{"id":223422,"date":"2025-10-09T15:55:34","date_gmt":"2025-10-09T13:55:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/?p=223422"},"modified":"2025-10-09T15:56:12","modified_gmt":"2025-10-09T13:56:12","slug":"le-horla-de-maupassant","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/le-horla-de-maupassant\/","title":{"rendered":"Le Horla de Maupassant : de quoi parle cette nouvelle fantastique ? \ud83d\udc7b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Souvent \u00e9tudi\u00e9 au coll\u00e8ge aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s des <strong>r\u00e9cits fantastiques d\u2019Edgar Allan Poe<\/strong>, <em>Le Horla<\/em> de Maupassant t&#8217;entra\u00eene dans une \u00e9trange aventure int\u00e9rieure. Un homme y raconte sa lutte contre une pr\u00e9sence invisible qui le rend fou. <strong>R\u00e9alit\u00e9 ou illusion ?<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/guy-maupassant\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"288654\">Maupassant<\/a> brouille les pistes entre raison et d\u00e9lire, et signe <strong>l\u2019un des r\u00e9cits les plus embl\u00e9matiques du fantastique fran\u00e7ais<\/strong>. \ud83d\udc7b<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c0 retenir \ud83e\udde0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <ul>\n<li><b><i>Le Horla<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> raconte la descente aux enfers d&#8217;un homme qu&#8217;une cr\u00e9ature invisible hante et fait sombrer dans la folie.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le lecteur ne sait jamais si la cr\u00e9ature existe vraiment ou si le narrateur imagine tout \u00e0 cause de sa maladie mentale.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le r\u00e9cit est un journal intime, on suit donc au jour le jour les angoisses du personnage et on perd pied avec lui.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pour tuer le monstre, il incendie sa maison, mais son \u00e9chec le pousse \u00e0 envisager le suicide.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"read-also\">\n    <p class=\"read-also__title\">\u00c0 lire aussi<\/p>\n            <div class=\"read-also__list\">\n            <p>Tu aimes les dramas, les plot-twists et les bijoux en diamants ? Tu vas aimer <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/la-parure-de-maupassant\/\"><strong><em>La Parure<\/em> de Maupassant<\/strong><\/a> ! D\u00e9couvre son r\u00e9sum\u00e9 ici !<\/p>\n<p>Tu as envie d&#8217;en savoir plus sur <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/edgar-allan-poe\/\">Edgar Allan Poe<\/a> ? On a ce qu&#8217;il te faut !<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fiche de pr\u00e9sentation de la nouvelle<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-1011\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-1011\">\n<tbody class=\"row-striping row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Auteur<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Guy de Maupassant<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Genre<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Nouvelle fantastique, psychologique<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Date de publication<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">1\u00e8re version le 28 octobre 1886 \/ 2e version le 17 mai 1887<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Lieu de parution<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">1\u00e8re version dans Gil Blas \/ 2e version dans Le Horla<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Lieu du d\u00e9roulement de l\u2019intrigue<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">France, en Normandie, pr\u00e8s de Rouen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-1011 from cache -->\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1 Qu&#8217;est-ce que le genre fantastique ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <ul id=\"block-6dc04b31-18bf-49d7-a2a5-9ff5d0763d53\" class=\"block-editor-rich-text__editable block-editor-block-list__block wp-block is-selected wp-block-list rich-text\" role=\"document\" aria-label=\"Bloc\u00a0: Liste\" data-block=\"6dc04b31-18bf-49d7-a2a5-9ff5d0763d53\" data-type=\"core\/list\" data-title=\"Liste\">\n<li>Genre litt\u00e9raire<\/li>\n<li>Intervention du <strong>surnaturel<\/strong> dans une histoire \u00e0 la base <strong>r\u00e9elle<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u00c9v\u00e8nements <strong>irrationnels<\/strong>, inexpliqu\u00e9s, <strong>inexplicables<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Rupture avec le r\u00e9el<\/strong> que toi et les personnages connaissez<\/li>\n<li>Appara\u00eet au<strong> d\u00e9but du XIXe si\u00e8cle<\/strong> avec des oeuvres comme :\n<ul>\n<li><em>La Peau de Chagrin<\/em>, <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/portrait-balzac\/\">Honor\u00e9 de Balzac<\/a> (1831)<\/li>\n<li><em>Le Portrait de Dorian Gray\u00a0<\/em>de <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/oscar-wilde\/\">Oscar Wilde<\/a> (1890)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Les <strong>\u0153uvres fantastiques plus r\u00e9centes<\/strong> :\n<ul>\n<li><em>Harry Potter<\/em>, J. K. Rowling (1997 &#8211; 2007)<\/li>\n<li><em>Twilight<\/em>, Stephenie Meyer (2005 &#8211; 2008)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Qui sont les personnages dans <em>Le Horla <\/em>de Maupassant ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Personnages principaux\u00a0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\ud83d\udc68\u200d\ud83e\uddb0 <strong>Le narrateur, h\u00e9ros principal<\/strong> : Personnage central de la nouvelle, c\u2019est un homme solitaire qui vit \u00e0 la campagne, pr\u00e8s de Rouen. Curieux et rationnel au d\u00e9part, il observe son propre esprit sombrer dans la peur puis dans la folie. Sa voix \u00e0 la premi\u00e8re personne, sous forme de journal intime, permet au lecteur de suivre pas \u00e0 pas la d\u00e9gradation de sa raison.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud83d\udc7b <strong>Le Horla<\/strong> : \u00catre invisible et insaisissable, le Horla semble hanter le narrateur et exercer sur lui une forme de domination. Sa nature reste volontairement ind\u00e9termin\u00e9e. Cr\u00e9ature surnaturelle, symbole de la folie ou m\u00e9taphore d\u2019une force int\u00e9rieure incontr\u00f4lable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Personnages secondaires\u00a0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Le m\u00e9decin<\/strong> : Figure de la raison et de la science, il rassure le narrateur sans parvenir \u00e0 apaiser ses angoisses. Il incarne la limite du savoir m\u00e9dical face \u00e0 l\u2019inexplicable.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mme Sabl\u00e9<\/strong> : Cousine du narrateur, elle appara\u00eet bri\u00e8vement lors d\u2019un d\u00eener o\u00f9 a lieu une exp\u00e9rience d\u2019hypnose. Elle illustre le cadre mondain et rationnel d\u2019o\u00f9 va peu \u00e0 peu s\u2019\u00e9chapper le h\u00e9ros.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>L\u2019hypnotiseur<\/strong> : Invit\u00e9 au d\u00eener chez Mme Sabl\u00e9, il hypnotise la jeune femme puis le narrateur. Cette sc\u00e8ne marque un tournant, c\u2019est apr\u00e8s cette exp\u00e9rience que le h\u00e9ros commence \u00e0 douter de sa propre libert\u00e9 et \u00e0 craindre l\u2019influence d\u2019un \u00eatre ext\u00e9rieur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Le Horla<\/em> de Maupassant r\u00e9sum\u00e9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Le narrateur du Horla m\u00e8ne d\u2019abord une vie paisible dans sa maison de campagne, pr\u00e8s de Rouen. Il \u00e9crit dans son journal tout ce qu\u2019il vit et ressent. Au d\u00e9but, tout va bien : il profite du beau temps, de la nature, et de la tranquillit\u00e9. Mais peu \u00e0 peu, un malaise \u00e9trange s\u2019installe. Il dort mal, se sent fatigu\u00e9, nerveux, et surtout, il a l\u2019impression d\u2019\u00eatre observ\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Son m\u00e9decin ne trouve rien d\u2019anormal. Pourtant, le trouble grandit. Pour se changer les id\u00e9es, il part en voyage. L\u2019air du large lui fait du bien, il se sent revivre. Mais \u00e0 son retour, tout recommence \u2014 pire encore. Chaque nuit, il sent une pr\u00e9sence autour de lui. Et le matin, sa carafe d\u2019eau est vide, comme si quelqu\u2019un d\u2019autre y avait bu pendant son sommeil\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1502\" height=\"2194\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Le_Horla_-_Jallume_une_bougie._.jpg?_t=1760017696\" alt=\"le horla\" class=\"wp-image-306872\" style=\"width:524px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Intrigu\u00e9, il fait des exp\u00e9riences pour comprendre ce qui se passe. Rien n\u2019y fait : il est convaincu qu\u2019une force invisible s\u2019est install\u00e9e chez lui. Il finit par la nommer : le Horla. Ce nom devient une obsession. Cette cr\u00e9ature, qu\u2019il ne voit jamais, semble le contr\u00f4ler, lui voler sa volont\u00e9, sa sant\u00e9, son esprit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lors d\u2019un d\u00eener chez sa cousine, il assiste \u00e0 une s\u00e9ance d\u2019hypnose. Il d\u00e9couvre qu\u2019un \u00eatre peut en dominer un autre par la seule force de la pens\u00e9e. D\u00e8s lors, il est persuad\u00e9 que le Horla agit de la m\u00eame fa\u00e7on sur lui. La fronti\u00e8re entre la raison et la folie devient floue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans un dernier espoir de se lib\u00e9rer, il tente de tuer la cr\u00e9ature en incendiant sa maison. Mais son plan \u00e9choue : les domestiques p\u00e9rissent dans les flammes, et le Horla, lui, semble avoir surv\u00e9cu. Le journal se termine sur une pens\u00e9e d\u00e9sesp\u00e9r\u00e9e : s\u2019il ne peut pas d\u00e9truire le Horla, alors il ne lui reste qu\u2019\u00e0 dispara\u00eetre lui-m\u00eame.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycz9zdWJqZWN0PUZyYW4lQzMlQTdhaXMmc2lnbnVwPXRydWU=\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"CMP1 Fran\u00e7ais\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            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<div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Martin2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Martin<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                   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xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">23\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Alma2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Alma<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris-Saclay<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Jeanne2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Jeanne<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                          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              <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin d&#8217;un <span style=\"color: #4cc583;\">prof particulier<\/span> de fran\u00e7ais ? <span role=\"image\" aria-label=\"\u2728\">\u2728<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos Sherpas sont l\u00e0 pour t&#8217;aider \u00e0 progresser et prendre confiance en toi !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS GRATUIT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Deux versions d\u2019une m\u00eame nouvelle<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Guy de Maupassant a \u00e9crit et fait publier deux versions de sa nouvelle<\/strong>. La premi\u00e8re para\u00eet en 1886 dans <em>Gil Blas<\/em>, un quotidien de la presse \u00e9crite, fond\u00e9 par Auguste Dumont qui para\u00eet en France pour la premi\u00e8re fois en 1879. <strong>La seconde version para\u00eet l\u2019ann\u00e9e suivante<\/strong>, sous la forme d\u2019un <strong>recueil de nouvelles<\/strong> intitul\u00e9 <em><strong>Contes fantastiques<\/strong><\/em>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les deux r\u00e9cits racontent la m\u00eame histoire : celle d\u2019un homme vivant \u00e0 la campagne, qui sent peu \u00e0 peu sa raison lui \u00e9chapper sous l\u2019influence d\u2019une pr\u00e9sence invisible. Mais leur point de vue change tout.<br><strong>Dans la premi\u00e8re version<\/strong>, le narrateur est un ali\u00e9niste (un m\u00e9decin sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 dans les maladies mentales) qui observe le malade de l\u2019ext\u00e9rieur.<br><strong>Dans la seconde<\/strong>, c\u2019est le malade lui-m\u00eame qui prend la parole. Le texte devient alors un journal intime, o\u00f9 l\u2019on suit sa folie au jour le jour, de l\u2019int\u00e9rieur. C\u2019est cette version, plus longue, plus intense, et beaucoup plus troublante, qui est aujourd\u2019hui consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme la version d\u00e9finitive du Horla. \ud83d\udca1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On te conseille vraiment de lire les deux versions ! <strong>D\u2019abord pour te faire ton propre avis sur ce qui change entre elles, mais aussi pour sentir \u00e0 quel point le simple fait de changer de narrateur peut transformer une histoire<\/strong>. C\u2019est aussi une belle fa\u00e7on de d\u00e9couvrir comment Maupassant fait \u00e9voluer son \u00e9criture pour aboutir \u00e0 un texte aussi fort que <em>Le Horla<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">\ud83d\udca1<\/strong> <em>Lettre d\u2019un fou<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p>En <strong>1885<\/strong>, donc avant d\u2019\u00e9crire <em>Le Horla<\/em>, <strong>Guy de Maupassant \u00e9crit une nouvelle qui y ressemble fortement<\/strong> et qu\u2019il intitule <strong><em>Lettre d\u2019un fou<\/em> <\/strong>(peut-on faire plus explicite ?). Comme le titre l\u2019indique, ce texte adopte une <strong>forme \u00e9pistolaire<\/strong>, et met en sc\u00e8ne un <strong>homme qui se confie \u00e0 son m\u00e9decin <\/strong>en lui d\u00e9crivant son \u00e9tat qui s\u2019apparente franchement \u00e0 de la <strong>folie<\/strong> !<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Cette nouvelle est publi\u00e9e dans <em>Gil Blas<\/em> elle aussi, en 1885 ! C\u2019est elle qui servira de base \u00e0 Maupassant pour \u00e9crire <em><strong>Le Horla <\/strong><\/em><strong>\ud83d\ude0c<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycz9zdWJqZWN0PVByJUMzJUE5cGFyYXRpb24rYnJldmV0JnNpZ251cD10cnVl\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"CPE1 brevet\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Pierre2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Pierre<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESSEC<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">16\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Emma2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Emma<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Dauphine<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">15\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Alma2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Alma<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris-Saclay<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">24\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Margot2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Margot<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Arts et M\u00e9tiers ParisTech<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">22\u20ac\/h\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Victor2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Victor<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ESCP<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Noemie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">No\u00e9mie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">M2 en droit \u00e0 Assas<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Martin2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Martin<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">HEC Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">23\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Sophie2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Sophie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Sciences Po Bordeaux<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">12\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Tu veux <span style=\"color: #000000;\">cartonner au brevet<\/span> ? \u2728<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Nos profs sont l\u00e0 pour t\u2019aider \u00e0 progresser !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS GRATUIT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Le Horla<\/em> de Maupassant : analyse et principaux enjeux<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Le Horla <\/em>de Maupassant n\u2019\u00e9chappe pas \u00e0 l\u2019habitude de l\u2019\u00e9crivain d\u2019afficher <strong>tout un tas de th\u00e8mes<\/strong>. On te montre comment ils sont<strong> trait\u00e9s de fa\u00e7on tr\u00e8s int\u00e9ressante<\/strong> et avec des techniques assez simples mais terriblement efficaces ! On t\u2019explique tout \ud83d\ude0c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le surnaturel&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette nouvelle tourne autour du <strong>th\u00e8me du fantastique<\/strong>. Le Horla est une <strong>cr\u00e9ature invisible, puissante<\/strong>, qui finit par \u00eatre terrifiante \u00e0 cause des effets qu\u2019elle a sur le h\u00e9ros ! Mais, comme elle n\u2019est pas strictement d\u00e9finie, <strong>tu peux d\u00e9cider de voir cet \u00eatre de diff\u00e9rentes fa\u00e7ons<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Par exemple, on peut l\u2019interpr\u00e9ter comme une <strong>all\u00e9gorie du temps<\/strong>, puissant et in\u00e9vitable. Tu peux aussi le voir comme une <strong>all\u00e9gorie du pass\u00e9<\/strong>, qui hante et qui \u00e9touffe certaines personnes. Ou encore, on peut le consid\u00e9rer comme <strong>un \u00eatre satanique qui vient pers\u00e9cuter et<\/strong> <strong>punir le h\u00e9ros<\/strong>. <strong>Les interpr\u00e9tations sont nombreuses <\/strong>en fonction de ton point de vue, de ta culture, de ton avis, de <strong>ce que tu as envie de croire<\/strong> !<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p>Tout est <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">faux<\/span>, tout est <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">possible<\/span>, tout est <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">douteux<\/span><\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\"><\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\"><\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cette citation incarne bien l\u2019id\u00e9e du fantastique !<\/strong> On ne sait pas ce qui est vrai, ce qui ne l\u2019est pas. Ce genre litt\u00e9raire <strong>cultive le doute<\/strong> chez les lecteurs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La dimension psychologique&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n<section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Je deviens fou<\/span>, d\u00e9cid\u00e9ment, <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">je suis fou<\/span> !, je me demande <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">si je suis fou<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\"><\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\"><\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Les troubles<\/strong> que le h\u00e9ros manifeste tout au long de la nouvelle :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Parano\u00efa<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u00e9mence<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hallucinations, fantasmagorie&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Crises d\u2019angoisse<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Paralysie du sommeil<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Possession par la diable<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans son journal, il d\u00e9crit la folie <strong>telle qu\u2019elle est connue \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque par la science et par la religion<\/strong>. Il nous en offre un v\u00e9ritable <strong>portrait<\/strong> !&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"you-know\">\n                <div class=\"you-know__title\"><p>\ud83d\udca1Une br\u00e8ve histoire de la psychologie<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"you-know__text\">\n            <p><strong><em>Le Horla <\/em><\/strong>est la premi\u00e8re \u0153uvre qui pr\u00e9sente l\u2019\u00e9volution d\u2019un<strong> trouble psychiatrique<\/strong> \u00e0 travers les <strong>pens\u00e9es du sujet<\/strong> en question !<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>\u00c0 l\u2019\u00e9poque o\u00f9 Guy de Maupassant \u00e9crit <em>Le Horla<\/em>, <strong>la psychologie est un tout nouveau domaine en France ! \ud83d\ude2f<\/strong>\u00a0Jusque dans les ann\u00e9es 1870, la psychologie est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme <strong>faisant partie de la famille de la philo<\/strong> ! C\u2019est seulement apr\u00e8s qu\u2019elle devient aux yeux de tout le monde <strong>une discipline scientifique \u00e0 part enti\u00e8re<\/strong> qui a ses propres m\u00e9thodes. Par exemple, les premi\u00e8res soci\u00e9t\u00e9s de psychologie apparaissent en 1885, surtout \u00e0 Paris.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Donc au moment o\u00f9 <em>Le Horla<\/em> de Maupassant est publi\u00e9, c\u2019est encore tout r\u00e9cent ! On peut dire qu\u2019<strong>il a su s&#8217;ancrer dans son temps<\/strong> \ud83d\ude0e<\/p>\n<p>D&#8217;ailleurs, si tu veux en savoir plus sur <strong>l&#8217;arriv\u00e9e et le d\u00e9veloppement de la psychologie en France<\/strong>, tu peux lire <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.francetvinfo.fr\/dans-vos-tetes\/2016\/02\/28\/petite-histoire-de-la-psychologie.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">cet article de France Info<\/a> !<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n              <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le double \u201cmoi\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n<section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p>Un \u00eatre <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u00e9tranger<\/span>, inconnaissable et <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">invisible<\/span>, anime, <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">par moments<\/span>, quand notre <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u00e2me<\/span> est <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">engourdie<\/span>, notre corps captif qui <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">ob\u00e9it \u00e0 cet autre<\/span><\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\"><\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\"><\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>Avec le <strong>d\u00e9veloppement de la psychologie<\/strong> na\u00eet aussi l\u2019id\u00e9e du \u201c<strong>moi<\/strong>\u201d, du \u201c<strong>\u00e7a<\/strong>\u201d et du \u201c<strong>surmoi<\/strong>\u201d, d\u00e9taill\u00e9e par <strong>Sigmund Freud<\/strong>, l\u2019un des premiers et des plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bres psychologues de cette \u00e9poque. Dans sa nouvelle, Guy de Maupassant exploite cette th\u00e9orie en mettant en sc\u00e8ne un <strong>personnage principal et une sorte de double \u00e9trange<\/strong> (et plus collant que sa propre ombre), le <strong>Horla<\/strong> \ud83d\udc7b.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Laisse-nous te signaler qu\u2019il fait en sorte que <strong>les deux \u201cmoi\u201d s\u2019opposent<\/strong> et qu\u2019ils soient <strong>en conflit l\u2019un avec l\u2019autre<\/strong>, install\u00e9s dans un <strong>rapport de force<\/strong> <strong>o\u00f9 ils tentent mutuellement de se d\u00e9truire<\/strong>. Le <strong>narrateur<\/strong> <strong>se sent<\/strong> <strong>poss\u00e9d\u00e9 par ce double<\/strong>, il \u00e9touffe litt\u00e9ralement par sa faute. Et finalement, il devient m\u00eame un <strong>double par rapport \u00e0 lui-m\u00eame<\/strong> (on t\u2019explique avec la citation juste en-dessous \ud83d\ude09).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Comparaison entre deux citations<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p>Quelle<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"> journ\u00e9e admirable<\/span> ! J\u2019ai pass\u00e9 toute la matin\u00e9e <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u00e9tendu sur l\u2019herbe<\/span>, devant ma maison, sous <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">l\u2019\u00e9norme platane<\/span> qui la couvre, l\u2019abrite et <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">l\u2019ombrage tout enti\u00e8re<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\">Premi\u00e8re ligne<\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\"><\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><section class=\"citation\">\n        <q class=\"citation__text\"><p>Non&#8230; non&#8230; <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">sans aucun doute<\/span>, sans aucun doute&#8230; <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">il n\u2019est pas mort<\/span>&#8230; Alors&#8230; alors&#8230; il va donc falloir <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">que je me tue<\/span>, <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">moi<\/span> !&#8230;<\/p>\n<\/q>\n\n                    <div class=\"citation__infos \">\n                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-name\">Derni\u00e8re ligne<\/p>\n                                                    <p class=\"citation__infos-job\"><\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u00c0 l&#8217;issue de cette fin, <strong>les lecteurs restent dans le flou,<\/strong> ils ne savent pas si le narrateur a finalement c\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 sa folie en mettant fin \u00e0 ses jours ou si <strong>sa vie continue encore apr\u00e8s<\/strong>, et qu\u2019il <strong>r\u00e9ussit \u00e0 se d\u00e9barrasser du Horla<\/strong> ! \u00c0 toi de choisir la fin qui te convient le plus !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Le narrateur est devenu \u00e9tranger \u00e0 lui-m\u00eame !<\/strong> Au d\u00e9but, sur les premi\u00e8res pages, il semble <strong>heureux<\/strong> et <strong>\u00e9panoui<\/strong>. Mais <strong>son \u00e9tat se d\u00e9grade <\/strong>tout au long du r\u00e9cit, et dans les derni\u00e8res pages, <strong>il est oppos\u00e9 \u00e0 la personne qu\u2019il \u00e9tait au commencement<\/strong> !<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"push \">\n        <div >\n            \n                                                <div class=\"push__container  qcd\" data-target=\"_self\" data-qcd=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zaGVycGFzLmNvbS9wcm9mZXNzZXVycz9zdWJqZWN0PU0lQzMlQTl0aG9kb2xvZ2llJnNpZ251cD10cnVl\" data-banner=\"2\" data-name=\"CPM\u00e9thodo\" style=\"background-color: #F3FBF7\" >\n                                                                        <div class=\"push__teachers\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center d-md-none\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\" alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"swiper\">\n        <div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Emma2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Emma<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Dauphine<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">15\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/David2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">David<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">EDHEC<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">25\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Noemie2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">No\u00e9mie<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">M2 en droit \u00e0 Assas<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">19\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Olivier2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Olivier<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">La Sorbonne<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">13\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Simon2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Simon<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">4e ann\u00e9e de m\u00e9decine<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fabien2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Fabien<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">T\u00e9l\u00e9com Paris<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">20\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Bastien2x.jpg);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Bastien<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">Polytechnique<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">26\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <div class=\"swiper-slide\">\n                    <div class=\"push__teachers-card\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"push__teachers-profil\"\n                            \n                            style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Thibault2x.png);\"\n                        >\n                    <\/div>\n                         <p class=\"push__teachers-name\">Thibault<\/p>                          <p class=\"push__teachers-school\">ENS Paris Ulm<\/p>                                                     <div class=\"push__teachers-note\">\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                                    <svg  class=\"active\" >\n                                        <use\n                                            xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#star\"\/>\n                                    <\/svg>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                 <p class=\"push__teachers-price\">20\u20ac\/h<\/p>                     <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"push__content\">\n                                                            <div  class=\"d-none d-md-block\" >\n                                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"push__logo\" src=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/logo.svg\"\n                                        alt=\"Logo Sherpas\">\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__title\"><p>Besoin d\u2019aide en m\u00e9thodo ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                                                        <div class=\"push__text\"><p>Trouve un prof expert en m\u00e9thodologie ! \u2728<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"push__promo-button   \">\n                                                                                                    <div\n                                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                                        style=\"color: ; border-color: ; background-color: \"\n\n                                    >\n                                        JE PRENDS UN COURS GRATUIT !\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La technique du journal intime<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>La nouvelle se pr\u00e9sente sous la forme d\u2019un <strong>r\u00e9cit racont\u00e9 \u00e0 la premi\u00e8re personne du singulier dans un journal<\/strong> intime au fil des jours, par le narrateur qui est aussi le personnage principal. Le r\u00e9cit est fragment\u00e9, irr\u00e9gulier. La fr\u00e9quence \u00e0 laquelle le narrateur \u00e9crit n\u2019est <strong>pas du tout r\u00e9guli\u00e8re <\/strong>! Voici <strong>en quelques points<\/strong> ce qu\u2019il faut signaler et retenir de <strong>cette technique et de ses avantages<\/strong> ! \ud83d\ude09<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1242\" height=\"2349\" src=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Maupassant_-_Le_Horla_Ollendorff_1905_page_059.jpg?_t=1760017872\" alt=\"Le Horla horrifi\u00e9\" class=\"wp-image-306873\" style=\"width:500px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Acc\u00e8s aux sentiments, pens\u00e9es du narrateur<\/strong>. Cette technique permet de vivre l\u2019histoire en temps presque r\u00e9el ! Tu ressens plus ou moins intens\u00e9ment en fonction du jour ses moments de panique, d\u2019affolement, ses remises en question, ses interrogations, ses peurs.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>D\u00e9sordre<\/strong> : Le narrateur ne peut pas prendre aucun recul sur ce qu\u2019il vit, donc tu peux lire ses \u00e9tats d\u2019\u00e2me, ses troubles, ses angoisses. Le r\u00e9cit appara\u00eet comme d\u00e9cousu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cette technique accentue l\u2019effet du fantastique<\/strong>, tu perds tes rep\u00e8res en m\u00eame temps que le h\u00e9ros, tu ne sais plus ce qui est vrai et ce qui ne l\u2019est pas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Elle favorise aussi l\u2019<strong>identification du lecteur avec le narrateur<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udca1 <strong>D\u2019autres \u0153uvres classiques utilisent des techniques similaires<\/strong>. Par exemple, l\u2019\u00e9crivain et philosophe fran\u00e7ais <strong>Montesquieu<\/strong> utilise le format \u00e9pistolaire dans son roman <em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/les-lettres-persanes-analyse\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"214766\">Les lettres persanes<\/a><\/strong><\/em>, publi\u00e9 en 1721. Chaque page est une lettre qui s\u2019inscrit dans une correspondance.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zoom sur Maupassant<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-999\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-999\">\n<tbody class=\"row-striping row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Dates<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">1850-1893<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Professions<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">\u00c9crivain, journaliste fran\u00e7ais<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Mouvement litt\u00e9raire<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">R\u00e9alisme<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Autres genres pr\u00e9sents dans ses \u00e9crits<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Pessimisme et fantastique<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Les nouvelles qui l'ont rendu famous<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">La Maison Tellier (1881), <a href=\"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/boule-de-suif-analyse\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Boule de Suif (1880)<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-6\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Quelques-uns de ses romans \u00e0 succ\u00e8s<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Une vie (1883), Bel-Ami (1885)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-999 from cache -->\n\n\n<section class=\"faq\">\n    <div class=\"container\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/FAQPage\">\n        <div class=\"faq__title\">\n            <h2>Les questions fr\u00e9quentes<\/h2>\n        <\/div>\n         <div class=\"faq__questions\">\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">De quoi parle la nouvelle Le Horla ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Un homme solitaire vit en Normandie et sent une pr\u00e9sence invisible. Cette cr\u00e9ature, le Horla, le rend malade et le pousse \u00e0 la folie. Pour la d\u00e9truire, il met le feu \u00e0 sa propre maison.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">C&#8217;est qui, ou c&#8217;est quoi, Le Horla exactement ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le Horla est une cr\u00e9ature invisible qui hante le narrateur. Le texte laisse le doute sur sa nature r\u00e9elle. Il repr\u00e9sente peut-\u00eatre le double du h\u00e9ros, sa folie, ou une force surnaturelle.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">Pourquoi il y a deux versions diff\u00e9rentes du Le Horla ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guy de Maupassant publie une premi\u00e8re version en 1886 dans le journal *Gil Blas*. La seconde version de 1887, plus longue, change la narration. Le r\u00e9cit prend la forme d&#8217;un journal intime o\u00f9 le h\u00e9ros raconte directement sa folie.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                                                                 <div class=\"faq__questions--item \" itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\">\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--title  collapsed\">\n                    <p class=\"h4\" itemprop=\"name\">En quoi Le Horla est une nouvelle fantastique ?<\/p>\n                    <svg>\n                        <use\n                        xlink:href=\"\/content\/themes\/sherpas-theme\/dist\/images\/sprite.svg#chevron-right\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"faq__questions--content\" style=\"max-height: 0px\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\n                    <div itemprop=\"text\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le r\u00e9cit m\u00e9lange un cadre r\u00e9aliste avec des \u00e9v\u00e9nements surnaturels. Une pr\u00e9sence invisible et inexpliqu\u00e9e tourmente le personnage principal. Le lecteur doute en permanence, comme le h\u00e9ros, sur la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 des faits.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n             <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;223422&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;121&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;4.2&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;Tu as aim\u00e9 cet article ?&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;4.2\\\/5 - (121 votes)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;24&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Le Horla de Maupassant : de quoi parle cette nouvelle fantastique ? \ud83d\udc7b&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;119.3&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} - ({count} {votes})&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 119.3px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-right: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 19.2px;\">\n            4.2\/5 - (121 votes)    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Souvent \u00e9tudi\u00e9 au coll\u00e8ge aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s des r\u00e9cits fantastiques d\u2019Edgar Allan Poe, Le Horla de Maupassant t&#8217;entra\u00eene dans (&#8230;)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":159,"featured_media":223526,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"footnotes":""},"category":[803,806],"tag":[565],"class_list":["post-223422","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-apprendre-matiere","category-lettres","tag-fiche-de-lecture"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/223422","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/159"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=223422"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/223422\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/223526"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=223422"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category?post=223422"},{"taxonomy":"tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sherpas.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tag?post=223422"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}