{"id":223918,"date":"2025-10-23T17:14:04","date_gmt":"2025-10-23T15:14:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/?p=223918"},"modified":"2025-11-18T09:21:30","modified_gmt":"2025-11-18T08:21:30","slug":"le-dernier-jour-dun-condamne-resume","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/le-dernier-jour-dun-condamne-resume\/","title":{"rendered":"Le Dernier Jour d&rsquo;un condamn\u00e9 de Victor Hugo : r\u00e9sum\u00e9 &amp; analyse \ud83d\udcad"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\u00c0 retenir<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <ul>\n<li>Le roman <b><i>Le Dernier Jour d\u2019un condamn\u00e9<\/i><\/b> d\u00e9nonce la peine de mort comme une pratique barbare ;<\/li>\n<li>Le r\u00e9cit expose les pens\u00e9es et l&rsquo;angoisse d&rsquo;un homme durant les heures avant son ex\u00e9cution ;<\/li>\n<li>Le lecteur ignore le nom et le crime du condamn\u00e9, l&rsquo;auteur concentre le r\u00e9cit sur la souffrance humaine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Tu te pr\u00e9pares pour un contr\u00f4le sur <em>Le Dernier Jour d\u2019un condamn\u00e9 <\/em>de Victor Hugo ? Ce monument de la litt\u00e9rature fran\u00e7aise, qui d\u00e9nonce la peine de mort et a \u00e9largi les fronti\u00e8res de la litt\u00e9rature du XIXe si\u00e8cle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est ce qu\u2019on te propose dans cet article : un<strong> r\u00e9sum\u00e9 d\u00e9taill\u00e9 de l&rsquo;\u0153uvre, le contexte d&rsquo;\u00e9criture, et des pistes d\u2019analyse<\/strong> pour tout comprendre de l&rsquo;ouvrage. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-2630\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-2630\">\n<thead>\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<th class=\"column-1\">Titre<\/th><th class=\"column-2\">Le dernier jour d\u2019un condamn\u00e9<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody class=\"row-striping row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Auteur<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Victor Hugo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Date de publication<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">1829 (anonymement), puis 1832<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Type de roman<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">roman \u00e0 th\u00e8se<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Mouvement litt\u00e9raire<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">romantisme<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-6\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Nombre de chapitres<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">49<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-2630 from cache -->\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Victor_Hugo_001-770x1024.jpg\" alt=\"portrait Victor Hugo\" class=\"wp-image-223929\" style=\"width:225px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"le-contexte-decriture\">Le contexte d\u2019\u00e9criture \ud83d\udd0e&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>De son vivant, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Victor_Hugo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Victor Hugo<\/a> (auteur c\u00e9l\u00e8bre de livres comme <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/miserables-victor-hugo\/\"><em>Les Mis\u00e9rables<\/em><\/a> ou <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/les-contemplations-de-victor-hugo\/\"><em>Les Contemplations<\/em><\/a>) est profond\u00e9ment engag\u00e9 sur le plan politique. Il lutte contre la mis\u00e8re sociale, d\u00e9fend la libert\u00e9 et s\u2019oppose fermement \u00e0 la peine de mort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 plusieurs reprises, il assiste \u00e0 des ex\u00e9cutions publiques par guillotine, notamment sur la place de l\u2019H\u00f4tel de ville \u00e0 Paris. Cette exp\u00e9rience fait na\u00eetre chez lui une profonde indignation, il y voit une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 qui, froidement, reproduit les actes qu&rsquo;elle condamne.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u2019est cette indignation, m\u00eal\u00e9e \u00e0 une volont\u00e9 de faire r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir ses contemporains, qui le pousse \u00e0 \u00e9crire <em>Le Dernier Jour d\u2019un condamn\u00e9<\/em>. Et cela \u00e0 seulement 26 ans !<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/romantisme-mouvement-litteraire\/\"><b>Tout sur le romantisme litt\u00e9raire (dont Hugo est la figure phare !)<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"a-quel-genre-appartient-le-dernier-jour-dun-condamne\">\u00c0 quel genre appartient Le Dernier Jour d\u2019un condamn\u00e9 ? \ud83d\udcd6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Le Dernier Jour d\u2019un condamn\u00e9<\/em> est un <strong>roman \u00e0 th\u00e8se<\/strong>, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire un r\u00e9cit \u00e9crit pour d\u00e9fendre une id\u00e9e. Il s\u2019agit ici d\u2019un <strong>v\u00e9ritable plaidoyer contre la peine de mort<\/strong> : Victor Hugo cherche \u00e0 \u00e9mouvoir, choquer et faire r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir ses lecteurs pour les convaincre de l\u2019inhumanit\u00e9 de cette pratique.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1Qu&rsquo;est-ce qu&rsquo;un plaidoyer ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u2019apr\u00e8s le <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dictionnaire-academie.fr\/article\/A9P2669\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">dictionnaire de l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie fran\u00e7aise<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, un plaidoyer signifie un discours ou un \u00e9crit qui prend la d\u00e9fense d\u2019une personne, et qui soutient une id\u00e9e ou une cause. <\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9mdW5uZWwtc3R1ZGVudC1xdWFsaWZpY2F0aW9u\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"CMP1 Fran\u00e7ais\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Olivier2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Olivier<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">La Sorbonne<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">13\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jade2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jade<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Martin2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Martin<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">23\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Alma2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Alma<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris-Saclay<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jeanne2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jeanne<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin d&rsquo;un <span style=\"color: #4cc583;\">prof particulier<\/span> de fran\u00e7ais ? <span role=\"image\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos Sherpas sont l\u00e0 pour t&rsquo;aider \u00e0 progresser et prendre confiance en toi !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS OFFERT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"les-personnages-et-lieux\"><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong>Les personnages et lieux \ud83d\udc65<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Le personnage principal<\/strong> est le condamn\u00e9 \u00e0 mort. On ne conna\u00eet <strong>ni son nom, ni son crime<\/strong>, ce qui est un choix volontaire de Victor Hugo. Cela permet au lecteur de s\u2019identifier \u00e0 lui, et de se concentrer sur sa souffrance plut\u00f4t que sur sa culpabilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Les autres personnages<\/strong> sont secondaires mais symboliques :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Le ge\u00f4lier<\/strong> et <strong>les gardiens<\/strong> incarnent la froideur du syst\u00e8me judiciaire, ob\u00e9issant sans \u00e9motion ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Le pr\u00eatre<\/strong>, cens\u00e9 apporter du r\u00e9confort, repr\u00e9sente la religion face \u00e0 la mort. Le condamn\u00e9 semble refuser les deux ;<br><strong>La foule<\/strong> ou les <strong>curieux venus assister \u00e0 l\u2019ex\u00e9cution<\/strong> montrent le voyeurisme cruel de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9, qui voit les ex\u00e9cutions comme des spectacles divertissants ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>La fille du condamn\u00e9<\/strong> (appel\u00e9e Marie) qu\u2019il voit bri\u00e8vement sans qu\u2019elle le reconnaisse, est une figure poignante de l\u2019innocence et du lien familial bris\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udccd Les lieux<\/strong>, eux aussi, ont une grande importance symbolique :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>La prison<\/strong> repr\u00e9sente l\u2019attente, l\u2019angoisse et l\u2019isolement ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>La Conciergerie<\/strong>, lieu historique o\u00f9 de nombreux condamn\u00e9s ont attendu leur ex\u00e9cution, renforce l\u2019id\u00e9e d\u2019un destin d\u00e9j\u00e0 scell\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>La chambre de l\u2019H\u00f4tel de ville<\/strong>, o\u00f9 le condamn\u00e9 passe ses derni\u00e8res heures, symbolise la proximit\u00e9 avec la mort, c\u2019est l\u00e0 qu\u2019il attend, entour\u00e9 d\u2019une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 qui le regarde mourir sans compassion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"resume-chapitre-par-chapitre\">R\u00e9sum\u00e9 chapitre par chapitre \u270d\ufe0f<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img width=\"1024\" height=\"846\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/1024px-Le_Dernier_jour_dun_condamne_Le_dernier_jour_dun_condamne_383.1.jpg?_t=1761231998\" alt=\"Le dernier jour d'un condamn\u00e9\" class=\"wp-image-306959\" style=\"width:412px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitres-1-a-3\">Chapitres 1 \u00e0 3<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019\u0153uvre s\u2019ouvre sur un <strong>monologue int\u00e9rieur,<\/strong> le prisonnier se rappelle son pass\u00e9 et il est hant\u00e9 par sa condamnation \u00e0 mort.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le narrateur raconte<strong> le r\u00e9cit du jugement et de la condamnation<\/strong>. Il d\u00e9crit les personnages, juges, jur\u00e9s et le lieu, la salle d\u2019audience.&nbsp;Il r\u00e9fl\u00e9chit ensuite sur le bien-fond\u00e9 de la condamnation \u00e0 mort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitres-4-a-6\">Chapitres 4 \u00e0 6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Transfert de la prison de Bic\u00eatre. Le narrateur cr\u00e9e son journal pour <strong>exprimer et communiquer ses souffrances.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitres-7-a-9\">Chapitres 7 \u00e0 9<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Esp\u00e9rant \u00eatre sauv\u00e9, la condamnation continue d\u2019obs\u00e9der le personnage et de le torturer. Il compte les jours qu\u2019il lui reste : six semaines.&nbsp;Il \u00e9voque ensuite sa femme et sa fille de trois ans.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitres-10-a-12\">Chapitres 10 \u00e0 12&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Description de la cellule, il lit<strong> les inscriptions sur les murs.<\/strong> Ces trois chapitres sont ponctu\u00e9s par l\u2019angoisse et la panique du personnage face \u00e0 la mort.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitres-13-a-15\">Chapitres 13 \u00e0 15&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u00e9cit des pr\u00e9paratifs des for\u00e7ats (condamn\u00e9s). <strong>Description de la prison et du spectacle atroce auquel il assiste<\/strong>, des for\u00e7ats aux pieds attach\u00e9s, sous la pluie, chantant leurs malheurs. Il s\u2019\u00e9vanouit et se r\u00e9veille \u00e0 l\u2019infirmerie. L\u2019espoir resurgit, il <strong>tient \u00e0 la vie et esp\u00e8re la gr\u00e2ce<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitres-16-a-18\">Chapitres 16 \u00e0 18<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nouvelle phase d\u2019angoisse et de terreur.<\/strong> Il d\u00e9crit un r\u00eave entrecoup\u00e9 de prise de conscience et de retour \u00e0 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 sur sa mort imminente.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitres-19-a-21\">Chapitres 19 \u00e0 21&nbsp;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Le directeur de la prison vient le voir, il pense que son heure est arriv\u00e9e.&nbsp;Le pourvoi en cassation est rejet\u00e9, son ex\u00e9cution aura lieu aujourd\u2019hui. On vient le chercher dans une heure.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitres-22-a-24\">Chapitres 22 \u00e0 24<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Le condamn\u00e9 est transf\u00e9r\u00e9 \u00e0 la Conciergerie, il est 8 h 30. La foule est d\u2019ores et d\u00e9j\u00e0 attroup\u00e9e pour voir le spectacle.&nbsp;<strong>Il est enferm\u00e9 avec un autre condamn\u00e9<\/strong>. Il \u00e9change sa redingote contre la veste du vieil homme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitres-25-a-27\">Chapitres 25 \u00e0 27<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans une autre cellule et \u00e0 sa demande, on lui apporte une chaise et une table pour pouvoir \u00e9crire. Il pense \u00e0 sa fille. <strong>Crise d\u2019angoisse et peur paralysante.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitres-28-a-30\">Chapitres 28 \u00e0 30<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Le narrateur imagine<strong> sa condamnation \u00e0 mort.<\/strong> Il est encore plein d\u2019espoir et esp\u00e8re la gr\u00e2ce. Le pr\u00eatre arrive, mais le protagoniste le renvoie.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitres-31-a-33\">Chapitres 31 \u00e0 33<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Un architecte le d\u00e9range dans son introspection. Des travaux seront faits dans 6 mois pour r\u00e9nover la prison.&nbsp;Un nouveau gendarme vient surveiller le condamn\u00e9 et lui fait une \u00e9trange demande, <strong>venir lui rendre visite dans ses r\u00eaves une fois mort pour lui dire les num\u00e9ros de la loterie.&nbsp;<\/strong>Le narrateur se r\u00e9fugie dans ses souvenirs d\u2019enfance pour se r\u00e9conforter.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitres-34-a-39\">Chapitres 34 \u00e0 39<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Le crime pour lequel le narrateur est condamn\u00e9 est abord\u00e9. Il pense \u00e0 la vie normale.&nbsp;Il reste 2 h 45 \u00e0 vivre.<strong> Il ressent des douleurs physiques violentes.<\/strong> Il a peur de souffrir pendant la guillotine. Il se demande qui a pu affirmer que cela ne faisait pas mal et que c\u2019\u00e9tait rapide.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitres-40-a-45\">Chapitres 40 \u00e0 45<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Dernier espoir de la gr\u00e2ce pour le narrateur.<strong> Les \u00e9motions sont tr\u00e8s vives et changeantes.<\/strong>&nbsp;Il se met \u00e0 imaginer ce qu\u2019est <strong>la vie apr\u00e8s la mort.<\/strong> Il se demande ce que va devenir son \u00e2me et veut voir un pr\u00eatre.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On lui annonce la pr\u00e9sence de sa fille qui ne le reconna\u00eet pas. <strong>Il se plonge dans son ex\u00e9cution et l\u2019imagine.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"chapitres-46-a-49\">Chapitres 46 \u00e0 49<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Il essaye d\u2019\u00e9crire une histoire \u00e0 sa fille. Le condamn\u00e9 est dans une chambre \u00e0 l\u2019H\u00f4tel de ville et on vient le chercher pour l\u2019ex\u00e9cuter : ses cheveux sont coup\u00e9s et ses mains li\u00e9es.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dernier espoir,<strong> il demande 5 minutes au gendarme<\/strong>. Ces minutes lui sont accord\u00e9es et il esp\u00e8re \u00eatre graci\u00e9, <strong>mais \u00e0 quatre heures, l\u2019ex\u00e9cution a lieu. <\/strong>La narration s\u2019arr\u00eate net, sans d\u00e9tail, sans \u00e9motion. Cette fin brutale souligne l\u2019inhumanit\u00e9 du ch\u00e2timent.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9mdW5uZWwtc3R1ZGVudC1xdWFsaWZpY2F0aW9u\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"Cours part&amp;rsquo; global #1 = CPG1\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Cle\u0301mence2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Cl\u00e9mence<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">21\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Agathe2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Agathe<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Emilie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Emilie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Lyon<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Noemie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">No\u00e9mie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">M2 en droit \u00e0 Assas<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Alma2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Alma<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris-Saclay<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Margot2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Margot<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Arts et M\u00e9tiers ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">22\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Nicolas2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Nicolas<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">CentraleSup\u00e9lec<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">17\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Louise2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Louise<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Mines ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Ton premier cours particulier est offert ! <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"\ud83c\udf81\">\ud83c\udf81<\/span><!-- notionvc: 91b6b7d7-50f2-46f4-ae1f-ecbabe834aad --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont pass\u00e9s par les meilleures \u00e9coles et universit\u00e9s.<!-- notionvc: 21bb66b6-b36d-4ce8-8950-173722d75a1e --><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: #ffffff; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        J&rsquo;EN PROFITE MAINTENANT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"la-structure-de-loeuvre\">La structure de l\u2019\u0153uvre \ud83e\uddd0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Les 49 chapitres du roman (num\u00e9rot\u00e9s en <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/chiffres-romains-histoire-utilisation\/\"><strong>chiffres romains<\/strong><\/a>) varient en longueur et en contenu. On peut les regrouper en <strong>plusieurs ensembles th\u00e9matiques<\/strong> qui se m\u00ealent tout au long du r\u00e9cit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Les chapitres r\u00e9trospectifs<\/strong> reviennent sur des moments cl\u00e9s de son pass\u00e9, comme le <strong>proc\u00e8s<\/strong> ou le <strong>d\u00e9part des for\u00e7ats<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c0 noter : un chapitre (num\u00e9r<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">o <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">XLVII) <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">est <\/span><b>enti\u00e8rement vide<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, cens\u00e9 raconter sa vie, mais volontairement laiss\u00e9 blanc, un geste fort, qui souligne l\u2019effacement de son identit\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Les chapitres descriptifs<\/strong> dressent un tableau sombre et pr\u00e9cis des lieux : <strong>le cachot<\/strong>, <strong>la prison<\/strong>, <strong>la Conciergerie<\/strong>, <strong>l\u2019H\u00f4tel de ville<\/strong>\u2026 Ces descriptions contribuent \u00e0 renforcer l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re oppressante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u2019autres chapitres explorent ses <strong>r\u00e9flexions, souvenirs et cauchemars<\/strong>. On le voit penser \u00e0 sa <strong>fille<\/strong>, r\u00eaver d\u2019une <strong>vieille femme bienveillante<\/strong>, ou encore se souvenir de sa <strong>famille<\/strong>. Ses rares <strong>interactions avec d\u2019autres personnages<\/strong> sont br\u00e8ves mais soulignent son isolement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Quelques chapitres \u00e9chappent \u00e0 tout classement : leur caract\u00e8re fragment\u00e9 refl\u00e8te les pens\u00e9es d\u2019un homme au seuil de la mort, <strong>pris entre pass\u00e9 et pr\u00e9sent<\/strong>, entre r\u00e9alit\u00e9 et vertige int\u00e9rieur.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><b>Le savais-tu ? \ud83d\udc40<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lors de sa premi\u00e8re publication en 1829, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le Dernier Jour d\u2019un condamn\u00e9<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> para\u00eet sans nom d\u2019auteur.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hugo ajoute par la suite deux pr\u00e9faces :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il ajoute peu apr\u00e8s <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Une com\u00e9die \u00e0 propos d\u2019une trag\u00e9die<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> en pr\u00e9face. C\u2019est une <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/vocabulaire-du-theatre\/\"><b>sayn\u00e8te<\/b><\/a><b> satirique <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(une pi\u00e8ce comique) o\u00f9 il r\u00e9pond aux critiques des lecteurs avec des personnages caricaturaux.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Puis en 1832, il r\u00e9dige une longue pr\u00e9face engag\u00e9e dans laquelle il affirme clairement son objectif, et signe de son nom : il d\u00e9nonce la peine de mort comme une barbarie inutile.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"themes-et-pistes-danalyse\">Th\u00e8mes et pistes d\u2019analyse \ud83d\udc47<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Au sein de son plaidoyer, Victor Hugo aborde de <strong>nombreux th\u00e8mes <\/strong>qu\u2019il est int\u00e9ressant de soulever et d\u2019analyser.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Le temps<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le r\u00e9cit est rythm\u00e9 par l\u2019approche de l\u2019ex\u00e9cution : le temps devient obsessionnel. Le narrateur vit dans un \u00ab pr\u00e9sent-radical \u00bb o\u00f9 l\u2019avenir est n\u00e9gation (il n\u2019y en a plus) et le pass\u00e9 se r\u00e9duit \u00e0 regret. Hugo confine son protagoniste \u00e0 un pr\u00e9sent qui le s\u00e9pare de son pass\u00e9 et lui nie son avenir.<br><strong>Comment Hugo fait-il cela ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Le r\u00e9cit est \u00e0 la premi\u00e8re personne, \u00e0 la forme de journal ou monologue int\u00e9rieur, ce qui accentue l\u2019imm\u00e9diatet\u00e9 de chaque minute ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Les chapitres sont tr\u00e8s courts, parfois \u00e0 peine un paragraphe, ce qui cr\u00e9e un rythme hach\u00e9, une respiration anxieuse ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Le temps est d\u00e9crit paradoxalement comme tr\u00e8s long (l\u2019attente) et tr\u00e8s court (la vie qui s\u2019\u00e9teint).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>On peut souligner que le temps ici devient un instrument de torture psychologique : l\u2019attente prolonge la mort anticip\u00e9e, ce qui accentue la d\u00e9nonciation de la peine capitale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>La mort<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La mort n\u2019est pas seulement l\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nement final, mais un horizon omnipr\u00e9sent qui modifie toute la vie du narrateur. Elle interroge aussi le sens de l\u2019existence :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Le crime du narrateur reste anonyme (\u00ab moi, mis\u00e9rable qui ai commis un v\u00e9ritable crime, qui ai vers\u00e9 du sang ! \u00bb) ce qui rend sa mort plus universelle ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Le style lyrique et path\u00e9tique : exclamations, r\u00e9p\u00e9titions, souffrance exprim\u00e9e directement (registre path\u00e9tique) et parfois lyrisme (registre lyrique).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>La mort repr\u00e9sente non seulement la fin de la vie mais aussi la n\u00e9gation de la dignit\u00e9 humaine lorsqu\u2019elle est administr\u00e9e de fa\u00e7on institutionnelle. Le fait que Hugo ne nomme ni ne d\u00e9taille le crime fait de la mort une condamnation \u00ab de principe \u00bb, pas seulement personnelle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>L\u2019enfermement<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019enfermement est \u00e0 la fois physique (la cellule, la prison) et mental (les pens\u00e9es obs\u00e9dantes, l\u2019angoisse, l\u2019impuissance). Le texte explore comment l\u2019homme devient prisonnier de lui-m\u00eame :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Le d\u00e9cor carc\u00e9ral est d\u00e9crit avec pr\u00e9cision, et Hugo utilise le registre r\u00e9aliste ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Le monologue int\u00e9rieur accentue l\u2019enfermement psychique.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>On peut lire l\u2019enfermement comme m\u00e9taphore de la condition humaine devant la justice et la mort : l\u2019homme se trouve isol\u00e9, r\u00e9duit \u00e0 soi, face \u00e0 un destin impitoyable. Cette lecture rejoint les questionnements du romantisme sur l\u2019individu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>La fatalit\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le narrateur ne peut plus agir, tout semble \u00e9crit, l\u2019ex\u00e9cution est in\u00e9luctable. Le th\u00e8me de la fatalit\u00e9 renforce l\u2019absurdit\u00e9 de la situation :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Le narrateur parle d\u2019un avenir qui lui est refus\u00e9 ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Le fait que le crime ne soit pas pr\u00e9cis\u00e9 renforce l\u2019universalit\u00e9 de la fatalit\u00e9, ce pourrait \u00eatre n\u2019importe qui, n\u2019importe quel jour.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>La fatalit\u00e9 est ici montr\u00e9e comme une cons\u00e9quence de l\u2019institution (justice, guillotine) mais aussi du temps qui s\u2019\u00e9coule vers la mort. On pourrait aussi engager une lecture existentialiste : l\u2019homme confront\u00e9 \u00e0 son \u00ab n\u00e9ant \u00bb (sa mort) et \u00e0 l\u2019impuissance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>L\u2019atrocit\u00e9 \/ la torture<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La torture ne se limite pas \u00e0 l\u2019ex\u00e9cution mais \u00e0 l\u2019attente et aux conditions de la prison. Le texte souligne la cruaut\u00e9 de la peine de mort non seulement comme fin mais comme processus :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u2019attente de l\u2019ex\u00e9cution est d\u00e9crite comme une \u00e9chelle de tortures qui se termine \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chafaud ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Le traitement r\u00e9aliste des prisonniers, les descriptions des souffrances, notamment le ferrage des for\u00e7ats, montrent l\u2019inhumanit\u00e9 des peines.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Le proc\u00e9d\u00e9 litt\u00e9raire consiste \u00e0 forcer le lecteur \u00e0 ressentir l\u2019horreur en se mettant dans la peau du condamn\u00e9. Cela permet \u00e0 Hugo d\u2019atteindre l\u2019objectif du \u00ab roman \u00e0 th\u00e8se \u00bb : rendre tangible l\u2019absurdit\u00e9 et l\u2019inhumanit\u00e9 de la peine de mort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>L\u2019expression des sentiments<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le narrateur exprime sa peur, son doute, ses souvenirs, sa nostalgie \u2014 l\u2019humanit\u00e9 du condamn\u00e9 est mise en avant :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Le style introspectif, le \u00ab je \u00bb omnipr\u00e9sent, la focalisation sur les \u00e9motions intimes ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La sc\u00e8ne poignante de la visite de la fille : l\u2019innocence qui ignore le p\u00e8re condamn\u00e9, brisant l\u2019image de l\u2019homme.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette humanisation contribue \u00e0 la critique sociale : le condamn\u00e9 n\u2019est pas un monstre, il est un \u00eatre humain confront\u00e9 \u00e0 une mort institutionnelle. Cela casse la distance morale que la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 pourrait vouloir garder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Le monologue int\u00e9rieur<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le roman prend la forme d\u2019un journal intime, r\u00e9v\u00e9lant les pens\u00e9es les plus profondes du condamn\u00e9, sans filtre. Il s\u2019agit d\u2019un style d\u2019\u00e9criture introspectif.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ce style permet de plonger dans la conscience du personnage, de ressentir sa peur, ses doutes, et son d\u00e9sespoir face \u00e0 la mort imminente. En donnant la parole \u00e0 un homme que la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 condamne au silence, Hugo suscite l\u2019empathie du lecteur.<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>La r\u00e9flexion sur le sens de la vie<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Face \u00e0 la mort imminente, le narrateur interroge sa vie, sa culpabilit\u00e9, le syst\u00e8me de justice, l\u2019humanit\u00e9. Le texte devient m\u00e9taphysique :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Le narrateur \u00e9voque ce qu\u2019il a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00ab un homme comme les autres \u00bb, ce que la vie lui offrait et ce qui lui est retir\u00e9 ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Le plaidoyer explicite de Hugo dans la pr\u00e9face de 1832 fait le lien entre le roman et une remise en cause de tout syst\u00e8me de punition.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>On peut lire ce discours comme un questionnement romantique sur l\u2019existence : la vie humaine est-elle sacrifiable ? Quelle est la valeur du \u00ab dernier jour \u00bb d\u2019un homme ? Cela donne \u00e0 l\u2019\u0153uvre une dimension universelle et intemporelle.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p id=\"block-1c8e5964-70e5-44fe-b1ba-48e340ebda4e\" class=\"block-editor-rich-text__editable block-editor-block-list__block wp-block is-selected wp-block-heading rich-text\" role=\"document\" aria-label=\"Bloc\u00a0: Titre\" data-block=\"1c8e5964-70e5-44fe-b1ba-48e340ebda4e\" data-type=\"core\/heading\" data-title=\"Titre\" data-lt-tmp-id=\"lt-556216\" data-gramm=\"false\">\u00ab\u00a0Quoi que je fasse <span style=\"color: #33cccc;\">elle [la mort]<\/span> est toujours l\u00e0\u2026 comme un <span style=\"color: #33cccc;\">spectre de plomb<\/span> \u00e0 mes c\u00f4t\u00e9s, seule et jalouse.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos  citation__infos--full \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\">Victor Hugo<\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\">Le dernier jour d&rsquo;un condamn\u00e9 <\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p><b>Tu veux en savoir plus sur le contexte de vie de Victor Hugo ?\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/second-empire\/\"><b>Tout sur le Second Empire<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/monarchie-constitutionnelle-france\/\"><b>La monarchie constitutionnelle en France<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Tu sais maintenant tout sur ce chef-d&rsquo;\u0153uvre. On esp\u00e8re que ce r\u00e9sum\u00e9<strong> <\/strong> t\u2019aura permis d\u2019y voir plus clair. \u2600\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/cours\/francais\"><strong>Prends un cours de fran\u00e7ais avec un prof Sherpa !<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:24px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"faq\">\n    <div class=\"container\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/FAQPage\">\n        <div class=\"faq__title\">\n                        <h2 id=\"les-questions-frequentes\">Les questions fr\u00e9quentes \u2705<\/h2>\n                    <\/div>\n         <div class=\"faq__questions\">\n                                                                             <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Quelle est la morale du livre Le Dernier Jour d\u2019un condamn\u00e9 ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>La morale du livre est une d\u00e9nonciation de la peine de mort, vue comme une pratique barbare et inhumaine. L\u2019auteur montre que tuer un homme au nom de la justice est une contradiction morale.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Pourquoi Victor Hugo s&rsquo;oppose-t-il \u00e0 la peine de mort ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Il consid\u00e8re qu\u2019aucune communaut\u00e9 n\u2019a le droit de d\u00e9cider de la vie ou de la mort d\u2019un individu. Il juge cette pratique cruelle, inefficace et indigne d\u2019un pays civilis\u00e9.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Quels sont les arguments d\u2019Hugo contre la peine de mort ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Hugo insiste sur la souffrance psychologique extr\u00eame du condamn\u00e9, l\u2019irr\u00e9versibilit\u00e9 de l\u2019erreur judiciaire et l\u2019\u00e9chec de la peine comme outil dissuasif. Il critique aussi l\u2019hypocrisie d\u2019une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 qui tue pour punir le fait de tuer.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Pourquoi lire Le dernier jour d\u2019un condamn\u00e9 ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Parce que c\u2019est un texte engag\u00e9, puissant et accessible, qui fait r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir sur la justice, la mort et l\u2019humanit\u00e9. Il reste tristement actuel dans les pays o\u00f9 la peine de mort existe encore.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Comment s&rsquo;exprime la souffrance dans le roman ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Elle est exprim\u00e9e \u00e0 travers le monologue int\u00e9rieur du personnage, marqu\u00e9 par l\u2019angoisse, la peur, l\u2019attente et le d\u00e9sespoir. La lente progression vers la mort rend cette souffrance presque insupportable pour le lecteur.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Qu&rsquo;est-ce qui a pouss\u00e9 Victor Hugo \u00e0 \u00e9crire Le dernier jour d\u2019un condamn\u00e9 ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Victor Hugo s&rsquo;engageait contre la peine de mort d\u00e8s ses 26 ans. Il a assist\u00e9 \u00e0 des ex\u00e9cutions publiques par guillotine sur la place de l&rsquo;H\u00f4tel de ville \u00e0 Paris. Ces sc\u00e8nes provoquent chez lui une profonde indignation et le m\u00e8nent \u00e0 \u00e9crire ce livre en 1829.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">En quoi ce livre est un plaidoyer contre la peine de mort ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>C&rsquo;est un roman \u00e0 th\u00e8se qui d\u00e9fend une id\u00e9e pr\u00e9cise. Victor Hugo cherche \u00e0 \u00e9mouvoir et choquer ses lecteurs pour les convaincre de l&rsquo;inhumanit\u00e9 de cette pratique. Il expose la torture psychologique de l&rsquo;attente et la cruaut\u00e9 d&rsquo;une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 qui tue au nom de la justice.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Pourquoi le personnage principal du livre n&rsquo;a pas de nom ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Victor Hugo fait ce choix de mani\u00e8re volontaire. L&rsquo;anonymat permet au lecteur de s&rsquo;identifier plus facilement au condamn\u00e9. Ainsi, l&rsquo;attention se concentre sur la souffrance humaine universelle et non sur la culpabilit\u00e9 d&rsquo;un individu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Comment le livre nous fait ressentir l&rsquo;angoisse du condamn\u00e9 ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p>Le roman utilise le monologue int\u00e9rieur, comme un journal intime. Ce style r\u00e9v\u00e8le les pens\u00e9es du personnage sans aucun filtre. Le lecteur suit le compte \u00e0 rebours de ses derni\u00e8res heures et ressent directement sa peur, ses doutes et son d\u00e9sespoir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom kksr-disabled\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;223918&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;231&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;4.2&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;4.2\\\/5 - (231 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Le Dernier Jour d\\u0026#039;un condamn\u00e9 de Victor Hugo : r\u00e9sum\u00e9 \\u0026amp; analyse \ud83d\udcad&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;119.3&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 119.3px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            4.2\/5 - (231 votes)    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tu te pr\u00e9pares pour un contr\u00f4le sur Le Dernier Jour d\u2019un condamn\u00e9 de Victor Hugo ? Ce monument (&#8230;)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":159,"featured_media":306958,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"footnotes":""},"category":[803,806],"tag":[565],"class_list":["post-223918","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apprendre-matiere","category-lettres","tag-fiche-de-lecture"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/223918","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/159"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=223918"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/223918\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/306958"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=223918"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category?post=223918"},{"taxonomy":"tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag?post=223918"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}