{"id":225668,"date":"2022-05-12T19:39:01","date_gmt":"2022-05-12T17:39:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/?p=225668"},"modified":"2025-01-09T10:18:58","modified_gmt":"2025-01-09T09:18:58","slug":"les-institutions-politiques-en-france","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/les-institutions-politiques-en-france\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment fonctionnent les institutions politiques en France ? \ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Les institutions politiques en France, sont des <strong>structures juridiques mises en place par une constitution<\/strong>. C\u2019est le texte juridique qui <strong>organise la r\u00e9partition des pouvoirs<\/strong> dans une d\u00e9mocratie. La constitution, c\u2019est un peu <strong>le mode d\u2019emploi de la politique <\/strong>si tu pr\u00e9f\u00e8res !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tu te demandes sans doute comment fonctionnent les institutions en France ? \u00c7a tombe bien c\u2019est ce qu\u2019on va voir dans cet article !&nbsp;\ud83d\ude0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pr\u00eat ? C\u2019est parti ! \ud83d\udc4a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les institutions politiques en France \ud83c\uddeb\ud83c\uddf7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Chaque changement de constitution a donn\u00e9 lieu \u00e0 une nouvelle r\u00e9publique, la France en a connu 5 diff\u00e9rentes depuis <strong>la r\u00e9volution de 1789<\/strong> !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I<sup>\u00e8re<\/sup> R\u00e9publique 1792 \u2013 1804<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>II<sup>\u00e8me<\/sup> R\u00e9publique 1848 \u2013 1852<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>III<sup>\u00e8me<\/sup> R\u00e9publique 1870 \u20131940<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IV<sup>\u00e8me<\/sup> R\u00e9publique 1946 \u2013 1958<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V<sup>\u00e8me<\/sup> R\u00e9publique 1958 \u00e0 nos jours<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Notre constitution actuelle est celle de la cinqui\u00e8me R\u00e9publique, <strong>elle est fond\u00e9e sur la s\u00e9paration des pouvoirs<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u2019un c\u00f4t\u00e9, on a <strong>le pouvoir ex\u00e9cutif<\/strong> et de l\u2019autre<strong> le pouvoir l\u00e9gislatif. <\/strong>La constitution de la cinqui\u00e8me R\u00e9publique est institu\u00e9e<strong> en 1958<\/strong> par le G\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Gaulle afin de renforcer les pouvoirs du chef de l\u2019\u00c9tat et du gouvernement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00eame si la politique de la France est r\u00e9gie par un certain nombre d&#8217;institutions et diff\u00e9rents types de pouvoirs, il ne faut pas oublier <strong>le peuple<\/strong> ! <strong>Ce sont les \u00e9lecteurs qui d\u00e9cident de la direction du pays par leur vote<\/strong> ! C\u2019est pour \u00e7a que voter c\u2019est important.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udca1 Rappel<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Pour pouvoir voter, il faut :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00catre de nationalit\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise<\/li>\n<li>Avoir plus de 18 ans<\/li>\n<li>\u00catre inscrit sur les listes \u00e9lectorales<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Le peuple peut \u00e9galement voter par r\u00e9f\u00e9rendum, il s\u2019agit d\u2019un vote pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 une question par oui ou par non. Par exemple l\u2019adoption de <strong>la constitution de 1958<\/strong> s\u2019est faite par r\u00e9f\u00e9rendum \u00e0 l\u2019initiative du <strong>G\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Gaulle<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\"><span data-offset-key=\"1p31f-0-0\">\u26a0\ufe0f<\/span><\/strong> Attention<strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\"><span data-offset-key=\"1p31f-0-0\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Il ne faut pas confondre <strong>le suffrage<\/strong> qui correspond au vote exprim\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00e9lecteur et <strong>le scrutin<\/strong> qui est l\u2019action de d\u00e9poser son bulletin dans une urne.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycz9zdWJqZWN0PURyb2l0JnNpZ251cD10cnVl\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"CPM1 Droit\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Noemie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">No\u00e9mie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">M2 en droit \u00e0 Assas<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Olivier2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Olivier<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">La Sorbonne<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">13\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Emma2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Emma<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Dauphine<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">15\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jeanne2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jeanne<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin d&#8217;un <span style=\"color: #4cc583;\">prof particulier<\/span> de droit ? <span role=\"image\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos Sherpas sont l\u00e0 pour t&#8217;aider \u00e0 progresser et prendre confiance en toi !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS GRATUIT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les institutions fran\u00e7aises : Le pouvoir ex\u00e9cutif \ud83d\udcaa<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>On dit du pouvoir ex\u00e9cutif qu\u2019il est <strong>bic\u00e9phale<\/strong>, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire qu\u2019il est compos\u00e9 de <strong>deux t\u00eates<\/strong> : <strong>le Chef de l\u2019\u00c9tat <\/strong>et le<strong> Gouvernement<\/strong> avec \u00e0 sa t\u00eate le <strong>Premier Ministre <\/strong>(PM).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le Pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique \ud83d\udd7a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Depuis <strong>1962<\/strong>, l\u2019\u00e9lection du Pr\u00e9sident s\u2019effectue au suffrage universel direct. <strong>Le scrutin est<\/strong> <strong>uninominal majoritaire \u00e0 deux tours<\/strong>, \u00e7a signifie que si l\u2019un des candidats n\u2019emporte pas la majorit\u00e9 absolue au premier tour, on fait un second tour avec les deux candidats qui rassemblent le plus de voix.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Depuis 2002, il est \u00e9lu pour<strong> un mandat de cinq ans<\/strong>. Il dispose donc d\u2019une certaine l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 d\u00e9mocratique puisqu\u2019<strong>il est directement \u00e9lu par le peuple fran\u00e7ais<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>Si tu souhaites en savoir plus sur le vote, on te recommande notre article <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/voter-pour-la-premiere-fois\/\"  rel=\"noopener\">comment voter pour la premi\u00e8re fois ?<\/a> \ud83d\ude07<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Il est \u00e0 la t\u00eate de l\u2019\u00c9tat et des arm\u00e9es. De ce fait, il peut appuyer sur le gros bouton rouge \u00e0 tout instant pour tout faire p\u00e9ter.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/9VlBZ4Nkc11ao\/giphy-downsized-large.gif\" alt=\"La fonction publique ce sont des responsabilit\u00e9s \"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>Si tu demandes comment fonctionne le fameux bouton rouge on te recommande notre article sur <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/la-dissuasion-nucleaire\/\"  rel=\"noopener\">la dissuasion nucl\u00e9aire<\/a> \ud83d\udca3<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Il dispose de pouvoirs qui lui sont <strong>propres<\/strong> et des <strong>pouvoirs partag\u00e9s<\/strong> avec le <strong>PM<\/strong>. Il peut, seul :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Recourir au r\u00e9f\u00e9rendum l\u00e9gislatif<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dissoudre l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u00e9cider de recourir \u00e0 l\u2019article 16 de la Constitution<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Saisir le <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/conseil-constitutionnel\/\">Conseil Constitutionnel<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1 Le savais-tu ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Selon<strong> l\u2019article 16 de la Constitution<\/strong>, le Pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique peut prendre <strong>les pleins pouvoirs<\/strong> en cas de menace grave et imm\u00e9diate de la nation. Cela lui permet de r\u00e9agir vite \u00e0 certaines circonstances exceptionnelles comme<strong> une d\u00e9claration de guerre,<\/strong> par exemple.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 <strong>Cela se produit uniquement apr\u00e8s consultation officielle du Premier Ministre, des pr\u00e9sidents des deux chambres parlementaires et du Conseil Constitutionnel.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Il a pour mission d&#8217;assurer<strong>&nbsp;la promulgation des lois<\/strong> et <strong>d\u2019exercer la direction de gouvernement <\/strong>par le biais du PM.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p>Le<span style=\"color: #99cc00\"> Pr\u00e9sident<\/span> de la R\u00e9publique est la<span style=\"color: #99cc00\"> cl\u00e9 de vo\u00fbte<\/span> des institutions<\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos  citation__infos--full \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\">Michel Debr\u00e9<\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\">Ancien PM<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Sa position lui conf\u00e8re <strong>une irresponsabilit\u00e9 politique<\/strong>, il ne peut pas \u00eatre contraint \u00e0 d\u00e9missionner si sa politique ne pla\u00eet pas \u00e0 l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e. Pour <strong>sa responsabilit\u00e9 p\u00e9nale<\/strong>, elle est tr\u00e8s limit\u00e9e. Il ne peut \u00eatre destitu\u00e9 qu\u2019en cas de <strong>manquement \u00e0 ses devoirs,<\/strong> ou si ses actions sont jug\u00e9es incompatibles avec l\u2019exercice de son mandat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le Premier Ministre \ud83e\udd78<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Il est nomm\u00e9 par le <strong>Pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique,<\/strong> il est <strong>le chef du gouvernement<\/strong>. Il dispose d\u2019une autorit\u00e9 sur les autres ministres. Il dispose \u00e9galement de <strong>l\u2019initiative de projet de loi.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lors du <strong>Conseil des ministres hebdomadaire<\/strong>, c\u2019est le Pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique qui dirige, donc dans les faits <strong>le PM est le bras droit du Pr\u00e9sident.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>C\u2019est \u00e0 la charge du Premier Ministre de soumettre plusieurs propositions de ministres potentiels<\/strong> au Pr\u00e9sident qui devra ensuite les nommer pour former le gouvernement. Chaque minist\u00e8re dispose de son propre domaine d\u2019action.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Enfin, le PM dispose du <strong>pouvoir r\u00e9glementaire.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1<\/strong> Le Savais-tu ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">D\u2019apr\u00e8s l\u2019article 34 de la Constitution<\/strong>, tous les domaines qui ne sont pas couverts par la loi font partie <strong>du domaine r\u00e9glementaire<\/strong>. Seuls les d\u00e9positaires du pouvoir r\u00e9glementaire peuvent agir dans de tels domaines.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Par exemple, on retrouve des autorit\u00e9s administratives ind\u00e9pendantes comme la <strong>Commission nationale de l\u2019informatique et des libert\u00e9s (CNIL)<\/strong> ou le <strong>Conseil sup\u00e9rieur de l\u2019audiovisuel (CSA)<\/strong> qui disposent de ce pouvoir pour remplir leurs missions. <strong>Les pr\u00e9fets<\/strong> et l<strong>es collectivit\u00e9s territoriales<\/strong> disposent aussi <strong>du pouvoir r\u00e9glementaire.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le gouvernement \ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"582\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/1000_F_66720342_QPqnGdrujW3zdJ7kPGeuhzQuvjUnto29.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-225744\" style=\"width:555px;height:322px\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Les membres du gouvernement si\u00e8gent aux premiers rangs de l&#8217;Assembl\u00e9e nationale<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est un organe <strong>coll\u00e9gial <\/strong>qui fait partie <strong>du pouvoir ex\u00e9cutif.<\/strong> Sous la direction du Premier Ministre, <strong>le r\u00f4le du gouvernement est de d\u00e9terminer et de conduire la politique de la nation<\/strong>, il est responsable devant le Parlement qui peut utiliser <strong>une motion de censure.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On dit que c\u2019est un <strong>organe solidaire <\/strong>dans le sens o\u00f9 <strong>c\u2019est l\u2019ensemble du gouvernement qui est responsable<\/strong> devant l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale. Pour la faire courte, <strong>chaque ministre assume les d\u00e9cisions de ses coll\u00e8gues<\/strong>. Mais ils sont aussi responsables de leurs actions individuellement !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Par exemple, si l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale renverse le gouvernement, tout le monde est d\u00e9mis de ses fonctions, pas uniquement quelques personnes.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/3o6ZtePsqpjpew9Kzm\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"il y a sans arr\u00eat des tensions \u00e0 l'asembl\u00e9e \"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1 Le savais-tu ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Les pouvoirs ex\u00e9cutif et l\u00e9gislatif peuvent chacun proposer une loi. Il faut bien diff\u00e9rencier <strong>le Projet de Loi<\/strong> qui est propos\u00e9 par le Gouvernement et la <strong>Proposition de Loi<\/strong> qui elle est propos\u00e9e par le Parlement.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycz9zaWdudXA9dHJ1ZQ==\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;#8217; global #1 = CPG1\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Margot2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Margot<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Arts et M\u00e9tiers ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">22\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Sophie2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Sophie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Bordeaux<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">12\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Simon2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Simon<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">4e ann\u00e9e de m\u00e9decine<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jeanne2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jeanne<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Martin2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Martin<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">23\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Hugo2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Hugo<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Insa Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">16\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Pierre2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Pierre<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESSEC<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">16\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Noemie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">No\u00e9mie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">M2 en droit \u00e0 Assas<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Ton premier cours particulier est offert ! <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\ud83c\udf81\">\ud83c\udf81<\/span><!-- notionvc: 91b6b7d7-50f2-46f4-ae1f-ecbabe834aad --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont pass\u00e9s par les meilleures \u00e9coles et universit\u00e9s.<!-- notionvc: 21bb66b6-b36d-4ce8-8950-173722d75a1e --><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: #ffffff; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        J&#8217;EN PROFITE MAINTENANT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le pouvoir l\u00e9gislatif <strong>\ud83d\udcdc<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le parlement \ud83d\udce2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Le parlement de la 5<sup>\u00e8me<\/sup> R\u00e9publique est <strong>bicam\u00e9ral<\/strong>, domin\u00e9 par l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale. C\u2019est-\u00e0-dire que le parlement est constitu\u00e9 de <strong>deux chambres<\/strong> : l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale et le S\u00e9nat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ces deux chambres ont le pouvoir de <strong>voter la loi<\/strong> et de <strong>contr\u00f4ler l\u2019action du gouvernement.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale&nbsp;\ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f<\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/8597221lpw-8597843-article-you0426-jpg_4287710_1250x625-1024x512.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-225709\" style=\"width:483px;height:242px\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Le Palais-Bourbon \u00e0 Paris o\u00f9 si\u00e8ge l&#8217;Assembl\u00e9e nationale.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Elle est compos\u00e9e de <strong>577 d\u00e9put\u00e9s.<\/strong> Chaque d\u00e9put\u00e9 est <strong>\u00e9lu pour cinq ans<\/strong> au cours <strong>des \u00e9lections l\u00e9gislatives<\/strong>, c\u2019est \u00e9galement un scrutin au suffrage universel direct, uninominal \u00e0 deux tours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Au sein d\u2019une circonscription repr\u00e9sentant un morceau du territoire fran\u00e7ais, plusieurs candidats se pr\u00e9sentent au poste de d\u00e9put\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le d\u00e9put\u00e9, c\u2019est <strong>un \u00e9lu qui repr\u00e9sente le territoire dans lequel tu r\u00e9sides<\/strong>. Si tu veux que ta voix compte dans la politique du pays et dans le vote des lois, il est important de voter pour <strong>la personne qui repr\u00e9sente le mieux tes convictions<\/strong> !<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1 Les ressources Sherpas<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Sur ce site, tu peux <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nosdeputes.fr\/circonscription\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">retrouver ta circonscription et ton d\u00e9put\u00e9 actuellement en poste.<\/a><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p class=\"single-hero__title\">Si tu souhaites en savoir plus sur les \u00e9lections des d\u00e9put\u00e9s, vient lire notre article:<a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/les-legislatives\/\"> les l\u00e9gislatives : pourquoi il faut (aussi) voter ?<\/a> \ud83d\ude07<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Son r\u00f4le est de <strong>d\u00e9battre<\/strong>, <strong>de modifier une loi et de les voter.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ses pouvoirs sont :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udccc Le contr\u00f4le du gouvernement qu\u2019elle peut renverser<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udccc Le vote de confiance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le <strong>vote de confiance<\/strong> est un vote de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e o\u00f9 elle d\u00e9cide d&#8217;accorder ou non, sa confiance au gouvernement en place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Par exemple, selon les modalit\u00e9s de <strong>l&#8217;article 50 de la Constitution<\/strong>, le PM peut engager <strong>la responsabilit\u00e9 du Gouvernement<\/strong> en pr\u00e9sentant son programme politique. Si l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e d\u00e9sapprouve le programme, <strong>le gouvernement est automatiquement contraint \u00e0 donner sa d\u00e9mission.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udccc La motion de censure<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>L\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale<\/strong> peut engager de sa propre volont\u00e9 la <strong>responsabilit\u00e9 politique <\/strong>du gouvernement. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Il suffit qu\u2019<strong>un dixi\u00e8me des d\u00e9put\u00e9s<\/strong> (dont 58 sur 577) formulent un texte expliquant que le gouvernement n\u2019a plus le soutien de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale. <strong>C\u2019est<\/strong> <strong>la motion de censure.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 <strong>Elle est ensuite vot\u00e9e<\/strong>. Si elle obtient la majorit\u00e9, le gouvernement n\u2019aura pas d\u2019autre choix que de <strong>d\u00e9missionner<\/strong>, si elle est rejet\u00e9e, le gouvernement reste en place.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1035\" height=\"486\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/1200px-Panorama_de_lhemicyle_de_lassemblee_nationale-e1652342940329.jpg\" alt=\"Les institutions politiques en France\" class=\"wp-image-225673\" style=\"width:376px;height:176px\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">L&#8217;h\u00e9micycle de l&#8217;Assembl\u00e9e nationale<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1 Le savais-tu ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>C\u2019est notamment \u00e0 cause de ce pouvoir que la <strong>III<\/strong><strong><sup>\u00e8me<\/sup><\/strong> et la <strong>IV<\/strong><strong><sup>\u00e8me<\/sup><\/strong> <strong>R\u00e9publique<\/strong><strong> souffraient d<\/strong>\u2019<strong>une instabilit\u00e9 gouvernementale<\/strong>. Le Parlement de l\u2019\u00e9poque avait <strong>un pouvoir beaucoup plus fort<\/strong>, c\u2019est pour cela que l<strong>e G\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Gaulle<\/strong> a propos\u00e9 la r\u00e9forme constitutionnelle de 1958 pour <strong>r\u00e9duire le pouvoir parlementaire et augmenter celui du chef de l\u2019\u00c9tat.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>En cas de d\u00e9saccords au Parlement, c\u2019est l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale qui a le dernier mot. D\u2019une certaine mani\u00e8re, on peut dire que <strong>les d\u00e9put\u00e9s ont un pouvoir sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 celui des s\u00e9nateurs.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le S\u00e9nat&nbsp;\ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f<\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/luxembg2-1024x710.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-225712\" style=\"width:456px;height:314px\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Le S\u00e9nat si\u00e8ge au Palais du Luxembourg \u00e0 Paris.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est <strong>la deuxi\u00e8me chambre parlementaire<\/strong> qui constitue le pouvoir l\u00e9gislatif. Il compte <strong>368 s\u00e9nateurs \u00e9lus pour six ans<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 l\u2019inverse de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale, <strong>les membres du S\u00e9nat sont renouvel\u00e9s par moiti\u00e9 tous les 3 ans<\/strong> depuis la r\u00e9forme constitutionnelle de 2003. Ils sont \u00e9lus au suffrage universel indirect. C\u2019est-\u00e0-dire <strong>qu\u2019ils sont \u00e9lus par un ensemble de grands \u00e9lecteurs<\/strong> constitu\u00e9s d\u2019\u00e9lus d\u00e9partementaux et municipaux. Un s\u00e9nateur est \u00e9lu dans chaque d\u00e9partement de France. Ses pouvoirs sont :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udccc Discuter les lois<br>\ud83d\udccc Voter les lois <br>\ud83d\udccc Contr\u00f4ler l\u2019action du gouvernement<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ses membres se r\u00e9unissent chaque jour selon <strong>un calendrier des priorit\u00e9s<\/strong> \u00e0 d\u00e9battre. <strong>Le pr\u00e9sident du S\u00e9nat est le troisi\u00e8me personnage de l&#8217;\u00c9tat<\/strong> apr\u00e8s le Pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique et le PM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est notamment lui qui <strong>assure l\u2019int\u00e9rim du Pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique<\/strong> si le poste est vacant, par exemple, si le Pr\u00e9sident d\u00e9missionne, s\u2019il d\u00e9c\u00e8de ou s\u2019il est dans l\u2019impossibilit\u00e9 de gouverner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le Conseil Constitutionnel&nbsp;\ud83d\udcdc<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Palais_royal-1024x486.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-225738\" style=\"width:530px;height:251px\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Ses membres si\u00e8gent au sein de l&#8217;aile Montpensier du Palais-Royal \u00e0 Paris<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est <strong>un organe cr\u00e9\u00e9 par la Constitution de 1958<\/strong>. C\u2019est cette institution qui est charg\u00e9e de :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">\ud83d\udccc<strong> Contr\u00f4ler la r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 des \u00e9lections<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udccc<strong> V\u00e9rifier la conformit\u00e9 des lois \u00e0 la Constitution de la 5<\/strong><strong><sup>\u00e8me<\/sup><\/strong><strong> R\u00e9publique.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 l\u2019origine ce contr\u00f4le \u00e9tait con\u00e7u <strong>pour que le pouvoir l\u00e9gislatif n\u2019empi\u00e8te pas sur le pouvoir ex\u00e9cutif<\/strong>. Il veillait uniquement \u00e0 ce que la s\u00e9paration des pouvoirs soit bien respect\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aujourd\u2019hui, <strong>le Conseil constitutionnel poss\u00e8de un cadre de contr\u00f4le \u00e9tendu<\/strong>, cette extension de son champ d\u2019action est effective <strong>depuis 1971<\/strong> : il doit v\u00e9rifier que la loi respecte les normes du <strong>bloc de constitutionnalit\u00e9<\/strong>. Il veille \u00e0 ce que les lois respectent <strong>les droits fondamentaux.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1 Le savais-tu<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>Le bloc de constitutionnalit\u00e9 est constitu\u00e9 :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>De la Constitution de 1958<\/li>\n<li>Du Pr\u00e9ambule de la Constitution de 1946<\/li>\n<li>De la D\u00e9claration des Droits de l\u2019Homme et du Citoyen de 1789<\/li>\n<li>De la Charte de l\u2019environnement de 2004<\/li>\n<li>Des Principes Fondamentaux reconnus par les lois de la R\u00e9publique<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce conseil est compos\u00e9 de <strong>9 membres<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udccc 3 sont nomm\u00e9s par le chef de l\u2019\u00c9tat<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udccc 3 sont nomm\u00e9s par le pr\u00e9sident de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udccc 3 Sont nomm\u00e9s par le S\u00e9nat<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u2019ajoutent \u00e0 eux <strong>les anciens Pr\u00e9sidents de la R\u00e9publique<\/strong> <strong>qui sont membres de droit.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycz9zaWdudXA9dHJ1ZQ==\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;#8217; global #3 = CPG3\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Martin2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Martin<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">23\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jade2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jade<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Bastien2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Bastien<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Polytechnique<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Emilie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Emilie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Hugo2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Hugo<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Insa Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">16\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Alma2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Alma<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris-Saclay<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/David2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">David<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">EDHEC<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jeanne2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jeanne<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin de cours particuliers ? <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><!-- notionvc: 27874cb7-7cca-4c68-a2e3-ea8000cbb55b --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p><span style=\"color: #48b378;\">4 points<\/span> de plus sur ta <span style=\"color: #48b378;\">moyenne<\/span> avec nos profs Sherpas ! <span role=\"image\" aria-label=\"\ud83d\udcc8\">\ud83d\udcc8<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS GRATUIT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les institutions sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le Conseil d\u2019\u00c9tat&nbsp;\ud83e\uddd0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est une institution cr\u00e9\u00e9e par Napol\u00e9on Bonaparte. Il conseille le Gouvernement et le Parlement en droit administratif. <strong>Il rend des avis sur tous les projets de lois,<\/strong> il \u00e9tudie aussi \u00e0 la demande du Parlement <strong>les propositions de loi.<\/strong>&nbsp;Ses membres si\u00e8gent \u00e9galement au <strong>Palais-Royal \u00e0 Paris.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019institution ne se prononce pas sur les choix politiques, <strong>il certifie<\/strong> que les textes<strong> respectent la constitution et le droit europ\u00e9en<\/strong>. Il certifie \u00e9galement que <strong>les textes sont compr\u00e9hensibles et applicables<\/strong>. Il propose des modifications dans une note explicative : l\u2019avis du Conseil d\u2019\u00c9tat.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans la quasi-totalit\u00e9 des cas, les propositions du Conseil d\u2019\u00c9tat sont retenues et les textes sont soumis au vote des parlementaires.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/l41YtZOb9EUABnuqA\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"\u00e7a prend du temps de faire passer une loi\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>L\u2019institution a aussi pour mission de <strong>juger les litiges entre les citoyens et l\u2019administration.<\/strong> Elle <strong>s\u2019assure que l\u2019administration respecte le droit <\/strong>et peut la condamner \u00e0 r\u00e9parer les dommages qu&#8217;elle aurait caus\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La Cour des comptes&nbsp;\ud83e\uddee<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"664\" height=\"443\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/acc1ac6_17823_3161701.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-225740\" style=\"width:485px;height:324px\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">La cour des comptes si\u00e8ge au Palais Cambon \u00e0 Paris.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est une juridiction qui contr\u00f4le les d\u00e9penses de l\u2019\u00c9tat et \u00e9tablit un rapport annuel pour informer le pouvoir ex\u00e9cutif. Elle s\u2019assure notamment du <strong>bon emploi de l\u2019argent public<\/strong> en informant r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement les citoyens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Elle est \u00e9galement charg\u00e9e de contr\u00f4ler <strong>les comptes de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sociale. <\/strong>De m\u00eame pour <strong>les \u00e9tablissements publics, les entreprises nationalis\u00e9es <\/strong>et <strong>les organismes priv\u00e9s<\/strong> qui re\u00e7oivent de l\u2019agent public.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Et voil\u00e0, tu connais d\u00e9sormais <strong>l\u2019essentiel sur le fonctionnement des institutions politiques en France<\/strong>, \u00e0 bient\u00f4t dans pour un prochain article ! \ud83d\ude09<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;225668&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;11&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;4.5&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;4.5\\\/5 - (11 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Comment fonctionnent les institutions politiques en France ? \ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;128&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 128px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            4.5\/5 - (11 votes)    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les institutions politiques en France, sont des structures juridiques mises en place par une constitution. C\u2019est le texte (&#8230;)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":326,"featured_media":225675,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"category":[803,824],"tag":[358,772,375],"class_list":["post-225668","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apprendre-matiere","category-sciences-politiques","tag-france","tag-institutions","tag-politique"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/225668","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/326"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=225668"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/225668\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/225675"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=225668"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category?post=225668"},{"taxonomy":"tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag?post=225668"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}