9sion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Un espace tr\u00e8s centralis\u00e9 \ud83c\udfaf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"184\" height=\"128\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Image1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-226716\" style=\"width:322px;height:224px\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Repr\u00e9sentation de la banane bleue<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>L\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne occupe une place importante dans l\u2019\u00e9conomie mondiale. C\u2019est un espace organis\u00e9 autour d\u2019un <strong>c\u0153ur \u00e9conomique et d\u00e9cisionnel.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Il est constitu\u00e9 par <strong>la m\u00e9galopole europ\u00e9enne<\/strong>, la fameuse \u00ab <strong>banane bleue<\/strong> \u00bb et les principales m\u00e9tropoles d\u2019Europe de l\u2019Ouest.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019Europe est donc un espace polycentrique (qui dispose de plusieurs centres). Elle est structur\u00e9e par un r\u00e9seau de communication tr\u00e8s dense. L\u2019Europe dispose \u00e9galement de <strong>la Northern Range<\/strong>, la plus grande fa\u00e7ade maritime europ\u00e9enne organis\u00e9e autour du <strong>hub portuaire de Rotterdam<\/strong>, qui permet d\u2019irriguer le commerce du nord-ouest europ\u00e9en, l\u2019espace majeur de l\u2019UE.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/3ohuArB2QZ44HzntLi\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Rose et Jack sur le Titanic. \" style=\"width:508px;height:216px\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Rare image de <em>Rose et Jack pr\u00e8s de la Northern Range<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1 Le savais-tu ?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>La plateforme <strong>Flightradar <\/strong>sur internet est connue pour permettre le suivi en direct du trajet des avions dans le monde entier. Le site dispose \u00e9galement d\u2019un volet qui te permet de<a href=\"https:\/\/flightradars24.fr\/marine-traffic\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"> suivre en direct le trafic maritime<\/a>. Si p\u00e9p\u00e9 est parti \u00e0 la p\u00eache tu peux suivre sa barque en direct si elle est \u00e9quip\u00e9e d\u2019un GPS !<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019Europe est structur\u00e9e autour des pays dot\u00e9s d\u2019une \u00e9conomie forte et diversifi\u00e9e. Sa structuration est aussi marqu\u00e9e par <strong>une forte m\u00e9tropolisation<\/strong> et u<strong>ne concentration des fonctions de commandement <\/strong>europ\u00e9ennes notamment avec les si\u00e8ges des institutions europ\u00e9ennes au Luxembourg et en Belgique, des pays o\u00f9 l\u2019on trouve \u00e9galement <strong>les principales capitales \u00e9conomiques.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Des espaces p\u00e9riph\u00e9riques en retard \u23f0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Les pays du Sud de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne comme l\u2019Espagne, l\u2019Italie et la Gr\u00e8ce sont marqu\u00e9s par <strong>des difficult\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques <\/strong>renforc\u00e9es par <strong>la crise financi\u00e8re<\/strong> <strong>et mon\u00e9taire<\/strong> des ann\u00e9es 2010. Ces pays connaissent un ch\u00f4mage \u00e9lev\u00e9 et une croissance tr\u00e8s fragile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En 2021, ces pays \u00ab en retard \u00bb qu\u2019on appelle parfois avec condescendance les PIGS (Portugal, Italy, Greece, Spain) on pris&nbsp;leur revanche ! Tous ces pays ont enregistr\u00e9 une croissance sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 celle du reste de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne apr\u00e8s avoir men\u00e9 chacun de leur c\u00f4t\u00e9 une s\u00e9rie de r\u00e9formes \u00e9conomiques depuis 2015.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Du c\u00f4t\u00e9 de l\u2019Europe centrale et orientale, on trouve <strong>les pays les moins d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s<\/strong>. Ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 fragilis\u00e9s par le Communisme et sont&nbsp; les derniers pays \u00e0 avoir int\u00e9gr\u00e9 l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne entre 2004 et 2007.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette int\u00e9gration tardive est accompagn\u00e9e de la <strong>Politique Europ\u00e9enne de Voisinage<\/strong> entam\u00e9e en 2004.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/l378tV67u1QQkSqFq\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Des gens regardent tour \u00e0 tour une carte du monde.\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Elle est con\u00e7ue pour les pays de l\u2019ex-URSS, de la r\u00e9gion Caucase et aux pays de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e. Son objectif est de <strong>renforcer les relations commerciales et \u00e9conomiques<\/strong> et <strong>d\u2019entretenir le dialogue au niveau politique.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Leur d\u00e9veloppement est in\u00e9gal, certains pays comme la Pologne et la R\u00e9publique Tch\u00e8que ont su profiter de leur int\u00e9gration europ\u00e9enne pour rattraper leur retard, tandis que d\u2019autres comme la Roumanie et la Bulgarie sont toujours \u00e0 la tra\u00eene.&nbsp; \ud83d\ude15<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Il ne faut pas non plus oublier les r\u00e9gions ultramarines : les pays et territoires&nbsp;d&#8217;outre-mer (PTOM). Ils concernent 13 pays et territoires li\u00e9s constitutionnellement \u00e0 un \u00c9tat membre de l&#8217;Union europ\u00e9enne, leur d\u00e9veloppement \u00e9conomique souffre \u00e0 cause de leur \u00e9loignement g\u00e9ographique.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/mDSGaOdQxzdseSPdAi\/giphy-downsized-large.gif\" alt=\"Mr Bean \u00e0 la plage.\" style=\"width:256px;height:256px\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u2019attractivit\u00e9 de l\u2019UE dans le monde : ses ambitions \u2728<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans le cadre du <strong>budget europ\u00e9en de 2021 \u00e0 2027<\/strong>, l\u2019Europe mise sur des objectifs qui doivent contribuer \u00e0 <strong>l\u2019attractivit\u00e9 des territoires<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Une Europe plus intelligente \ud83e\udde0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Un des premiers objectifs est de faire une Europe plus intelligente avec <strong>des investissements dans la recherche et le d\u00e9veloppement. <\/strong>Son industrie a beaucoup souffert apr\u00e8s l&#8217;encha\u00eenement des crises financi\u00e8res, aujourd\u2019hui elle se diversifie et <strong>se sp\u00e9cialise particuli\u00e8rement dans les hautes technologies<\/strong> avec la Chimie, l\u2019Automobile, l\u2019A\u00e9ronautique, les t\u00e9l\u00e9communications et le secteur \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne favorise le d\u00e9veloppement de clusters industriels notamment avec la \u00ab <strong>Silicon Saxony<\/strong> \u00bb, le p\u00f4le de comp\u00e9tences en <strong>micro\u00e9lectronique<\/strong> de Dresde dans la Saxe allemande.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Depuis le d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 2000, c\u2019est le premier site europ\u00e9en consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 la micro\u00e9lectronique. D\u00e9but 2022, l\u2019Europe a valid\u00e9<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/economie\/article\/2022\/02\/09\/en-allemagne-la-silicon-saxony-espere-profiter-du-plan-europeen-sur-les-semi-conducteurs_6112940_3234.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\"> un plan d\u2019investissement public<\/a> \u00e0 hauteur de<strong> 42 milliards d\u2019euros<\/strong> dont la strat\u00e9gie vise \u00e0 assurer une comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 face au g\u00e9ant am\u00e9ricain<strong> Intel <\/strong>et au ta\u00efwanais <strong>TSMC.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019Europe favorise \u00e9galement <strong>les projets communs<\/strong> comme le montrent les succ\u00e8s de la compagnie<strong> Airbus<\/strong> et <strong>l\u2019Agence Spatiale Europ\u00e9enne <\/strong>(ESA)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Une Europe plus verte \ud83c\udf42<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne souhaite aboutir au <strong>z\u00e9ro \u00e9mission de carbone<\/strong>. <br>C\u2019est l\u2019objectif au centre du<a href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/news\/fr\/headlines\/society\/20200618STO81513\/le-pacte-vert-pour-une-ue-durable-et-climatiquement-neutre?at_campaign=20234-Green&amp;at_medium=Google_Ads&amp;at_platform=Search&amp;at_creation=DSA&amp;at_goal=TR_G&amp;at_audience=&amp;at_topic=Climate_policies&amp;gclid=Cj0KCQjwhL6pBhDjARIsAGx8D5_u1gAY2z2miRV--zrIuh7mrxgoWAGMXd8Mnx9s6FCBKGddkIDgZYkaAj3GEALw_wcB\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/news\/fr\/headlines\/society\/20200618STO81513\/le-pacte-vert-pour-une-ue-durable-et-climatiquement-neutre?at_campaign=20234-Green&amp;at_medium=Google_Ads&amp;at_platform=Search&amp;at_creation=DSA&amp;at_goal=TR_G&amp;at_audience=&amp;at_topic=Climate_policies&amp;gclid=Cj0KCQjwhL6pBhDjARIsAGx8D5_u1gAY2z2miRV--zrIuh7mrxgoWAGMXd8Mnx9s6FCBKGddkIDgZYkaAj3GEALw_wcB\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\"> <strong>Pacte Vert<\/strong><\/a><strong> <\/strong>d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par la<strong> Commission europ\u00e9enne&nbsp; <\/strong>qui vise \u00e0 faire de l\u2019UE <strong>le leader mondiale de la transition \u00e9cologique.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 C\u2019est la feuille de route qui aidera l&#8217;UE \u00e0 se transformer en une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9quitable et prosp\u00e8re, avec une \u00e9conomie plus moderne et comp\u00e9titive. Pour ce faire, elle doit r\u00e9ussir \u00e0 <strong>dissocier la croissance \u00e9conomique et l&#8217;utilisation des ressources naturelles.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Le Pacte Vert<\/strong> vise \u00e0 relever les principaux d\u00e9fis en mati\u00e8re d&#8217;environnement, l<strong>es enjeux li\u00e9s au r\u00e9chauffement climatique<\/strong>, <strong>la perte de biodiversit\u00e9<\/strong>, <strong>la gestion du d\u00e9veloppement durable<\/strong> tout en garantissant <strong>l&#8217;\u00e9quit\u00e9 sociale<\/strong> entre les citoyens europ\u00e9ens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Une Europe plus connect\u00e9e \ud83c\udf10<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Enfin, l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne souhaite devenir <strong>plus connect\u00e9e<\/strong>, sur le plan des <strong>transports<\/strong> autant que dans le secteur du <strong>num\u00e9rique<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 cet effet, l\u2019UE a mis en place une politique europ\u00e9enne du d\u00e9veloppement des transports avec la cr\u00e9ation de corridors de transports europ\u00e9ens pour renforcer l\u2019attractivit\u00e9 du territoire. Ces mesures visent \u00e0 concurrencer&nbsp;le projet des nouvelles routes de la soie chinoises.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>Vient lire notre article sur<a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/puissance-chinoise-nouvelles-routes-de-la-soie\/\" rel=\"noopener\"> les nouvelles routes de la soie<\/a> pour en savoir plus ! <span data-offset-key=\"9t1uu-0-0\">\u270c\ufe0f<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/PgKWD4nUwxR391lQ2D\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"Un groupe de gens se fait un c\u00e2lin collectif.\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>POV les r\u00e9gions europ\u00e9ennes entre elle gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 Interreg<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Dans cette optique, l\u2019UE cherche \u00e9galement \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper ses espaces transfrontaliers, notamment au travers du programme de <strong>Groupement Europ\u00e9en de coop\u00e9ration territoriale <\/strong>(GECT) et du programme <strong>Interreg<\/strong> qui vise \u00e0 promouvoir la coop\u00e9ration entre les r\u00e9gions europ\u00e9ennes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Ces programmes se d\u00e9veloppent en fonction des avantages que repr\u00e9sentent ces zones transfrontali\u00e8res, en mati\u00e8re d\u2019emplois, de salaire, d\u2019immobiliers\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La <strong>politique de coh\u00e9sion<\/strong> est le deuxi\u00e8me poste d\u2019investissement des pays membres de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne avec <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/regional_policy\/fr\/newsroom\/panorama\/2021\/12\/12-01-2021-cohesion-policy-2021-2027-budget-in-brief\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">392 milliards d\u2019euro allou\u00e9s au budget 2021-2027<\/a>. Elle a eu des effets positifs sur les pays d\u2019Europe Centrale et Orientale qui ont int\u00e9gr\u00e9 l\u2019UE en 2004, mais aussi en Europe du Sud. Ainsi la Pologne, l\u2019Irlande et le Portugal ont su profiter de cette politique pour <strong>rattraper leur retard \u00e9conomique.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En revanche, <strong>les disparit\u00e9s territoriales<\/strong> en Europe restent importantes et les espaces les plus riches et dynamiques <strong>concentrent toujours plus d\u2019investissements.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycz9zdWJqZWN0PUclQzMlQTlvZ3JhcGhpZSZzaWdudXA9dHJ1ZQ==\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"CPM2 Histoire g\u00e9ographie\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Emilie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Emilie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Martin2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Martin<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">23\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jade2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jade<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Alma2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Alma<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris-Saclay<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jeanne2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jeanne<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Nicolas2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Nicolas<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">CentraleSup\u00e9lec<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Ton premier <span style=\"color: #4cc483;\">cours particulier<\/span> d&#8217;histoire-g\u00e9o est <span style=\"color: #4cc483;\">offert<\/span> ! <span role=\"image\" aria-label=\"\ud83c\udf81\">\ud83c\udf81<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Fais-toi guider par un \u00e9tudiant pass\u00e9 par une des meilleures \u00e9coles de France.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        J&#8217;EN PROFITE MAINTENANT\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion sur la place de l\u2019UE dans le monde&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udccc La construction europ\u00e9enne a permis la mise en place d\u2019<strong>un g\u00e9ant \u00e9conomique et commercial<\/strong> qui concurrence directement les \u00c9tats-Unis et la Chine, m\u00eame si <strong>cette puissance est incompl\u00e8te<\/strong> notamment sur le plan g\u00e9opolitique.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udccc L\u2019autre \u00e9l\u00e9ment \u00e0 retenir, c\u2019est que l\u2019Europe est travers\u00e9e par de <strong>tr\u00e8s fortes in\u00e9galit\u00e9s<\/strong>. Pour les r\u00e9sorber, l\u2019UE a mis en place des politiques de <strong>coh\u00e9sion du territoire<\/strong> et de r\u00e9\u00e9quilibrage<strong> des richesses<\/strong>. Elles n\u2019ont pas permis un rattrapage total, mais elles ont n\u00e9anmoins emp\u00each\u00e9 un d\u00e9crochage complet des pays en difficult\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;226715&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;3&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;5\\\/5 - (3 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;La place de l\\u0026#039;Union europ\u00e9enne dans le monde \ud83c\uddea\ud83c\uddfa&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;142.5&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 142.5px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            5\/5 - (3 votes)    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019union europ\u00e9enne est n\u00e9e dans un contexte de guerre froide. C\u2019est d\u2019abord un projet de paix entre les (&#8230;)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":326,"featured_media":226726,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"footnotes":""},"category":[803,823],"tag":[337,772,79],"class_list":["post-226715","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apprendre-matiere","category-geopolitique-2","tag-europe","tag-institutions","tag-lycee"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/226715","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/326"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=226715"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/226715\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/226726"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=226715"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category?post=226715"},{"taxonomy":"tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag?post=226715"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}